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Mixed Block Notes 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Ecthyma gangrenosum is strongly associated with

A

P aeruginosa

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2
Q

Virulence factors of Pseudomonas in Ecthyma gangrenosum

A

Exotoxin A (protein synthesis), Elastase, PLC, Pyocyanin (ROS)

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3
Q

Exposure to bats or bird droppins in Ohio or Mississippi area

A

Histo (resembles tuberculosis)

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4
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide diuretic

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5
Q

Holocrine glands

A

Associated with sebaceous - entire cells secreted

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6
Q

Apocrine vs Eccrine

A

Apocrine secretes into hair follicles, Eccrine directly onto skin

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7
Q

Rapid y descent that becomes deeper and steeper during inspiration

A

Constrictive pericarditis

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8
Q

Timeline of T cell response to MTB

A

2-4 weeks after infection

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9
Q

Most dangerous complication of UC

A

Toxic Megacolon

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10
Q

Sacral micturation center

A

S2-S4 - parasympathetic fibers travel with pelvic nerves

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11
Q

Pontine Micturation Center

A

Pontine Reticular Formation

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12
Q

Medium chain acyl-CoA DH deficiency causes

A

Hypoglycemia, Hypoketonemia

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13
Q

Each round of FA beta oxidation produces

A

1 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 AcetylCoA

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14
Q

During rapid beta oxidation, the TCA cycle is overwhelmed –>

A

Shunting acetyl-CoA toward production of ketone bodies

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15
Q

Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase

A

RLS - first step in FA synthesis

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16
Q

Anti-cholesterol meds that should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing GB disease

A

Bile acid resins, Fibrates

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17
Q

Parvovirus binds what antigen

A

Erythrocyte P antigen

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18
Q

EBV envelope glycoprotein gp350 binds what

A

C3d complement component (CR2 or CD21)

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19
Q

Hydrocephalus, Intracranial calcifications, Chorioretinitis

A

Congenital Toxo

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20
Q

What type of enzyme is telomerase

A

RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RT)

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21
Q

Rifampin monotherapy

A

Exposure to H flu or N meningitidis

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22
Q

Tx of MAC

A

Macrloide + Rifampin + Ethambutol

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23
Q

Hurthle Cells

A

Hashimoto’s

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24
Q

Beta-Galactosidase

A

Lactose –> Glucose + Galactose

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25
Lac operon
Lack of glucose increases cAMP, Presence of Lactose binds repressor
26
FFA's and insulin resistance
Increase resistance, also decrease insulin secretion
27
Pyogenic granuloma
Polypoid form of capillary hemangioma - Resemble hypertrophic granulation tissue
28
Cystic hygroma
Endothelium-lined lymph spaces beneath epidermis - Differ from cavernous hemangiomas by absence of luminal vessels
29
Liver hemangiosarcomas are associated with
Arsenic (pesticides), Thorotrast (contrast), Polyvinyl chloride
30
Diet recommended for PDH deficiency
Ketogenic (Leucine, Lysine)
31
Glucogenic AA's
Methionine, Valine, Histidine (met sugary valiant hunk)
32
Glucogenic/Ketogenic AA's
Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Threonine, Tryptophan
33
Ketogenic AA's
Leucine, Lysine
34
Mutation of Myelin protein gene
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (weakness of foot dorsiflexion)
35
Additional manifestations of Polycythemia Vera
Peptic ulceration, Pruritis, Gouty arthritis
36
Measure of fetal lung maturity
Incr ratio of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) to sphingomyelin ratio
37
Primary abnormality in Paget's
Excessive osteoclastic bone resorption
38
Phenazopyridine
Urinary analgesic - provides symptomatic relief of dysuria, urinary frequency, urgency
39
Ascorbic acid accelerates what reactions
Hydroxylation, Amidation
40
Workup of all patients with gastrinoma should include
Serum calcium, PTH, and Pituitary hormones - MEN-1
41
Anti-MTB drug that requires acidic intracellular environment
Pyrazinamide
42
INH MOA
Synthesis of mycolic acid
43
Ethambutol MOA
Blocking Arabinosyl Transferase
44
Segmented viruses
Reovirus (rota, colti), Orthomyxo, Arena, Bunya
45
Excessive rise in left atrial systolic pressure (v wave) is characteristic for
Mitral Regurgitation
46
Differentiate bone-specific ALP
Easily denatured by heat (bone = boil)
47
Urinary hydroxyproline and deoxypyridinolin excretion
Osteoclast activity (most common measures), also TRAP
48
Antipsychotic most notorious for causing prolonged QT
Ziprasidone
49
Cardiac medication that can cause hypothyroidism
Amiodarone
50
Clozapine acts on what receptors
D4
51
Prevent intracelllular dehydration in sickle cell
Gardos channel blockers (ca-dep K channel)
52
Specificity of tPA
Can only bind plasminogen strongly in presence of fibrin = clot-specific
53
Most common elbow injury in children
Radial Head Subluxation = Tear of annular ligament
54
Blanching of vein into which NE is being infused + induration and pallor
NE extravasation --> a1 vasoconstriction --> Phentolamine
55
Respiratory muscarinic antagonists
Ipratropium, Tiotropium, Glycopyrrolate
56
Eye muscarinic antagonists
Atropine, Homatropine, Tropicamide
57
GI muscarinic antagonists
Hyoscyamine, Dicylomine
58
GU muscarinic antagonists
Oxybutynin, Solifenacine, Tolterodine
59
Flunisolide
Inhaled GC for prophylactic treatment of asthma (bronchial)
60
Calcific Tendonitis
Deposits of calcium hydroxyaptite crystals in periarticular soft tissues (esp tendons, rotator cuff)
61
Anti-EGFR Ab
Cetuximab
62
Muromonab
Anti-CD3 (acute rejection treatment for liver, kidney, heart)
63
Most common bugs causing sepsis in sickle cell
Pneumococcus, H flu
64
How does radiation kill cells
DNA ds break, ROS
65
Secretin stimulates pancreas to release
Bicarb rich, Cl poor fluid (Cl to produce NaCl)
66
High levels of what increase ESR
Fibrinogen stimulted by Acute Phase Reactants
67
Pure Red Cell Aplasia is associated with
Parvo B19, Thymoma, Lymphocytic Leukemias
68
Invasive Mole vs Choriocarcinoma
Hydropic villi and proliferated trophoblast vs Atypical cytotrophoblastic and syncytiotrophoblastic cells w/ foci of hemorrhage and necrosis
69
Pulsus alternans
LV dysfunction - Beat to beat variation in magnitude of pulse pressure in presence of regular rhythm
70
Dicrotic pulse
Two distinct peaks - Severe dystolic function
71
Pulsus parvus et tardus occurs in
Aortic stenosis
72
Hyperkinetic pulse
Rapid ejection of large stroke volume against decr afterload
73
Paget disease of nipple
DCIS spreads to nipple skin without having crossed basement membrane
74
Ductal dilation, Inspissated breast secretions, Chronic granulomatous inflammation in the periductal and interstitial areas
Mammary Duct Ectasia
75
Most common benign tumor of esophagus
Esophageal Leiomyoma

Uworld (16 decks)

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