Carbohydrates Flashcards
Sucrose
table sugar, disaccharide, composed of glucose + fructose, cane sugar, sugar beets, has 2 C-rings, common form is C12H22O11, condensation reaction is C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 +H2O
Table sugar
sucrose
glucose + fructose
Sucrose
cane sugar, sugar beets
Sucrose
C12H22O11
Sucrose
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 +H2O
Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose + water
Organic Molecules
contains carbon, molecules that come from living organisms
Monosaccharides
examples include glucose, fructose, galactose (sources plants, fruits, milk) monomers, C6H12O6 or C5H12O5, like all carbohydrates have CHO and H:O = 2:1
glucose
Monosachharides
fructose
Monosachharides
Galactose
Monosachharides
monomers
ex. monosaccharites
All carbohydrates have what?
CHO
C6H12C6
Monosachharides
C5H10O5
Monosachharitdes
H:O ratio for carbos
2:1
Monosachharides CHO ratio
1 2 1
Lactose
milk sugar, disaccharide, carbohydrate, composed of glucose + galactose, sources from milk 2 C-rings C12H22O11, C6H12O6 +C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 +H2O
Milk sugar
Lactose
glucose + galactose
Lactose
C12H22O11
Lactose
C6H12O6 +C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 +H2O
Glucose + galactose = Lactose + Water
Isomers
save molecular formula but diffrent structural formula
C6H12O6
Glucose, fructose, galactose
Hydrolysis
breaks large organic molecules into smaller molecules using water
Disaccharide
double sugar, includes lactose, sucrose and maltose, composed of 2 monosaccharides, has 2 C-rings. (ex. C12 H22O11, C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 + H2O
double sugar
disaccharide
Benidect’s solution
monosaccharides
Iodine
Polysaccharites
Mono test
Benidect
Poly test
Iodine
lactose, sucrose and maltose
Dissacharites
2 monosaccharides
Dissacharites
2 c rings
Dissacharites
C12H22O11
Dissacharites
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 = C12H22O11 + H2O
dissacharites
condensation reaction
building larger organic molecules from monomers (monosaccharides) producing water as a byproduct
Cellulose
type of polysaccharide, has 3+ monosaccharides combined through CRx, chains of glucose only, can not digest
cellulose
glucose
carbohydrate
group of organic molecules have CHO and H:O 2:1
Glycogen
animal starch, made of glucose chains, pollysacchratie
animal starch
glycogen
monomer
single building block for organic molecules, including monosaccharides (ex. glucose, fructose, galactose)
polysaccharides
has three or more monosaccharides (carbon rings) built by CRx (ex. glycogen, starch and cellulose…C18H32O16)
3+ mono
poly
3+ carbon rings
poly
glycogen, starch, cellulose
poly
C18H32O16
poly
starch
poly, 3+ glucose chains, from plants
poly plants
starch
glycogen, starch, cellulose what mono made of
chains of glucose
galactose
mono, from milk, C6H12O6, monomer, 1 C-ring, isomer of glucose and fructose
Glucose
monosaccharide, plants, C6H12O6, monomer, 1 C-ring, isomer of galactose and fructose
Fructose
mono, fruits, C6H12O6, a monomer, 1 C ring, isomer of glucose and galactose
Maltose
2 glucose
Glucose sturcutal formula
hex H are across
Galactose structural formula
hex H are diagnal
Frucotose
pentagon