MN State Cosmetology Boards Exam Prep Mixed Questions Flashcards
_______________ is the study and science of beauty care.
Cosmetology
A healthy mind and body, effective ____________, and human ________________ play a part in a commitment to success.
communication
relations
_____________ can be prevented by rest and relaxation.
Fatigue
Most people need ____________ hours of sleep or they become ______________ and can’t _____________ properly.
6-8 hours
fatigued
function
Keeping muscles toned, organs working properly, and equipping the body to better cope with stressful situations are all benefits of _______________.
exercise
Avoid getting caught up in worry and fear by controlling thoughts and _____________.
emotions
A balanced diet will benefit personal and professional well-being and prevent certain ______________.
diseases
The energy in food is measured in ____________.
calories
Health hazards such as impure air and improper storage and use of food fall under the category of ___________ _____________.
public hygiene
_________________ _______________ is an individual’s system of maintaining cleanliness and health.
Personal hygiene
____________ ______________ is maintaining healthy teeth and keeping the breath fresh.
Oral hygiene
To maintain clean and healthy hair, a salon professional should follow a daily __________ __________ program.
hair care
When applying makeup, contouring with ___________ colors will have a broadening effect on the face.
lighr
Contouring with ___________ colors during makeup application will create a narrow appearance of the face.
dark
__________, broad heels are recommended, as you will be spending a great deal of time on your feet.
Low
Wearing ____________ clothing and shoes, current trends, and flattering personal styles are ways a cosmetologist should dress for success.
clean
Keeping the abdomen flat, the chin level, and the head up are key to having good _____________.
posture
When ____________, it is important to sit well back in the chair.
sitting
______________ is the science that looks at how work is performed and what body movements, tools, and equipment benefit the cosmetologist and client.
Ergonomics
Working with your back straight, using free-standing shampoo bowls, and adjusting the height of the client’s chair will help prevent __________ and ____________ strain.
neck
back
____________ feet during breaks is a preventive measure for helping alleviate foot and leg problems.
Raising
Adjusting the height of the chair so that when you work on a client, your arms are close to your sides is a recommendation to prevent _______________ problems.
shoulder
In order to completely understand and interpret the client’s needs, it is important to practice ______________ communication.
two-way
____________ _____________ means repeating back in your own words what a client just stated.
Reflective listening
If a client insists on using a color treatment that is not flattering for his or her complexion, the cosmetologist should respond using ________.
tact
___________ ____________ help to communicate hairstyles that would best suit a client.
Style books
Long hours of standing, high consumer expectations,and the need to increase the pace of work may lead to __________.
stress
Talking with other clients about a hard to deal with client displays a __________ attitude.
negative
_____________ involves thoughtfulness of others.
Courtesy
Two key words to focus on to improve teamwork are ____________ and ______________.
consideration
cooperation
An individual’s personal system of moral principles and values is part of personal ___________.
ethics
Values, personality, and moral principles are attributes of _____________ ____________.
personal ethics
Proper conduct in relationships with an employer, co-workers, and clients is known as ____________ _____________.
professional ethics
Adherence to a professional code of ethics reflects an individual’s ____________.
integrity
Responsibilities found in the __________ ________ of ___________ include: being fair and courteous to co-workers, being loyal to the employer and co-workers, and showing respect for the rights and feelings of others.
professional code of ethics
_________________ is the study of bacteria.
Bacteriology
__________ means the same as germ, or bacteria.
Microbe
Nonpathogenic bacterial cells are ___________ and can be ____________ to humans.
harmless
beneficial
______________ are nonpathogenic bacteria that live on dead matter.
Saprophytes
_____________ bacterial cells may be harmful to the body.
Pathogenic
_____________ bacteria cause disease, infection, and some produce toxins.
Pathogenic
A disease that is easily spread from one person to another is referred to as ______________.
communicable
The common cold, hepatitis, and measles are all considered _______________.
communicable
Spherical-shaped bacterial cells are known as __________.
cocci
___________________ are pus-forming bacterial cells that form in long chains, and which cause blood poisoning.
Streptococci
Rod-shaped cells are known as ______________.
bacilli
_____________ are coiled, corkscrew-shaped bacterial cells.
Spirilla.
__________________ cause Lyme disease.
Spirilla
Bacteria or ___________ cannot enter the the body through healthy skin.
viruses
Bacterial cells grow and ____________ to form two new cells.
divide
When in the _____________ _____________ stage, bacteria are not harmed by disinfectants.
spore-forming
During the ____________ stage, bacterial cells may die, become dormant, or form spore.
inactive
_____________ or cilia are the hair-like projections used by bacteria to provide movement.
Flagella
The common cold is caused by a ____________ virus.
filterable
Tuberculosis is caused by a virus. (True or False)
False
Human Hepatitis B (HBV) is a highly infectious disease that infects the ___________.
liver
Human Immonodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes the ____________ system to break down.
immune
Human Immonodeficiency Virus (HIV) can be transferred by blood, semen, or other ____________ ____________.
bodily fluids
_____________ _____________ are organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism.
External parasites
Fungi, bacteria, and mites are examples of _____________.
contagions
___________________ is another name for head lice.
Pediculosis
Syphillis is a ____________ _____________ that affects the whole body.
general infection
___________ _____________, such as disinfecting salon equipment, are procedures used with all clients.
Universal precautions
______________________ is the body’s ability to destroy infectious agents.
Immunity
Infection control is divided into three categories: _______________, _____________, and _____________.
sanitation
disinfection
sterilization
______________ is a product that can be applied to the skin to reduce microbes.
Antiseptic
Washing your hands is an example of ________________.
sanitation
Cosmetologists should wash their hands with warm water and liquid soap _____________ starting a service with the client.
before
Towels/linens should be ______________ after each use.
laundered
A __________________ is acceptable to use on tools and styling implements, but not on the hair, skin, or nails.
disinfectant
_________________ are disinfectants used to kill viruses.
Virucidals
_____________ is the agency under the Department of Labor that enforces safety and health standards in the workplace.
OSHA
____________ provides key information on products regarding ingredients, associated hazards, combustion levels, and proper storage.
MSDS
The 2001 OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen standard requires the use of a(n) ____________ ______________ disinfectant with an efficacy against HIV and HBV or tuberculociadal.
EPA-registered
Disinfectants are used to destroy or kill bacteria and some viruses, but not _____________.
spores
An EPA registration number is given to a product to ensure it is __________ and _____________ when used according to manufacturer’s directions.
safe
effective
Implements must be thoroughly ____________ before immersion in disinfectant.
cleaned
When disinfecting a brush, remove ____________, wash with _______, ___________ _____________, and immerse in a _______________.
hair
hot, soapy water
disinfectant
Store disinfected implements in a clean, disinfected and _____________ container.
covered
Any implements that come into contact with the client must be _____________ or ______________.
disinfected
discarded
Combs and brushes should be ______________ after each use.
disinfected
Solution in disinfectant containers should be changed _________________________.
according to manufacturer’s directions
____________ all containers storing disinfectants.
Label
When handling disinfectants, it is important to wear __________, avoid ____________ fumes, and contact with the ____________.
gloves
inhaling
eyes
Use forceps or ____________ to remove implements from disinfectant.
tongs
The process referred to as “double-bagging” is performed when a _____________ spill occurs.
blood
Double-bag all blood-soiled articles and label the bag as ___________ ______________.
hazardous waste
If a surface is free from dirt, oil, and/or microbes, it has been _________________.
decontaminated
Disinfectants are effective when stored in a __________, ____________ space.
cool
dry
Electrolysis services require the _______________ of implements following services.
sterilization
Tools and instruments used to puncture the skin must be __________________, or be designed to be __________.
sterilized
disposable
Sterilization requires the use of a liquid sterilant and/or moist or dry _____________.
heat
______________ is the lowest level of infection control.
Sanitation
After the bleeding stops when performing first aid, the next step is to apply the _______________.
bandage
Determine if the victim can __________ or ___________ FIRST when it is believed a person may be choking.
speak
cough
Light, heat, chemical, and magnetic changes are all produced by ______________.
electricity
Material that best transports electricity is a _____________.
conductor
Silver and copper ____________ electricity, and are conductors.
transmit
Material such as glass, rubber, or paper wrapped around a conductor that does not allow current to pass through it is called a(n) ___________________.
insulator
Alcohol allows a current to pass through it. (True or False)
False
A unit of electrical ______________ is called an ampere.
strength
One ampere equals ____________ milliamperes.
one thousand
A volt is a unit of electrical _____________.
pressure
A unit of electrical _____________ is called an ohm.
resistance
A watt is a unit to measure how much energy is ____________.
being used
A constant electrical current flowing in one direction is called a(n) ____________ ______________.
direct current
A ______________ _________________ breaks the flow of current when an overload occurs.
circuit breaker
When a person comes into contact with an electrical current, do NOT touch a person to ground the circuit. (True or False)
True
The application of special currents or modalities that have a variety of effects on the skin is called _____________.
electrotherapy
An electrode is used to bring ____________ from the appliance to the client’s skin during an electrotherapy procedure.
current
The direct current used in electrotherapy treatments is ________________.
Galvanic
The negatively charged electrode used in electrotherapy is known as a(n) ________________.
cathode
A negative electrode pole used during Galvanic current electrotherapy treatment will temporarily ___________ a client’s blood flow.
increase
Softening of tissue is NOT a temporary effect of the positive pole of Galvanic current. (True or False)
True
_____________________ causes sebum to be broken down or blackheads to be liquefied, as in deep-pore cleaning.
Desincrustation
Galvanic current CAN be used on clients with broken capillaries. (True or False)
False
_____________ ____________ is used primarily to cause muscle contractions.
Faradic current
____________, a high frequency current, is known as the violet ray.
Tesla
High frequency and ___________ current are characteristics of a Tesla electrotherapy treatment.
alternating
High frequency is an alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltage to produce _______.
heat
____________ ____________ utilizes Tesla current while the client holds the activated electrode and the cosmetologist manually stimulates the area being treated.
Indirect application
Slightly separating the electrode from the skin with product a mild, ____________ sensation during the use of a high frequency current.
stimulating
Treatment with light rays is called ___________ _____________.
light therapy
____________ rays have longer wavelengths than x-rays, visible light, or ultraviolet rays.
Infrared
Combination light can be broken down into its individual ___________ ____________ by a prism.
wave lengths
______________ light closely mimics natural sunlight.
Incandescent
Pure heat rays are produced by _____________ rays.
infrared
Increased _____________ is a benefit of using infrared light during a facial.
circulation
The average distance you should place an infrared lamp during a facial is about _____________ inches.
30
Ultraviolet rays are also known as ___________ rays.
actinic
Small doses of _______________ will tan the skin.
UV light
Small doses of ultraviolet light may help the body produce _______________.
Vitamin D
____________ that cause skin infections can be killed by ultraviolet light.
Bacteria
Before using ultraviolet light on a client, the skin or scalp should be ______________.
cleansed
___________ is the study of the organs and systems of the body.
Anatomy
The __________, _____________, and __________ _____________ are the three basic parts of a cell.
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
The control center of cell activities is the _________.
nucleus
The outer surface of the cell, which encloses the protoplasm, is known as the _______ __________.
cell membrane
Most of the activities or production of the cell takes place in the ___________.
cytoplasm
Building up larger molecules from smaller ones, releasing energy to perform specific body functions, and breaking down of larger molecules or substances into smaller ones are examples of _____________.
metabolism
________________ is the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones.
Anabolism
______________ is the release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions.
Catabolism
______________ tissue covers and protects the body surface and internal organs.
Epithelial
___________ tissue coordinates body functions, in addition to carrying messages to and from the brain and spinal cord.
Nerve
A separate body structure composed of two or more cells of different tissues is a(n) ___________.
organ
A group of body structures that, together, perform one or more vital functions of the body is a(n) ___________.
system
The skin makes up the _______________ system.
integumentary
The ____________ system is the physical foundation of the body.
skeletal
The point at which two or more bones are joined together is called a(n) _____________.
joint
________________ is the study of bones.
Osteology
The technical term for bone is _______.
os
Long bones are found in the _________ and the __________.
arms
legs
Bone is the hardest structure in the body, and is composed of _______ organic matter, and _______ mineral matter.
1/3
2/3
Functions of the skeletal system include:
allowing the body movement
protecting internal organs
providing a frame to which the muscles can attach
The ________ system gives the body its strength and shape.
skeletal
The skeletal system has the function of surrounding and protecting _________ ____________.
internal organs
The frontal, occipital, and temporal are all bones of the ____________.
cranium
The ___________ bone is more affected by a scalp massage the the ethmoid, sphemoid, of phalanges.
frontal
The ___________ bones form the crown and upper sides of the head.
parietal
The ____________ bones are located on either side of the head, above the ear and below the parietal.
temporal
The _____________ is the largest bone of the facial skeleton.
mandible
The upper cheek and bottom eye socket are formed by the ____________, also called malar.
zygomatic
The ________________ bones are the smallest bones of the facial skeleton, and form the front part of the inner, bottom wall of the eye socket.
lacrimal
The ________ bones that form the top part of the spinal column are the _________ vertebrae.
seven
cervical
The large, flat bone extending from the middle of the back upward to the joint where it attached to the clavicle is the ____________.
scapula
The bone located on the little finger side of the lower forearm is the ________.
ulna
The eight ____________, held together with ligaments, form the wrist.
carpals
The ____________ are five long, thin bones that form the _______ of the hand.
metacarpals
palm
_____________ is the study of the structure, function, and diseases of the muscles.
Myology
One function of the muscular system is supporting the ___________ system.
skeletal
______________ muscles respond to commands regulated by will.
Striated
The ______________ or non-striated muscles respond automatically to control the various body functions, including functions of internal organs.
involuntary
The non-moving portion of the muscle attached to bone or other fixed muscle is the _____________.
origin
Muscle tissue contracts when stimulated to produce ___________.
motion
Muscles affected by massage are generally manipulated from the ___________ to the _____________.
insertion
origin
The epicranius is formed by two muscles called the ___________ and _____________.
frontalis
occipitalis
The _______________ controls the eyebrows by drawing them in and downward.
corrugator
The _____________ ___________ muscle circles the eye socket and closes the eyelid.
orbicularis oculi
The _____________ ____________ circles the mouth and is responsible for puckering and wrinkling lips.
oris orbicularis
The muscle that allows raising and lowering of the head (nodding) is the ______________ _______________.
sternocleido mastoideus
The ___________ and ___________ _________ draw the head back, rotate the shoulder blades, and control the swing of the arms.
trapezius
latissimus dorsi
The ______________ muscle turns the palm of the hand up.
supinator
The ___________ muscle bends the wrist and closes the fingers.
flexor
The ____________ muscle straightens the fingers and wrist.
extensor
The _____________ system is directly influenced and stimulated when a cosmetologist performs a massage manipulation.
circulatory
The main function of _________ is to reach the parts of the body not reached by blood.
lymph
The __________ muscle is completely encased in a membrane called the pericardium.
heart
The lower chambers of the heart are the right and left _________.
ventricle
_____________ is the sticky, salty fluid that circulates through the body bringing nourishment and oxygen to all the body parts.
Blood
Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called ____________ or white blood cells.
leukocytes
__________ is the fluid part of the blood.
Plasma
Thick-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart are _________.
arteries
__________ are dark in color because they carry impure blood (blood containing carbon dioxide) back from the capillaries to the heart.
Veins
The ________ __________ __________ supply blood to the face, head, and neck.
common carotid arteries
The _____________ artery supplies blood to the back of the head.
occipital
The external _____________ supplies the lower portion of the face, including the mouth and nose, with blood.
maxillary
The ___________ artery supplies the sides of the nose with blood.
angular
The brain, spinal cord, and cranial nerves make up the __________ _________ ____________.
central nervous system
The ________ is the largest nerve tissue in the human body.
brain
_________ nodes filter out toxic substances like bacteria, and add antibodies to the lymph fluid.
Lymph
The __________-___________ system may display localized swelling as a result of an infection
lymph-vascular
The _________ system is made up of the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system.
nervous
The ________ terminal is located at the end of each axon and is responsible for sending messages away from the nerve cell.
nerve
Another name for a nerve cell is a _________.
neuron
_________ nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles.
Efferent
The primary motor nerve of the face is the __________ nerve.
facial
The ___________ nerve is also known as the fifth cranial nerve. It transmits facial sensations to the _____________.
trifacial
brain
Stimulation of sensitive nerve tissues during a facial massage helps make tight, fatigued muscles become more ____________.
relaxed
The pharynx, stomach, and esophagus are included in the ____________ system.
gastrointestinal
The _____________ system is responsible for the inhalation of __________.
respiratory
oxygen
Breathing through the nose is more healthy because the nose contains mucus membranes that filter out _________.
dust
The _____________ system is comprised of glands that manufacture chemical substances called hormones.
endocrine
________ is the term that identifies anything that occupies space.
Matter
Performing a haircut, shattering a piece of glass, and performing thermal styling are all examples of _________ changes.
physical
All matter is composed of _______.
atoms
All matter that is living or was once living contains ___________, and deals with ____________ chemistry.
carbon
organic
Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called ___________.
elements
Atoms that are the same form a(n) ________.
element
Two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n) ___________.
molecule
When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom, the result is water, which is a(n) _______________.
compound
___________, ______________, _______________, and ______________ form the basis of amino acids.
Carbon
nitrogen
oxygen
hydrogen
Amino acids join together in chains to become ___________.
protiens
Hair is primarily composed of _________.
keratin
A ___________ bond can easily be broken by heat or water.
hydrogen
________ _________ help organize the protein chains found within the hair.
Side bonds
The ___________ bond is of the greatest concern to a cosmetologist.
disulfide
An acidic solution has _________ positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions.
more
A pH of 5 is ________ times more acidic than a pH of 6.
ten
Solutions with equal hydrogen and hydroxide ions are __________.
neutral
The pH scale ranges from _________ to ___________.
0 - 14
Distilled water has a pH of _______, is considered to be ___________. Water is also known as the _____________ __________.
7
neutral
universal solvent
The pH of hair and skin is in the range of __________ to _________.
4.5 - 5.5
A mixture of two or more kinds of molecules evenly dispersed would be a _______________.
solution
A ___________ is a substance that is able to dissolve another substance.
solvent
