humanism

Question 1

what are the 4 basic assumptions of humanism

Answer 1

Every individual is unique
we have free will
people should be viewed holistically
The scientific method is not appropriate to measure behaviour

Question 2

give a brief background to humanism

Answer 2

humanist psychology emerged in the united states in the 1950’s largely as a result of the work of Carl rogers and Abraham Maslow.

Question 3

describe the assumption that every individual is unique

Answer 3

we are all different and should be treated as such. This approach is unlikely to generalise a group of people and subdivide the population into clusters which all share a characteristic such as age or gender. This way of viewing people as unique is idiographic

Question 4

Descrube the basic assumption of free will

Answer 4

The humanist approach is based on the core assumption that we have free will, that we have the ability to choose what we do and we are in control of our behaviour.
that humans are self determining and not affected by external or internal influences “active agents”
ultimately meaning we are in charge of how we are developed and progress through life
An implication of the belief of free will is that this means a person is responsible for their own behaviour social or anti social in terms of legal system this places the responsibility with the individual; meaning its their fault

Question 5

descrube the assumption that people should be veiwed holistically

Answer 5

humanists argue that there is no point in looking at just one aspect of an individual if only one part of them is considered then much of what could be affecting them might be missed
humanist do not believe on focusing on childhood during therapy they believe the whole life should be considered

Question 6

describe the assumption that the scientific method is not appropriate to measure behaviour

Answer 6

humanist psychology does not describe itself as scientific. It argues the scientific method tries to be too objective and yet humans are subjective in the way they think and behave.
Free will is a difficult concept to determine, although this does not bother humanists.

Question 7

what is self actualisation

Answer 7

everyone has an innate drive to achieve their full potential. The achievement of that full potential is called self-actualisation

Question 8

what is marlows hierachy of needs bottom up

Answer 8

Self actualization
morality, creativity, spontaneity ,problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts

                             Esteem
 Self esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others
                      
                       Love/Belonging 
      Friendship, family, sexual intimacy
                            
                             Safety     Security of body, of employment of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property
                      
                         Physiological
        Breathing, food, water, sex, sleep,
              homeostasis, excretion

Question 9

what are characteristics of self actualised people

Answer 9

a strong self of self awareness
A fully accepting view of them selves and others for who they are
The ability to deal with uncertainty and the unknown
A strong sense of creativity

Question 10

what are the three categories of Marlows hierarchy

Answer 10

Basic needs
Psychological needs
Self fulfilment needs

Question 11

describe self actualisation attitude

Answer 11

An outward, more positive attitude means that self actualisation is more attainable. If someone experiences a negative event, and adopts a negative attitude about it, this will affect their self-concept and prevent personal growth