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Biology > Mitosis > Flashcards

Mitosis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mitosis

A

cell reproduction

purpose;
to increase number of cells
replaces old, worn out cells

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2
Q

cell reproduction

A

mitosis

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3
Q

increase the # of cells

A

mitosis

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4
Q

replaces old, worn out cless

A

mitosis

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5
Q

____ is a continuous process however we can identify specific stages during the process

A

mitosis

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6
Q

Mitosis is a _____ process however we can identify specific stages during the process

A

continuous

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7
Q

G1

A

interphase
rest & regroup, growth stage
no cell division occurs
normal cell functions occur (eg. protein synthesis)

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8
Q

first interphase stage

A

G1

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9
Q

rest and regrew, growth stage

A

G1

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10
Q

S-phase

A

Synthesis
DNA replicates thus chromatin doubles
not yet chromosomes
centrosomes appear
nuclear membranes still intact

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11
Q

synthesis

A

S-phase

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12
Q

DNA replicates thus chromatin doubles

A

S-phase

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13
Q

Chromosomes are not yet visable

A

S-phase

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14
Q

Centrosomes appear

A

S-phase

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15
Q

Nuclear membranes still intact

A

S-phase

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16
Q

G2 phase

A

final growth
It is a time to prepare for the next cell division
Cell organelles begin doubling

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17
Q

final growth

A

G2

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18
Q

time to prepare for the next cell division

A

G2

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19
Q

cell organelles begin doubling

A

G2

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20
Q

second interphase stage

A

S-phase

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21
Q

third interphase stage

A

G2 phase

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22
Q

first mitosis phase

A

Prophase

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23
Q

second mitosis phase

A

metaphase

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24
Q

third mitosis phase

A

anaphase

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25
Q

forth mitosis phase

A

telophase

26
Q

Prophase

A

a. Chromatin shortens and thickens (rods are visible).
b. Microtubules connect centrosomes (polar fibers).
c. Microtubules connect to chromosomes (kinetochore
fibers).
d. Chromosomes begin to move towards the cell’s equator.
e. Nuclear membrane begins to dissolve.

27
Q

Chromatin shortens and thickens (rods are visible).

A

prophase

28
Q

(polar fibers).

A

Microtubules connect centrosomes

29
Q

(kinetochore
fibers).

A

Microtubules connect to chromosomes

30
Q

Chromosomes begin to move towards the cell’s equator.

A

prophase

31
Q

Nuclear membrane begins to dissolve.

A

prophase

32
Q

Metaphase

A

a. Chromosomes are aligned along the equator.
b. Kinetochore fibers attach to centromeres on
chromosomes.
c. Phase ends when centromeres split and chromatids
begin to form single chromosomes.

33
Q

Chromosomes are aligned along the equator.

A

Metaphase

34
Q

Kinetochore fibers attach to centromeres on
chromosomes.

A

Metaphase

35
Q

Phase ends when centromeres split and chromatids
begin to form single chromosomes.

A

Metaphase

36
Q

Anaphase

A

The main event is the separation of chromosomes to
opposite poles.

37
Q

The main event is the separation of chromosomes to
opposite poles.

A

Anaphase

38
Q

Telophase

A

Chromosomes are at opposite poles.
b. Nuclear membrane reforms.
c. Other structures; centrosomes, fibers disappear.
d. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow begins during late
anaphase - region where the cell will split.
e. In plants, a cell plate forms since the cell wall is rigid.
f. Cytokinesis occurs.

39
Q

Chromosomes are at opposite poles.

A

Telophase

40
Q

Nuclear membrane reforms.

A

Telophase

41
Q

Other structures; centrosomes, fibers disappear.

A

Telophase

42
Q

In animal cells, a cleavage furrow begins during late
anaphase - region where the cell will split.

A

Telophase

43
Q

In plants, a cell plate forms since the cell wall is rigid.

A

telophase

44
Q

Cytokinesis occurs.

A

telophase

45
Q

it finishes

A

telophase

46
Q

it happens

A

anaphase

47
Q

it is about to happen

A

metaphase

48
Q

mitosis begins`

A

prophase

49
Q

final growth

A

G2

50
Q

G1

A

rest regroup, growth stage

51
Q

chromatin

A

invisible dna

52
Q

46 peices

A

human

53
Q

human

A

46

54
Q

autosomes for humans

A

44

55
Q

chromosomes

A

visible dna

56
Q

chomatids

A

half of a duplicated chromosomes

57
Q

haploid

A

half

58
Q

diploid

A

two

59
Q

homologous chromosomes in gamities

A

0

60
Q

homologous chromosomes in zygotes

A

yes

61
Q

centremeres

A

button connecting

Biology (11 decks)

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