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Uworld > Mixed Block Notes 12 > Flashcards

Mixed Block Notes 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Nomal post-void residual volume

A

50cc

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2
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Anti-muscarinic for urge incontinence

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3
Q

Histology of Hep B vs C

A

B = Ballooning, Necrosis, Portal inflammation, GROUND GLASS; C = Lymphoid aggregates w/in portal tracts, Focal areas of macrovesicular steatosis

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4
Q

Most common meds that cause ED other than SSRIs

A

Clonidine, Methyldopa, BB’s

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5
Q

COMT inhibitors vs Carbidopa

A

Both peripheral work peripherally; Carbidopa on DOPA decarboxylase

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6
Q

Entacapone vs Tolcapone

A

Entacapone is peripheral only (can’t Enter the CNS); Tolcapone associated with haptotoxicity

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7
Q

MOA of Ropinerole

A

DA agonist

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8
Q

Carrier vs Channel proteins

A

Carrier proteins undergo conformational changes as substrate is transported

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9
Q

Uptake of cholesterol occurs via

A

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

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10
Q

Transport of Glucose by Glut4 is

A

Carrier-mediated transport (co-transport in GI tract, renal tubule)

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11
Q

Blank requirements are lower in adrenal insufficiency

A

Insulin

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12
Q

Chloride in primary adrenal insufficiency

A

Increased to maintain electroneutrality of extracellular fluid

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13
Q

Secondary/Tertiary adrenal insufficency vs primary

A

Can still release aldosterone in response to AgII –> No electrolyte

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14
Q

Isolated hyperkalemia can be caused by

A

Insulin deficiency; Diet; Cell lysis; B1 antagonists

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15
Q

Side effects of Flutamide

A

Hot flashes, Gynecomastia, Impotence (androgen depletion)

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16
Q

GnRH agonists

A

Leuprolide, Goserelin, Nafarelin, Histrelin

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17
Q

Cyproterone MOA

A

Androgen receptor blocker (like Flutamide)

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18
Q

IL-2 is approved for treatment of

A

RCC, Melanoma

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19
Q

Translocation is catalyzed by blank and requires blank

A

EF2, GTP hydrolysis

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20
Q

Type of anemia in beta thal minor

A

Hypochromic, microcytic

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21
Q

Most common cell type in pituitary

A

Somatotroph

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22
Q

How to prevent HSV2 recurrences

A

Daily treatment with Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir

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23
Q

Close contact prophylaxis for Hep A

A

Ig, Vaccine for high risk

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24
Q

Vaginal Adenosis

A

Glandular metaplasia due to DES –> Clear cell adenocarcinoma

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25
Q

Blutn Aortic Injury ocurs most often at

A

Isthmus (attched to Ligamentum Arteriosum)

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26
Q

Fall on outstretched, dorsiflexed hand

A

Lunate discloation

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27
Q

Onset of Otosclerosis

A

middle age

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28
Q

AE’s of Ganciclovir

A

Pancytopenias, Renal

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29
Q

Major AE of Zidovudine

A

BM suppression

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30
Q

Foscarnet AE

A

Electrolytes, Renal

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31
Q

AE’s common to all NNRTI’s

A

Rash/SJS, Hepatotoxicity

32
Q

MOA of Nitroglycerin

A

Dilate large veins –> Decr preload

33
Q

Primary site of hormonal regulation of systemic BP

A

Small arteries and arterioles

34
Q

Control of precapillary sphincters

A

NE, Epi, Local regulators

35
Q

Rhabditiform Larvae in stool

A

Strongyloides –> Ivermectin

36
Q

Parasite eggs in stool

A

Schistosoma mansoni or japonicum –> Praziquantel

37
Q

Proglottids in stool

A

Tapeworms = Taenia, Diphyllobothrium

38
Q

Trophozoites and Cysts in stool

A

Protozoa = Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica

39
Q

Strongyloides infection

A

Skin penetration –> Alveoli –> Pharynx –> Intestine –> Autoinfection

40
Q

a-Glucosidase inhibitors

A

Acarbose, Miglitol

41
Q

Th in Cronhn’s vs UC

A

Th1 in Crohn’s, Th2 in UC

42
Q

First 5 years of diabetic nephropathy

A

Glomerular hypertrophy, Increase GFR!

43
Q

Gouty nephropathy

A

Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis

44
Q

First line for Wilson’s

A

Penicillamine, Trientene

45
Q

Vitamin store longevity for A, D, Folate, B12

A

A for 6 months, D for 3 months, Folate for 3 monts, B12 for 3-4 years

46
Q

Storage of water soluble vitamins

A

All flushed easily except folate and B12

47
Q

Anti-psychotics more likely to cause anti-cholinergic effects

A

Traditional low-potency (eg chlorpromazine, thiordazine)

48
Q

Alleviation of negative symptoms of schizophrenia is thought to be due to

A

Inhibition of 5-HT2a (atypical anti-psychotics)

49
Q

Common symptoms for sickle cell traint

A

Hematuria, Inability to concentrate urine

50
Q

Lab indications of sickle cell trait

A

sickling test positive, all else negative

51
Q

Dubin-Johson = absence of

A

MRP2

52
Q

Deconjugation of bile acids

A

Anaerobes, S aureus –> Less soluble –> Less able to form miscelles –> Lipid malabsorption

53
Q

Lower border of parietal pleura

A

7th –> 10th –> 12th

54
Q

Where should thoracentesis be performed

A

5-7 (midclavicular) –> 7-9 (midaxillary) –> 9-11 (paravertebral)

55
Q

Unlike ACh, Succinylcholine is not

A

degraded by AChEsterases

56
Q

Succinylcholine Phase 1 vs 2

A

1 is depolarized, 2 is non-depolarized

57
Q

Relaxant for intubation –> Hyperkalemia

A

Succinylcholine

58
Q

AE’s of Succinylcholine

A

(1) Malignant hyperthermia; (2) Severe hyperkalemia; (3) Bradycardia

59
Q

Who gets hyperkalemia with Succinylcholine

A

Burns, Myopathies, Crush injuries, Denervation

60
Q

Atracurium releases

A

Histamine –> Fall in BP, Bronchoconstriction

61
Q

Sensory from inner tympanic membrane, eustachian tube

A

CN IX

62
Q

Noninfective envelope glycoprotein that forms spheres and tubules 22 nm in diameter

A

HBsAg

63
Q

Milrinone

A

PDE 3 inhbitor –> Incr cAMP –> Ca conductance –> + Inotropy

64
Q

Dipyridamole, Cilostazol

A

Decr platelet PDE –> Incr cAMP –> Decr platelet aggregation; Cilastazol also directly vasodilates

65
Q

Ticlopidine, Clopidogrel MOA

A

Block ADP receptor –> Decr Gp Iib/IIIc receptor

66
Q

Ingestion of undercooked shellfish

A

V cholera, Norwalk virus, Hep A

67
Q

VPM receives input from

A

Superior Olivary Nucleus, Inferior Colliculus of Pons

68
Q

Subacute Cerebellar Degeneration

A

Small cell, Female repo cancers –> Anti-Yo, -P/Q, -Hu –> Cross-react with cerebellar purkinje neurons

69
Q

Post-viral Cerebellar Ataxia

A

Within 3 weeks of Varicella, Measles, EBV in children –> Self-resolving

70
Q

Clinical associations with Adenocarcinoma

A

Clubbing, Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

71
Q

Location and clinical associations with Large cell carcinoma of lung

A

Peripheral; Gynecomastia, Galactorrhea

72
Q

Carcinoid syndrome is associated with decreased

A

Niacin

73
Q

Liver histology Reye’s syndrome

A

Microvesicular steatosis w/out inflammation

74
Q

Most adults in US with Anti-HAV IgG

A

Have never experience icteric illness

75
Q

Icterus in HAV infection depends on

A

Age (children typically anicteric)

76
Q

Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymoses

A

Pupurua 5mm to 1cm

Uworld (16 decks)

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