Chemical Texturizing Flashcards
The main ingredient in an acid wave is ________________.
glycerol monothioglycolate
When performing an alkaline wave on a client, thioglycolate is joined with what ingredient to create a waving lotion?
amonia
The chemical phase of perms includes what three steps?
applying perm solution, rinsing the perm solution from the hair, applying neutralizer
To produce large curls, wave formations, or body waves it is necessary to use _________________.
larger diameter rods
Which type of perm rod would be used to achieve uniform curls?
straight
Concave rods create a ___________ and more __________ pattern on the ends.
wider, spiraling
In the perm procedure, proper end paper techniques will eliminate crimps or ___________ on the ends of the hair.
fishhooks
What is the bookend method of perm wrapping?
Using one end paper folded in half over the hair.
In a double flat wrap the first end paper is placed under the strand past the ends of the hair, and the second end paper is placed on top of the strand and slightly __________ the first paper.
past
Water left in the end papers after rinsing the perm solution will dilute the neutralizer and ________________ the curl formation.
weaken
The size of the base and the angle at which the hair is held while wrapping determines the tool position or ________________.
base control
To create more volume, which tool position should be used?
On base
On base control is not recommended for alkaline perms since expansion is limited at the base and ___________________.
tension may cause breakage
Which tool position results in no curl at the scalp and a minimal degree of volume?
Off base
Partial perms are designed to ______________.
position new texture only where it is needed
In alkaline waves, the perm solution chemically softens and breaks the __________________.
disulfide bonds
In addition to tension and perm solution, what do acid waves use to perform the processing action?
heat
Skipping rods when applying perm solution could cause ________________.
inconsistent curl formation
When perming resistant hair, it may require ________________.
longer processing time
Which three chemicals are the main ingredients in most neutralizers?
sodium bromate, sodium perborate, hydrogen peroxide
A neutralizer rebonds and restores the disulfide bonds and __________________ caused by the alkalinity.
reduces swelling
To remove all chemicals after the hair has been neutralized the hair needs to be _____________.
rinsed
What is considered to be the range of pH for alkaline waves?
8.0 - 9.5
The high alkalinity of cold waves causes the hair fiber to soften and ________.
swello
Alkaline perms produce faster processing times and _____________ curl.
stronger
Acid perms are better for use on resistant hair. (True or False)
False
The more porous hair is, the ________ resistant it is to absorbing perm solution.
less
To equalize the porosity of highly porous hair, it may be necessary to use ________________.
prewrap products
Porosity is the ability of the hair to ____________.
absorb liquids
The hair’s ability to stretch and return to its original shape is called ______________.
elasticity
Hair is generally referred to as fine, medium or coarse when analyzing which classification?
texture
Texture, elasticity and porosity determine the processing time and type of perm solution to use. (True or False)
True
Hair density does not always match hair __________.
texture
What determines the size and shape of the new curl configuration?
perm rod size
Hair that has been colored cannot be permed. (True or False)
False
Before perming, identify if the hair has been tinted, bleached, highlighted or _____________.
previously permed
What is applied to the client’s hairline prior to a perm service to protect the skin?
protective creamq
If perm solution comes in contact with the client’s eyers or skin, what action should be taken?
Rinse thoroughly with cool water
Proper draping for chemical services prevents ____________________.
burns, skin irritation, and damage to client clothing
What ingredients in color products could cause uneven curls, discoloration, and hair breakage?
Metallic salts
When performing a metallic salt test, immerse at least 20 strands of hair in the prepared mixture for ____________ minutes.
30
Prior to performing a preliminary test curl, hair should be shampooed and __________________.
gently towel dried
After completing a chemical texture service, it is important to update the client’s _________________.
record card
What is most likely the cause of underprocessed hair?
Perm solution not left on long enough
What could be the cause of weak or limp curls?
underprocessing
What could be the cause of a perm not lasting as long as expected?
incomplete neutralization
Hair wound on rods with too much tension may cause _________________.
breakage or dryness
The most common ingredient found in products that completely straighten the hair is ________________.
sodium hydroxide
Overprocessed hair could be indicated by hair that is ________________.
curly when wet and frizzy when dry
Sodium hydroxide relaxers are also known as _________________.
lye relaxers
Super strength relaxers are used on what type of hair?
tightly curled, coarse textured hair
Which ammonium thioglycolate relaxer strength would be used on healthy, color-treated, fine textured, or porous hair?
mild
A sodium hydroxide relaxer service should not be performed on ____________ hair.
bleached
What product should NOT be used on hair that has been previously permed with ammonium thioglycolate?
sodium hydroxide
___________________ are the three determining factors for processing time and relaxer strength.
Texture, elasticity, and porosity
When performing a chemical relaxing procedure on porous hair, choose a product that has a ___________ alkaline content.
lower
A pull test is performed to check ______________ of the hair.
elasticity
What is the shape of a tightly curled hair folicle?
elliptical
What is the optimum percent of natural curl pattern to remove when relaxing?
85%
The three methods of applying relaxer are ____________________.
brush, comb, or fingers
During a chemical relaxer procedure, if the hair is tested with the back of the comb and there is minimal amount of indentation, or if the curl pattern reverts or beads, what step may be required?
Additional smoothing
How far away from the scalp should a virgin relaxer be applied?
1/4” - 1/2”
An acid balanced neutralizing shampoo or stabilizer is used after the hair is free of chemicals to _________________.
reharden the hair
What does the porosity of the hair affect when working with a chemical relaxer?
processing time
What is used to protect the scalp and hairline from caustic chemicals?
protective base cream
When performing an alkaline wave on a client, thioglycolate is joined with what ingredient to create a waving lotion?
Amoinia
The main ingredient found in an acid wave is _____________.
Glycerol monothioglycolate
Virgin sodium hydroxide relaxers may be applied from 1/4” to 1/2” from the scalp because body heat from the scalp will ___________________.
allow it to expand upward to the scalp
When performing a virgin sodium hydroxide relaxer, you should first shampoo the client’s hair. (True or False)
False
What should be done to replace the natural oils of the hair that were removed during a chemical relaxing process?
conditioning treatment
Virgin thio relaxer service may be performed after a light shampoo. (True or False)
True
Which test should be performed during a virgin thio relaxer to determine if the proper amount of relaxation has occurred?
comb test
To protect previously treated hair from the chemical product when performing a relaxer retouch service, what should be applied?
protective cream
Rearrangers are used during a curl reformation process to reduce the natural curl. What is the main ingredient found in rearrangers?
ammonium thioglycolate
During a curl reformation service, what size partings should be used?
thinner than normal
An acid-balanced neutralizing shampoo or stabilizer is used after the hair is free of chemicals to _______________.
reharden the hair
When performing a curl reformation service, the rod diameter chosen should be at least how many times larger than the diameter of the natural curl pattern?
2
Once the hair is completely wrapped during a curl reformation service, what is applied to ensure thorough saturation of the waving lotion?
additional booster
The function of curl activator is to provide moisture and to help retain ___________ of a new curl configuration.
shape
Why should brushing of the hair before any chemical service be avoided?
To prevent scalp irritation
If curl reforming is desired, cut off all hair previously treated with _________________.
sodium hydroxide
To produce large curls, wave formations or body waves, it is necessary to use _______________________.
large diameter rods
Which type of perm rod would be used to achieve uniform curls?
straight
Concave rods produce which type of curl?
wider at the scalp and more spiraling at the ends
In the perm procedure, proper end paper techniques help eliminate _____________ on the ends of the hair.
fishhooks
Describe the bookend technique for end papers.
one end paper folded in half over the ends of the hair
Water left in the end papers after rinsing the perm will ______________ the neutralizer and ____________ the curl formation.
dilute; weaken
On base control is not recommended for alkaline perms because ________________________.
tension may cause breakage
In alkaline waves, the perm solution chemically softens and breaks the ______________ bonds.
disulfide
In addition to tension and perm solution, what do acid waves use to perform the processing action?
heat
Skipping rods when applying perm solution could cause ___________________.
inconsistent curl formation
When perming ___________ hair, longer processing time may be required.
resistant
A neutralizer restores the side bonds and also reduces ______________ caused by alkalinity.
swelling
After the hair has been neutralized, it must be _______________ to remove all chemicals.
rinsed
Alkaline waves have a pH between ______________________.
8.0 - 9.5
The high ______________ of cold waves causes the hair fiber to soften and swell.
alkalinity
Alkaline perms produce faster processing time and ______________ curl.
stronger
The more ______ hair is, the less resistant it is to absorbing perm solution.
porous
Porosity is the hair’s ability to _____________.
absorb and retain liquids
When performing an alkaline wave on a client, thioglycolate is joined with what ingredient to create a waving lotion?
Amoinia
The main ingredient found in an acid wave is _____________.
Glycerol monothioglycolate
Virgin sodium hydroxide relaxers may be applied from 1/4” to 1/2” from the scalp because body heat from the scalp will ___________________.
allow it to expand upward to the scalp
When performing a virgin sodium hydroxide relaxer, you should first shampoo the client’s hair. (True or False)
False
What should be done to replace the natural oils of the hair that were removed during a chemical relaxing process?
conditioning treatment
Virgin thio relaxer service may be performed after a light shampoo. (True or False)
True
Which test should be performed during a virgin thio relaxer to determine if the proper amount of relaxation has occurred?
comb test
To protect previously treated hair from the chemical product when performing a relaxer retouch service, what should be applied?
protective cream
Rearrangers are used during a curl reformation process to reduce the natural curl. What is the main ingredient found in rearrangers?
ammonium thioglycolate
During a curl reformation service, what size partings should be used?
thinner than normal
An acid-balanced neutralizing shampoo or stabilizer is used after the hair is free of chemicals to _______________.
reharden the hair
When performing a curl reformation service, the rod diameter chosen should be at least how many times larger than the diameter of the natural curl pattern?
2
Once the hair is completely wrapped during a curl reformation service, what is applied to ensure thorough saturation of the waving lotion?
additional booster
The function of curl activator is to provide moisture and to help retain ___________ of a new curl configuration.
shape
Why should brushing of the hair before any chemical service be avoided?
To prevent scalp irritation
If curl reforming is desired, cut off all hair previously treated with _________________.
sodium hydroxide
To produce large curls, wave formations or body waves, it is necessary to use _______________________.
large diameter rods
Which type of perm rod would be used to achieve uniform curls?
straight
Concave rods produce which type of curl?
wider at the scalp and more spiraling at the ends
In the perm procedure, proper end paper techniques help eliminate _____________ on the ends of the hair.
fishhooks
Describe the bookend technique for end papers.
one end paper folded in half over the ends of the hair
Water left in the end papers after rinsing the perm will ______________ the neutralizer and ____________ the curl formation.
dilute; weaken
On base control is not recommended for alkaline perms because ________________________.
tension may cause breakage
In alkaline waves, the perm solution chemically softens and breaks the ______________ bonds.
disulfide
In addition to tension and perm solution, what do acid waves use to perform the processing action?
heat
Skipping rods when applying perm solution could cause ___________________.
inconsistent curl formation
When perming ___________ hair, longer processing time may be required.
resistant
A neutralizer restores the side bonds and also reduces ______________ caused by alkalinity.
swelling
After the hair has been neutralized, it must be _______________ to remove all chemicals.
rinsed
Alkaline waves have a pH between ______________________.
8.0 - 9.5
The high ______________ of cold waves causes the hair fiber to soften and swell.
alkalinity
Alkaline perms produce faster processing time and ______________ curl.
stronger
The more ______ hair is, the less resistant it is to absorbing perm solution.
porous
Porosity is the hair’s ability to _____________.
absorb and retain liquids
