MOB & Emergency Situations Flashcards
1
Q
What is an Anderson Turn and when would it be used?
A
- A single turn
- Used if the casualty was witnessed
- Fastest recovery method
- Good for ships with tight turning characteristics
- Used by ships with considerable power
- Very difficult for single screw vessel
- Difficult because approach to casualty is not straight
2
Q
What is a Williamson turn and when would it be used?
A
- Rudder hardover, after deviation from original course by 60° rudder hard over to opposite side, when heading 20° short of opposite course, rudder to midship position to be turned to opposite course
- Immediate action situation
- Makes good original track line
- Good in reduced visibility
- Simple
- Takes the ship further away from the scene of the incident
- Slow procedure
3
Q
What is a Scharnov turn and when would you use it?
A
- Single turn 270°, after deviation of course of 250°, rudder to midships and stopping manoeuvre initiated
- Will take vessel back into her wake
- Less distance covered saving time
- Cannot be carried out effectively unless time has elapsed from incident
4
Q
What are the factors that can effect a vessel manoeuvering when recovering a MOB?
A
- Ship’s manoeuvring characteristics
- Wind direction and sea state
- Crew’s experience and level of training
- Capability of the engine plant
- Location of the incident
- Visibility level
- Recovery technique
- Possibility of having other vessels assist
5
Q
What is the action in case of an MOB if immediately sighted from the bridge?
A
- Activate GNSS/ECDIS MOB Marker
- Raise the Alarm - Radio MOB x 3 - Side if known, Assign lookout
- Throw a life-ring with smoke over the side as close to the person as possible.
- Sound three prolonged blasts of ship’s whistle and activate the general alarm to muster crew
- Engage hand steering
- Commence recovery manoeuvre Anderson turn would be the fastest recovery method of the MOB’s position was clearly known
- Inform master of vessel and engine-room.
- Note wind speed and direction
- Prepare recovery equipment: Launch Rescue boat, set up medical station, ensure warm blankets and towels are available
- Prepare a Distress message to be sent on the Captains Request
- Consult IAMSAR Vol 3 and BPG Checklists
- Hoist OSCAR
- Assume role of OSC
- Start a log of all events
6
Q
What is the action in case of an MOB that is immediately reported but with some delay?
A
- Activate GNSS/ECDIS MOB Marker
- Raise the Alarm - Radio MOB x 3 - side if known, assign lookout
- Throw a life-ring with smoke over the side as close to the person as possible
- Sound three prolonged blasts of ship’s whistle and activate the general alarm to muster crew.
- Engage hand steering
- Commence recovery manoeuvre Anderson turn unless any delay in reporting then Williamson as that will take me back onto my original track
- Inform master of vessel and engine-room
- Note wind speed and direction.
Prepare recovery equipment: Launch Rescue boat, set up medical station, ensure warm blankets and towels are available - Prepare a Distress message to be sent on the Captains Request
- Consult IAMSAR Vol 3 and BPG Checklists
- Hoist OSCAR
- Assume role of OSC
- Start a log of all events
7
Q
What is the action in case of an MOB that is a delayed sighting?
A
- Activate GNSS/ECDIS MOB Marker
- Raise the Alarm - Radio MOB x 3
- Throw a life-ring with smoke over the side
- Inform Master and Engine Room
- Engage hand steering
- Commence recovery manoeuvre Scharnov Turn as this will bring us back onto our original track
- Sound three prolonged blasts of ship’s whistle and activate the general alarm to muster crew
- Post look-outs with Binoculars
- Consult IAMSAR Vol 3 and BPG checklists
- Prepare a Distress message to be sent on the Captains Request
- Note wind speed and direction, tide and sea state, establish time since last seen to estimate a datum for the search
- Prepare recovery equipment: Launch Rescue boat. Is weather permits launch all additional vessels on board in order to increase the range of the search. If available on board launch helicopter to assist in search.
- Consider a creeping line search using the vessels tenders to search out from the original track line using the ship as a reference.
- Set up medical station, ensure warm blankets and towels are available.
- Hoist OSCAR
- Assume role of OSC
- Start a log of all events
8
Q
What are the initial actions when a person falls overboard?
A
- Throw a life ring overboard as close to the person as possible
- Sound three prolonged blasts of ships whistle and shout “Man overboard”
- Commence recovery manoeuvre
- Note position, time, windspeed and direction
- Inform master of vessel and engine room
- Issue Mayday message
- Post look-outs to keep person in sight
- Set off dye marker or smoke flare
- Inform radio operator, keep updated on position
- Stand by the engines
- Prepare lifeboat or possible launching
- Distribute portable VHF radios for communication between bridge deck and lifeboat
- Rig pilot ladder to assist in recovery
9
Q
What is an Expanding Square Search pattern and when would it be used?
A
Most effective when the location of the search object is known within relatively close limits
10
Q
What is a Sector Search pattern and when would it be used?
A
Most effective when the position of the search object is accurately known and the search area is small
11
Q
What is a Parallel Track Search and when would it be used?
A
Used to search a large area when survivor location is uncertain and can be carried out by multiple vessels
12
Q
What are the actions in the event of failure of the main engine(s)?
A
- Inform master
- Chart assessment
- Maneuver the ship away from danger
- Prepare for anchoring if in shallow water
- Exhibit NUC light shapes
- Broadcast urgency message, if appropriate
- Update AIS
- Inform VTS, etc.
13
Q
What are the actions in the event of steering gear failure?
A
- Check all modes of steering
- Check both steering pumps
- Inform Master
- Inform engine room
- Take way of ship
- Engage emergency steering
- Consider exhibiting NUC
- Update AIS
- Commence sound signal D
- Inform VTS.
14
Q
What are the actions in the event of a collision?
A
- Sound general emergency stations
- Call the Master
- Stop main engines in most cases
- Close all watertight and fire doors
- Start bilge pumps and fire pumps
- Muster all crew and passengers. Check for casualties or missing persons
- Assess the extent of the damage
- Consider additional factors, such as the risk of fire
- Position on chart established and safe port options
- Offer assistance to other ship
- Sound all tanks
- Initiate SOPEP if required
- Depending on the amount of damage and general circumstances, decision to abandon or not to abandon will be taken
- Send appropriate radio messages (mayday/urgency)
- Assuming that the vessel remains afloat, efforts should be made to prevent any increase in damage or further flooding
- Display appropriate lights or shapes
- The Master should report the casualty as soon as practicable. This report should be made to the Marine Accident Investigation Branch (MAIB).
15
Q
What are the actions in the event of a grounding?
A
- Stop engines
- Close watertight doors
- Inform Master
- Sound general alarm: Muster crew/passengers and check for casualties
- Check for hull damages and assess internal damage by visual inspection where possible
- Look for signs of pollution initiate SOPEP
- Exhibit lights and shapes for aground
- Sound for available depth of water about the vessel, especially around stern and propeller area
- Check position of grounding on chart. Determine the nature of the bottom and expected depth of water
- Determine if wind and sea are carrying the vessel harder aground
- Determine state of tide on grounding, together with heights and times of the immediate high and low waters
- Instigate temporary repairs to reduce the intake of any water, and order pumps to be activated on any affected areas
- If assistance is required, transmit a mayday or pan pan.
