mock 2023 psychology Flashcards
what is androcentrism
Androcentrism is a term based on when society tends to focus more on men and their opinions, experiences, and values. It often sees them as more important and ignores or downplays the perspectives of women. This can be seen in how people talk, what they think is normal, and how women may not have the same opportunities as men.
Suggest two ways in which psychologists could avoid gender bias in their research. [2 marks]
researcher needs to see gender as a social construct so therefore no reinforcing stereotypes
reduce alpha bias and beta bias, have more balance in research
what is reductionism
Reductionism is a level of explanation that focuses on breaking down complex phenomena into simpler, more fundamental components. It seeks to understand behaviour and cognition by examining underlying biological, cognitive, or neurological processes. For example, within the biological approach, reductionism may involve studying the influence of specific genes or neurotransmitters on behaviour, or investigating the neural mechanisms involved in perception.
holism emphasises the interconnectedness of various factors and the importance of understanding behaviour as a whole system. It considers the influence of social, cultural, and environmental factors in shaping human behaviour and mental processes. Holism recognises that individuals are embedded within a larger context, and that their thoughts, emotions, and actions are influenced by the complex interplay of multiple factors. The sociocultural approach, for instance, takes into account the impact of cultural norms, social relationships, and societal structures on behaviour and cognition.
What is meant by self-disclosure? [2 marks]
Self-disclosure refers to the act of revealing personal information or sharing intimate thoughts, feelings, or experiences with others. It involves voluntarily opening up and disclosing details about oneself to another person or a group. Self-disclosure can range from sharing simple facts about one’s life to revealing deep emotions and personal struggles. It plays a crucial role in building trust, fostering connection, and developing meaningful relationships with others.
