MND

Question 1

What is MND?

Answer 1

Progressive degenerative disorder of the cortical, brain stem and spinal motor neurones (both upper and lower) - affects the anterior horn cells.

Question 2

Signs and Symptoms of MND

Answer 2

• Dysphagia (problems swallowing)
• Dysarthria (unclear articulation of speech)
• Weakness
• Spasticity
• Hyperreflexia
• Clonus
• Muscle atrophy
• Dyspnoea (difficulty breathing)

Question 3

Classification

Answer 3

Upper MN

• Primary Lateral Sclerosis
• Pseudobulbar Palsy

Lower MN

• Spinal Muscular Atrophy
• Progressive Muscular Atrophy
• Progressive Bulbar Palsy

Upper and Lower MN
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - MOST COMMON

Question 4

Early signs of MND

Answer 4

• Weakness in ankle or leg
• A weak grip
• Muscle cramps and twitches
• Slurred speech
• Weight loss