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anatomy > Innervation and Actions - Test 1 > Flashcards

Innervation and Actions - Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Ascending Part(lower fibers)

A

Innervation

  • spinal root of accessory nerve(cranial nerve XI) - motor
  • C3-C4 nerves - sensory(proprioception and pain)

Actions

  • support scapula and shoulder
  • elevation of scapula(shrugging)
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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Innervation

  • Thoracodorsal nerve(C6,C7,C8)
  • branch of posterior cord from brachial plexus

Actions

  • Adduction and lowering the arm
  • raise body towards should
  • medial rotation and extension of the arm by acting on humerus
  • coughing and forces expiration
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3
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor

A

Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve(C4-C5)

Actions

  • press the scapulae to thoracic wall
  • medial rotation and retraction of the scapula
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4
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Innervation
- dorsal scapular nerve

Actions

  • elevates the scapula
  • rotates the inferior angle of the scapula medially
  • rotates the glenoid of the scapula downward
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5
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Innervation

- intercostal nerves(T1-T4)

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6
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Innervation

- intercostal nerves(T9-T12)

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7
Q

Splenius Servicis and Capitis

A

Action

- rotate or extend the head and the next when both contract

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8
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Innervation
- dorsal rami of various spinal nerves

action
- keep body in erect position

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9
Q

longissimus

A

innervation
- primary dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

action
- keep body in erect position

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10
Q

Spinalis

A

Innervation
- all by primary spinal dorsal rami

Action
- keep body in erect position

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11
Q

Semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis

A

Innervation
- primary dorsal rami

Action
- extension and rotation of head and vertebral column

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12
Q

Multifidus

A

Innervation
- primary dorsal rami

Action
- stabilization of vertebrae with the movement of the vertebral column

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13
Q

Rotator brevis and longus

A

Action

  • stabilize the vertebrae
  • aid in rotation and extension of vertebrae
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14
Q

Interspinales, intertransversarii, and levatores costarum

A

Action

  • involved in movements of the vertebral column
  • assist in respiration
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15
Q

Suboccipital Region and Triangle

Rectus capitis posterior major
obliquus capitis superior
obliquus capitis inferior

Rectus capitis posterior minor(towards midline of region

A

Innervation

  • Suboccipital nerve(dorsal ramus of C1)
  • greater occipital nerve(C2) for sensory

Action

  • bilateral contractions turn head backward
  • unilateral contractions turn head to sides
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16
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Quadriceps Femoris(rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis)

A

I: Femoral Nerve
A: powerful extensor of knee joint
Rectus femoris can flex hip joint too

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17
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Sartorius

A

I: Femoral Nerve

A: flexor at both the hip and knee joints

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18
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Iliopsoas(psoas major and iliacus muscles)

A

I: Lumbar plexus(psoas muscle)
Femoral nerve(iliacus muscle)
A: strong flexor of the hip
Psoas muscle can flex body laterally

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19
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Gracilis

A

L: medial aspect of the thigh
I: Obturator Nerve
A: adductor of the thigh
Flexor at the hip and knee joints

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20
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Longus

A

L: extends mediolateral direction. Deeper to the sartorius and lies on the adductor magnus
I: Obturator nerve
A: Adduction of the thigh
Hip flexion

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21
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Brevis

A

L: lies partially beneath the adductor longus with a similar course
I: Obturator nerve
A: adductor to the thigh
Flexor of the hip joint

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22
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Pectineus Muscle

A

L: superior adductor longus
I: Femoral and Obturator nerves
A: adductor of thigh and flexor of hip joint

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23
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Magnus

A

L: medial aspect of the thigh anteriorly, deep in the posterior aspect of the thigh anteriorly
I: Tibial nerve(at adductor tubercle = hamstring part)
Obturator nerve adductor part
A: extensor of hip(thigh)
Strong adductor of the leg at the hip joint
Flexes thigh
At linea aspera is a lateral rotator of the thigh
At adductor tubercle is medial rotator of the leg

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24
Q

Dorsal Hip Muscles

Gluteus Maximus

A

L: superficial
I: Inferior gluteal nerve
A: powerful extensor of the hip joint, lateral rotator and abductor of the hip
Helps adduction of the hip

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25
Q

Dorsal Hip Muscles

Tensor Fasciale Latae

A

L: on lateral side from gluteus medius
I: Superior Gluteal nerve
A: Abduction, medial rotation, and flexion of hip(thigh), and supports knee joint

26
Q

Dorsal Hip Muscles

Gluteus Medius

A

L: partially beneath the gluteus maximus
I: Superior gluteal nerve
A: abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, helps in lateral rotation and flexion of the hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg raised

27
Q

Dorsal Hip Muscles

Gluteus Minimus

A

L: deep to gluteus medius and maximus
I: superior gluteal nerve
A: abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, helps in lateral rotation and flexion of the hip
Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg raised

28
Q

Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Piriformis

A

L: passes through greater sciatic foramen
May be partially or totally absent
I: Sacral plexus(nerve to piriformis)
A: lateral rotator of the extended thigh and abductor of the flexed thigh
Keep femur head in the acetabulum

29
Q

Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Obturator Internus

A

L: between superior gemellus and inferior gemellus(femur to hip)
I: Nerve to obturator internus
A: ?

30
Q

Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Superior and Inferior Gemellus

A 
L: superior – ichial spine
		Inferior – ischial tuberosity
	I: Superior – nerve to obturator internus
		Inferior – nerve to quadratus femoris
	A: ?
31
Q

Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Quadratus Femoris

A

L: inferior the inferior gemellus
I: nerve to the quadratus femoris
A: ?

32
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Hamstring muscles(long head of the biceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, ischial portion of adductor magnus)

A

L: posterior region of the thigh
I: tibial nerve
A: strong flexors of the knee joint, weak extensors of the hip joint

33
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Biceps Femoris

A

L: long(ischial tuberosity of the hip) and short(linear aspera of femur) heads
I: Long = tibial nerve, short = common peroneal nerve
A: extension of the hip, flexor and rotator of the knee joint

34
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Semitendinosus

A

L: superficial, medially in the posterior aspect of the thigh
I: tibial nerve
A: extension of the hip joint, strong flexion and medial rotation of knee joint

35
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Semimembranosus

A

L: wider muscle, deeper to the semitendinosus, on medial aspect of the posterior region of the thigh
I: tibial nerve
A: extension of the hip joint, strong flexion and medial rotation of the knee

36
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Adductor Magnus

A

Hamstring part works with other hamstring muscles

37
Q

Anterior muscles - lower leg

Tibialis Anterior

A

L: medially located on the lateral aspect of tibia
I: deep peroneal nerve
A: Dorsiflection and inversion of the foot at ankle joint

38
Q

Anterior muscles - lower leg

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

L: deep to the tibialis anterior
I: deep peroneal nerve
A: dorsiflection of the big toe and ankle

39
Q

Anterior muscles - lower leg

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

L: lateral tibialis anterior
I: deep peroneal nerve
A: dorsiflection of the foot at ankle and corresponding digits

40
Q

Anterior muscles - lower leg

Peroneus Tertius

A

Often present in and sometimes a part of extensor digitorum longus
A: helps eversion of the foot

41
Q

Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer

Gastrocnemius

A

L: Calf muscle
I: tibial nerve
A: strong plantar flexors of the foot, active for fast movements, flexes the leg at knee joint too.

42
Q

Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer

Plantaris

A

L: small, thin with long tendon
I: tibial nerve
A: plantar flexor of the foot

43
Q

Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer

Soleus

A

L: deep to the gastrocnemius
I: tibial nerve
A: strong plantar flexor of the foot, active in hard and sustained motion

44
Q

Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer

Popliteus

A

L: behind knee
I: tibial nerve
A: flexion of the knee, unlocking of the knee joint(rotates femur), medial rotation of the leg

45
Q

Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

L: most medially located
I: tibial nerve
A: plantar flexion at ankle and inversion of the foot

46
Q

Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer

Tibialis Posterior

A

L: between flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
I: tibial nerve
A: plantar flexion at ankle and inversion of the foot

47
Q

Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

L: lateral tibialis posterior
I: tibial nerve
A: flexes big toe and helps in plantar flexion

48
Q

Peroneal(lateral) Group Muscles

Peroneus Longus

A

L: superficial lateral aspect of lower leg
I: superficial peroneal nerve
A: eversion of the foot

49
Q

Peroneal(lateral) Group Muscles

Peroneus Brevis

A

L: lateral surface of the fibula
I: superficial peroneal nerve
A: eversion of the foot

50
Q

Muscles of the Dorsum of the Foot

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

L:attached to big toe
I: deep peroneal nerve
A: Dorsiflexion of the big toe

51
Q

Muscles of the Dorsum of the Foot

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

L: attached to toes
I: deep peroneal nerve
A: dorsiflexion of the digits

52
Q

Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles

Abductor Hallucis

A

L: superficial big toe
I: medial and lateral plantar nerve
A: abducts big toe

53
Q

Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

L: superficial medial 3 digits
I: medial and lateral plantar nerve
A: flexes digits

54
Q

Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

L: superficial lateral pinky toe
I: medial and lateral plantar nerve
A: abducts pinky toe

55
Q

Second Layer Muscles of the Plantar Region

Quadratus Plantae

A

L: medial
I: lateral plantar nerve
A: ?

56
Q

Second Layer Muscles of the Plantar Region

Lumbricals

A

L: thin on each connector to each digit
I: medial plantar nerve to medial lumbrical, lateral plantar nerve to others
A: plantar flexion of the corresponding digits

57
Q

Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A

L: medial head and lateral head for big toe
I: medial plantar nerve
A: flexes hallucis

58
Q

Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Adductor Hallucis

A

L: oblique head(medial and proximal to flexor hallucis lateral head), transverse head – to 4th digit
I: lateral plantar nerve
A: adducts hallucis

59
Q

Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

L: lateral and to pinky toe
I: lateral plantar nerve
A: flexes digits

60
Q

Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Opponens Digiti Minimi

A

L: deep the flexor digiti minimi brevis

61
Q

Fourth Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Plantar Interossei Muscles

A

L: On each digit plantar side
I: lateral plantar nerve
A: adductors of the digits

62
Q

Fourth Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles

Dorsal Interossei Muscles

A

L: on each digit dorsal side
I: lateral plantar nerve
A: abductors of the digits

anatomy (13 decks)

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