mitosis and microscopes

Question 1

what are the two different types of microscopes

Answer 1

optical
electron

Question 2

what is the resolution of the optical microscope

Answer 2

low

Question 3

what is the magnification og the optical mmicroscope

Answer 3

low

Question 4

what can thee conditions the sample be in an optical microscope

Answer 4

live

Question 5

what is magnification?

Answer 5

how many times larger an image is compared to the OBJECT

Question 6

what is resolution

Answer 6

the minimum distance between two points for them to appear as separate items

Question 7

what is the equation for magnification

Answer 7

image/actual

Question 8

what are the two types of electron microscopes

Answer 8

transmission electron
scanning electron

Question 9

how are electrons usedd to create an image in microscopes

Answer 9

beam of electrons are condensed to create an image

Question 10

why does an electron microscope have a high resolving power

Answer 10

electrons have a shorter wavelength

Question 11

what is the magnification like in electron microscopes

Answer 11

high

Question 12

what conditions can the specimen be observed under in an electron microscope

Answer 12

not living
under a vaccum

Question 13

what does a transmission electron microscope do?

Answer 13

electrons are transmitted through specimen

Question 14

what form is the imagee produced in TEM

Answer 14

2D

Question 15

what conditions does the specimen need to be in TEM

Answer 15

very thin
under vaccum

Question 16

what are the limitations of TEM

Answer 16

can contain artefacts
sample needs to be thin
vaccum so no live species

Question 16

what colour is the images from a TEM

Answer 16

black and white

Question 17

how does a scanning electron microscope work

Answer 17

electrons are beamed on the surface and is sscattered along

Question 18

what form is thee image in SEM

Answer 18

3D

Question 19

what colour is the image inn SEM

Answer 19

red

Question 20

what is the resolving power like for SEM

Answer 20

higher but lower resolving power than TEM

Question 21

what is the order of units

Answer 21

km
m
mm
micrometre
nanometre

Question 22

what is the trend for the units

Answer 22

times by 1000

Question 23

why do we use cell fractionation

Answer 23

to separate individual organelles

Question 24

what should the cell be kept in a cold colution

Answer 24

to reduce enzyme activity

Question 25

why is thee cell in a isotonic solution

Answer 25

so the water potential as the organelle
to prevent them from bursting/shrivelling

Question 26

why is the cell in a buffered solution

Answer 26

to maintain the pH so there is no damage to no organelles

Question 27

what is homganisation

Answer 27

to blend up

Question 28

why is the cell haemoginised in their cold,isotonic and buffered solution?

Answer 28

so that they are broken to release organelles

Question 29

what happens when the homogenate is created

Answer 29

it is filtered to remove LARGE cell debris

Question 30

why do we use ultracentrifugation

Answer 30

to isolate different organelles

Question 31

what happens when we spin the centrifuge at the lowest speed

Answer 31

the densest organelle is released

Question 32

what does the densest organelle form

Answer 32

pellet

Question 33

what is the supernatant

Answer 33

the mixture of organelles

Question 34

what is the order of the organelles released
when the speeed increases

Answer 34

nuclei
chloroplasts
mitochondria
lysosomes
ER
ribosomes

Question 35

how would write out the process to get chloroplast during ultracentrifugation

Answer 35

spin the supernatant and it will be in the 2nd pellet