Missed Pretest

Question 1

The case of Mugler v. Kansas found that while a person has the right to make alcohol for their own use, such a right can be conditioned on its effect on others. Which constitutional principle was tested in this case?

Answer 1

The US Supreme Court found that a Kansas prohibition law did not infringe on 14th Amendment rights and that the state legislature may exercise police powers.

Question 2

As a borderlands planner, you are working on a joint development proposal between a community in Texas and Mexico. The development proposal is presented in hectares. You are trying to calculate the project to ensure it meets the US side zoning regulations. How many acres are in one hectare?

Answer 2

A hectare is a metric unit of square measure.There are 2.47 acres in a hectare.

Question 3

As a planner for the regional planning agency, you are working on a food systems plan. You want to emphasize the importance of agricultural land to support the region’s food needs. You report that on a per household basis: it takes ________ acres of land to feed the U.S. population.

Answer 3

Two acres is sufficient to feed a household of four using the bio-intensive method of agriculture.

Question 4

As a growing suburban community, your city has had a difficult time keeping up with the demand for infrastructure. The City Council has asked you, as Planning Director, to come up with a plan to reduce the number of lots that become buildable each year. Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate to recommend?

Answer 4

A public facilities ordinance allows the city to determine when infrastructure will be extended and maintain an adequate level of service. New building permits would not be issued unless the infrastructure is adequate.

Question 5

Which of the following measures is the most commonly used for traffic volume?

Answer 5

Average daily traffic (ADT) volume is the number of vehicles that travel on a road in a typical day.

Question 6

As a resident of a struggling neighborhood, you want to make sure the homes around you are kept up. After your neighbor moved out, you start by mowing the lawn and generally keeping up the property. Over time you take occupancy of the property, making repairs, and allowing your son to live in the home. You then continuously occupy the property for a period of ten years. You decide that you want to have the property legally transferred into your name, and you put forward the argument that you are legally entitled to this property. This is known as:

Answer 6

Adverse possession is a method of acquiring title to a property by possession for a period of time, based on statute. Squatters rights are a specific form of adverse possession. Squatters typically do not have a right to the title of the property but cannot be removed without due process. While homesteading occurs when the land has no legal owner or is owned by the government, the government allows homesteading with an expectation that the person occupying the property will undertake specific actions to gain the title. Adverse abandonment is associated with acquiring land abandoned by a railroad.

Question 7

Which is a true statement about local planning agency management?

Answer 7

In PAS Report 582, “Local Planning Agency Management”, the authors argue that there is a need for professional accreditation of planning agencies. The report notes that accreditation already exists for park and recreation agencies, police departments, public health departments, and public schools.

Question 8

You work for the federal government and are focused on managing agricultural lands. You are preparing a report about land use generally in the US and the role of agriculture in the United States. Which of the following is true?

Answer 8

The US EPA reports on major trends in agriculture. Agriculture is the most frequent use of land in the United States with 1/5 of land used for crops and just under 1/3 used for livestock grazing. Because of urbanization the amount of land in agriculture is declining and there is a trend towards larger farm operations. Small family farms (less than $350,000 in GCFI) account for 90 percent of all U.S. farms.

Question 9

As the county’s economic development director you are looking for creative solutions to promote economic development in this largely agricultural county. You have convened a group of farmers to promote agritourism. Which of the following would be most effective?

Answer 9

Effective agritourism attracts consumers who wish to experience agriculture. Joint marketing and planning can expand the impact of agritourism in a community. In this case, encouraging direct economic benefit to farmers will be key, as well as having a clear destination for visitors.

Question 10

As a planner for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, you are responsible for air pollution management planning. You are coordinating with the state to ensure that there is coordination among the various local and regional plans as part of the state air pollution implementation plan. In your review, which of the following would you expect to be integrated?

Answer 10

States are required to develop a state implementation plan for air quality. These air quality plans must include the following: Provisions for ozone nonattainment areas, Provisions for carbon monoxide nonattainment areas, Provisions for particulate matter nonattainment, provisions for designated nonattainment for sulfur oxides, nitrogen dioxide, or lead. Transportation is a major source of air pollution - for example carbon monoxide, which is required to be addressed as part of the state implementation plan.

Question 11

Who was the first president of the American Society of Planning Officials?

Answer 11

Alfred Bettman was the first president of ASPO. Alfred Bettman (1873-1945) was one of the key founders of modern urban planning. Zoning, as we know it today, can be attributed to his successful arguments before the U.S. Supreme Court, which resulted in the 1926 decision in favor of the Village of Euclid, Ohio versus Ambler Realty Company. The concept of the “Comprehensive Plan,” as used in most cities across the U.S., was in no small part due to the work of Bettman and Ladislas Segoe on the “Cincinnati Plan.” Communities of all sizes across the U.S. may also thank Bettman for his part in creating the “Capital Improvements Budget.”

Question 12

mitai Etzioni proposed which of the following theories?

Answer 12

Etzioni proposed mixed scanning.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding regional planning agencies?

Answer 13

Area wide planning organizations are not a separate layer of government. A regional planning agency develops regional plans and reviews regional impacts and projects. In some cases a local government may transfer some local government powers to a regional agency, but that is not usually the case.

Question 14

An arterial street…

Answer 14

An arterial street limits direct access to homes and businesses

Question 15

Associated Home Builders of Greater East Bay v. City of Livermore dealt with which of the following issues?

Answer 15

The Associated Home Builders case was related to when building permits could be developed based on the availability of infrastructure.

Question 16

As the Economic Development Planner for your region, you are interested in attracting e-commerce firms. After researching what e-commerce firms need, you realize you need to create an effective marketing package. Which of the following would be least likely to be useful in marketing?

Answer 16

E-commerce companies need a well-educated workforce with web design skills. They prefer a region with utility competition, which results in lower costs for internet service. They prefer downtown offices and their workforce wants vibrant urban scenes and active nightlife.

Question 17

n a newly annexed area there is a desire by a developer to include a rural subdivision. The proposed development area has a portion in wetlands. In your review of the subdivision plat, you are concerned about the use of septic tanks given the proximity of the wetlands. You ask the developer to provide evidence that the soil is suitable for septic tanks and request that the public health department provide feedback.

Answer 17

An auger can be used to retrieve soil samples and then examined for the soil profiles.

Question 18

Which of the following tools would be most effective in ensuring that you maximize participation of those in attendance?

Answer 18

The state law would require that billboard advertising be discontinued for two years before the sign could be removed, and the ordinance as proposed would be illegal.

Question 19

A local group is petitioning the city to focus on biophilic design. You create a presentation for the city council about biophilic design. Which characteristic are you least likely to include?

Answer 19

Biophilic Design brings humans and nature together through sustainable strategies, which can include lighting, ventilation, access to water and natural elements.

Question 20

The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act (and most state zoning enabling statutes) authorized a board of adjustments to do which of the following:

Answer 20

Board of Zoning Adjustments act in a quasi-judicial manner and can grant variances and hear appeals. The enactment of the zoning ordinance and special exceptions are achieved through a legislative process with the planning commission.

Question 21

How might someone use bridging to communicate a clear message to the public?

Answer 21

Bridging is used to bring the conversation back to the central message when questions take you off topic.

Question 22

As a planner in an urban city you have a number of abandoned industrial sites. In your comprehensive plan you refer to these sites as

Answer 22

Brownfields are contaminated industrial sites.Greenfields refer to land that is not currently used for development.Grayfields are former development sites that are not contaminated.

Question 23

You have a written a proposed stream corridor protection ordinance which calls for a 50 foot setback from all stream corridors. As part of the staff report for the draft ordinance you want to include a map that illustrates the ordinance. To create the map you use a:

Answer 23

A buffer is a reclassification based on distance. Buffering measures distance outward in directions from an object, in this case a stream. Buffering can be done on three types of vector data - point, line, area.

Question 24

The city requires a building permit before construction can begin. This is an exercise of:

Answer 24

Police Power is the power of a government to impose what it considers reasonable restrictions on the liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order and safety. In the case of a building permit this is ensuring the safety of citizens.

Question 25

The downtown businesses owners have been repeatedly complaining to the city council to do something about the homeless on the street panhandling, the trash, and the general dirty appearance along the sidewalk. The City Council president has directed the planning staff to find a solution to this problem. After significant research you have come up with what you believe is the best solution. Which of the following is most appropriate?

Answer 25

All of the choices are possibilities and could be used to support an effort to improve downtown. The best choice is to implement a Business Improvement District, which would provide funds to clean the sidewalks, police the streets, and keep up the appearance of the downtown. A Business Improvement District is one where the property owners agree to an increase in the district’s tax rate. The revenue from the tax increase are used to fund improvements inside the district.

Question 26

The primary purpose of the Census is to provide the basis for which of the following?

Answer 26

While Census data is used for a variety of purposes, the primary purpose is to apportion seats for Congress.

Question 27

Which of the following most accurately describes how the US Census Bureau collects data through the American Community Survey?

Answer 27

The American Community Survey uses a series of monthly samples to produce annually updated estimates for the same census tract and block groups that used to be surveyed via the decennial census long-form sample. http://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology/design-and-methodology.html

Question 28

You have been working on a zoning ordinance amendment that allows for granny flats.As part of your staff report you reference recent census trends in multi-generational living. You report that the percentage of multigenerational households has grown from a low of 12 percent in 1980 to approximately ______ percent of households in 2021.

Answer 28

According to Pew Research Center, the share of the U.S. population living in multigenerational households in 2021 was 18%.

Question 29

The Zoning Ordinance was last overhauled more than 30 years ago. The ordinance has grown over time, and with all of the amendments it has become a confusing mess. You are currently reviewing the overlay districts. You discover you have an overlay district that is unusual and not typically found in other ordinances. Which of the following is the unusual overlay you discovered?

Answer 29

Central business districts are typically their own zoning district rather than an overlay.

Question 30

The State of Pennsylvania Supreme Court upheld the use of planned unit developments in which of the following cases?

Answer 30

The Court in 1968 found that planned unit developments are acceptable if the regulations focus on density requirements rather than specific rules for each lot.

Question 31

A new grocery store has been built on an arterial. You have been working with a neighborhood that is concerned about cut through traffic to and from the grocery store, which has resulted in both an increase in traffic volume and an increase in traffic speed.

Answer 31

A chicane is a short, shallow S-shaped turn that requires drivers to turn slightly left and then right again to stay on the road, which results in slowing speeds down. Chicanes are most effective when there are volumes of traffic that are similar from both approaches. While Diagonal parking can reduce traffic speeds, this is best applied in non-residential areas. Roundabouts are intended to slow traffic while increasing traffic efficiency. In this case there is not a desire to increase efficiency of traffic movement, thus we don’t want to encourage more traffic movements. While a speed hump could be used to slow traffic, they have to be placed continuously along a road to be effective. The best choice is a chicane in this case.

Question 32

Which U.S. Supreme Court case is considered a landmark ruling that made government agency decisions subject to judicial review and also spurred the creation of large numbers of citizens groups dedicated to environmental activism?

Answer 32

In the 1960s, Citizens to Preserve Overton Park filed suit against US Secretary of Transportation John Volpe after he announced plans to build Interstate 40 through Overton Park in Memphis. The suit claimed that he was violating section 4(f) of the Dept. of Transportation Act of 1966, which required the government to show there were no “feasible and prudent” alternatives to using public lands, such as parks when building freeways. In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of Citizens to Preserve Overton Park. This led to a considerable increase in grassroots environmental organizing.

Question 33

Which planning movement focused on reviving the civic center of a city in an attempt to attract the wealthy, eradicate social ills, and bring US cities into parity with their European counterparts?

Answer 33

City Beautiful sought to achieve these objectives.

Question 34

All of the following groups of planning philosophies came before the City Humane Movement, except:

Answer 34

The planning philosophies, City Efficient, City Beautiful, and Public Health came before the City Humane Movement. The City Humane Movement occurred in the 1930s.

Question 35

In this case, the respondent argued that the city had violated a telecommunications act by discriminating against a commercial enterprise:

Answer 35

City of Rancho Palos Verdes established that there are administrative procedures to remedy violations of the telecommunications act and that an individual cannot force compliance.

Question 36

Which of the following is true statements about the Civil Rights Act?

Answer 36

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned discrimination and segregation on the basis of race, religion, national origin and gender in the workplace, schools, public accommodations and in federally assisted programs. The Civil Rights Act of 1968 provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, creed, or national origin. The Fair Housing Act (FHA) is also known as Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

Question 37

Clarence Perry’s Neighborhood Unit Concept (1929) was published in which of the following plans?

Answer 37

The idea was to create complete neighborhoods that provided convenient access for residents to school and businesses.

Question 38

The Regional Planning Association of America sought to undertake major regional scale projects, such as the Appalachian Trail. Who is a co-founder of the Regional Planning Association of America?

Answer 38

Clarence Stein is a co-founder of the Regional Planning Association of America.

Question 39

Neighborhood advocates in a low-income economically depressed neighborhood have come to you as the planning director in a Florida city. They want your advice on organizing their community to support the expansion of a light rail line into their neighborhood. Which of the following would you advise?

Answer 39

In this case, bringing together organizations that support light rail to build a coalition would be most helpful. An open house could be used to inform the public about light rail. A public hearing could be used to express interest in the part of the city council. A visual preference survey would not be helpful because people don’t need to vote on pictures of light rail.

Question 40

Which of the following are elements of the potential goals of a coalition?

Answer 40

Coalitions often have goals as varied as coalitions themselves, but they often include one or more elements of influencing public policy, changing public behavior, and building healthy community. Building coalitions allows for individual groups with a common interest to work together towards their goal(s).

Question 41

To what level of government are regional councils or Councils of Government accountable to?

Answer 41

A COG or regional council is a multi-service entity that delivers a variety of federal, state, and local programs, and they are accountable to local units of government. They can also function as partners for state and federal governments.

Question 42

You are organizing a committee to consider the future renovation needs of schools throughout the school district. What would be the optimal committee size?

Answer 42

Agreement can become more difficult with a large number of members. Having at least 9 members ensures that all personality types are represented with a diversity of voices. A small committee can at times not bring a broad enough set of interests to the table. In this case you would want a mix of stakeholders, such as parents, neighbors, teachers, staff, administrators etc.

Question 43

As a planner, you have been working hard to try to resolve a conflict over development along a local river. The environmentalists want to stop all development, while the property owners want to be able to build whatever they would like. Local officials are concerned about water quality and the tax base. Which of the following would be most appropriate to use?

Answer 43

Consensus Building would bring together the stakeholders to work together to come to a solution. Coalition Building brings parties who agree together to promote an idea. A Town Hall Meeting is good to identify issues, but in this case, the issue is already known. Focus Groups might be useful in understanding the issue further but is not the best answer.

Question 44

Within your city’s extraterritorial jurisdiction there has been a rapid increase in the number of homes built with septic tanks. The city is concerned about the possibility of well water contamination. Which of the following would be the most appropriate regulatory technique?

Answer 44

Conservation zoning requires the clustering of homes while preserving open space. The subdivisions can be designed to protect well water areas by placing septic systems in other areas.

Question 45

Over the last ten years, a number of homes have been demolished by the city due to neglect. Every time you hold a public meeting, citizens bring up the importance of a building that is on the national register. The neighborhood organization has asked you to help them in applying to create a national historic district. Which of the following would be an important factor to consider in preparing an application?

Answer 45

The number of contributing buildings is critical. In this case, there is one building on the national register; but if this is the only nationally historic contributing building, it is unlikely that an application would be approved. Demolition of homes would not be prevented with a national register designation. The other choices are all relevant, however, the best answer is the number of contributing buildings.

Question 46

You have been working on a major transnational highway project that will connect Mexico to Canada and will run through your region. One critical issue has been identifying funding for this major national transportation project. In your review of potential funding sources, you recognize that CORBOR may be the ideal mechanism to fund this. CORBOR refers to:

Answer 46

The National Corridor Planning and Development Program and the Coordinated Border Infrastructure Program provided funding between 1999 and 2005, but was discontinued under The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act and the Coordinated Border Infrastructure Program. (http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/border_planning/corbor/)

Question 47

You have been asked to prepare a demographic profile for the economic development department. You are training an intern in demographics and you explain that the equation [(children + elderly)/(working age population)] is known as the:

Answer 47

The dependency ratio is a ratio of dependents, those who are younger than 15 and those older than 64, to represent the working age population. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working age population.

Question 48

You are preparing a zoning ordinance amendment that will include specific design criteria for new large scale retail development. In the staff report outlining the changes to the zoning ordinance you emphasize:

Answer 48

The legal basis for the zoning ordinance amendment is critical to include. Zoning for the purposes of aesthetics is a valid public purpose and the staff report should reflect any state statutes or other legal basis for putting in place these standards. While architecture character and quality of life are relevant in the report, the legal basis is the best answer.

Question 49

ou are working on a complex planned unit development project. This project includes more than 1,000 acres, of which a portion is unimproved – lacking infrastructure. As part of the county’s comprehensive plan there is a planned arterial roadway that will run through the property. As part of the land planning process, the county institutes a _______________ to ensure adequate infrastructure.

Answer 49

A development agreement can be used to clarify what infrastructure will be provided as part of a development. Impact fees can also be instituted to pay for off-site improvements, however since this improvement is on-site the better answer is a development agreement.

Question 50

You are the Planning Director for a suburban planning department. Your brother wants to purchase land for a new office tower and he asks you to advise him about the planning process. He also wants you to represent him before the City Council if a rezoning is needed. What should you do?

Answer 50

You can advise your brother about the planning process the same way that you would for any customer that would visit your office. The AICP Code of Ethics states, “We shall deal fairly with all participants in the planning process. Those of us who are public officials or employees shall also deal evenhandedly with all planning process participants.”

Question 51

As a sole practice consultant with expertise in aviation planning you have been seeking to grow your practice. At a recent networking event you met a non-profit who is interested in help undertaking a health indicators project. You indicate you would be a perfect fit and have strong interest in the topic. You have no experience or training on health indicators, but assume that you can learn over the course of the project. Would this represent a violation of the AICP Code of Ethics?

Answer 51

The AICP Code of Ethics states “We shall neither deliberately, nor with reckless indifference, misrepresent the qualifications, views and findings of other professionals.” In this case, because you as a sole practitioner have no experience in health indicators, describing yourself as a perfect fit misrepresents your qualifications.

Question 52

You are a senior planner with a major consulting firm. You are responsible for completing a request for proposal for a county that has requested that the firm prepare a zoning ordinance. You feel overwhelmed with projects and do not believe you will have time to adequately prepare the zoning ordinance if the firm receives the contract. What should you do?

Answer 52

Given this project is at the request for proposal stage, it is best not to submit a response to the request for proposal. If the workload became overwhelming after submitting the proposal and selection then it would be appropriate to talk to the county about the start date or hire another qualified planner or to withdraw at that time.

Question 53

The city is considering a new zoning requirement that would require a 10 foot setback from waterways. In preparing the ordinance amendment for presentation to the planning commission and city council you use which of the following to present a spatial analysis of the impact of the ordinance?

Answer 53

A Euclidean buffer measures the distance in two-dimensional Cartesian plan – that is straight line distances are calculated. This type of buffer works well when working at a city scale. A geodesic buffer accounts for the curvature of the earth and would be used when the map projection is at a large regional scale or global scale. A polygon connects specific points, because this is a standard distance from waterways a buffer makes more sense. A vector data model is an overarching term that would cover buffering, overlays, distance measurement and spatial statistics.

Question 54

What of these is not an example of a second proof point in a Message Pyramid?

Answer 54

This is an example of a first proof point that backs up the key message.

Question 55

The City Council is considering a proposal to annex 200 acres of land into the city. At a public hearing, citizens voice concerns that the city currently has a deficit and that the new development won’t generate enough tax revenue to pay for the needed police, fire, and solid waste services the city would have to provide for the area. Which cost analysis method would be most appropriate for the city planner to use to study the potential fiscal effects of the proposed annexation?

Answer 55

The purpose of fiscal impact analysis is to estimate the impact of a development or a land use change or a plan on the costs and revenues of governmental units serving the development. Cost-effectiveness analysis and Cost-benefit analysis usually refer to the evaluation of projects, policies or programs. The term costs of community services (COCS) is a broader term that uses fiscal impact analysis to determine whether various forms of land use contribute to or detract from local government budgets.

Question 56

As part of the region’s visioning process you have organized a Future Search. What task would NOT be involved?

Answer 56

Future Search is a 2 ½ day event designed to result in a common vision of the future. The event is organized into five tasks of approximately 3-4 hours each.

Question 57

The City is considering whether to spend $300,000 on a building addition this year. However, the city council is debating whether it makes more sense to spend the $300,000 now or to wait four years when the expected cost for the addition would be $500,000. You have been asked to provide a fiscal analysis that provides support for which would be the best choice. You assume a 10 percent discount rate. What is your recommendation to the council?

Answer 57

You recommend to the city council that they proceed with the addition now as the future value of the funds would not exceed the expected cost of the addition in four years.

Question 58

There are two main types of local governments. What is the key distinction?

Answer 58

Two types of local governments are 1) general-purpose local government, which includes counties and townships; and 2) single-purpose, which includes school districts and fire districts.

Question 59

What is a scientific measurement that tracks environmental conditions over time?

Answer 59

Environmental indicator is a scientific measurement that tracks environmental conditions over time.

Question 60

You have been the only planner in a small, but rapidly growing town. It is time to expand the staff. You sit down with the human resources director to create a plan for a staff that could grow to six people. Which of the following would be most appropriate to discuss as a starting point?

Answer 60

All of these are items to be discussed with the HR director; but initially, it would be best to start with a discussion of the classification scheme. This is about the kinds of employees you would have and the job titles they would have. Once you know the positions, you would then be better positioned to discuss recruitment, professional development, and performance assessment.

Question 61

You are the only planner on a rapidly developing town. You are undertaking the first comprehensive plan. You want to make sure you conduct a _______________ analyzing the geologic, hydrologic, soil, and other physical data to understand the potential for land development.

Answer 61

Land capability analysis allows the planner to understand the suitability of land for development.

Question 62

Which of the following are the sources of land use law in the United States?

Answer 62

Common law, the constitution, and statutes

Question 63

A representative from the League of United Latin American Citizens has come forward raising concerns about the lack of engagement in the Hispanic community. Which of the following is the reason that the representative gives as an example of her concern?

Answer 63

Elected officials are intended to represent the interests of their constituents. But this is a passive form of public engagement. The other responses represent active forms of public engagement. The League of United Latin American Citizens seeks to advance the economic condition, educational attainment and civil rights of Hispanics in the United States.

Question 64

What is a Message Pyramid?

Answer 64

The Message Pyramid is an approach to communicating clearly to the public. The Message Pyramid involves a concise key statement that creates an environment and belief system for the audience. This statement is followed by two pieces of evidence: one that supports the benefits of planning and one that amplifies the first using data or evidence.

Question 65

The notification process of your city requires that property owners within a one-quarter mile radius of a proposed project be notified about proposals under consideration for development approval. A proposal you are considering is located very close to the boundary of the city. What would be an appropriate way to handle the fact that many property owners within the one-quarter mile radius are located outside of the city’s jurisdiction?

Answer 65

There is no harm in notifying residents and property owners outside of your boundaries. Although the letter of the law means that you only need to give notice to the properties in your jurisdiction, you should not assume that residents outside of your jurisdiction are unaffected, or that staff from the other jurisdiction should make a determination without involving the affected properties.

Question 66

Oregon’s Measure 37 has had a significant impact on the ability of local governments to engage in land regulation. Which of the following is the best description of the Oregon law?

Answer 66

The best description of Oregon’s Measure 37 is a land owner to be compensated if the land regulation results in a devaluation of the property if they are the owner at the time the regulation was put in place.

Question 67

As the planner responsible for a neighborhood planning process you have undertaken a participatory process that allows the participants to assess project alternatives by weighing the alternatives according to a group of citizen goals. This is known as a:

Answer 67

A planning cell allows citizens to learn about, assess and choose between multiple alternatives. Planning cells is a method for deliberation developed by Dr. Dienel, and is designed to be a “micro-parliament.” In a planning cell, approximately twenty five people from various backgrounds work together to develop a set of solutions to a problem delegated to the participants by a commissioning body.

Question 68

You recently participated in a professional development workshop where you learned about social accounting matrices. How would you best use a SAM to support your work?

Answer 68

A social accounting matrix is a framework for organizing statistical data about the economy. It considers household income, household expenditures, input-output of industries, trade, taxes, government expenditures, investments, and savings. A SAM allows for an understanding of the economic actors and is a tool for understanding how policy changes could result in economic changes.

Question 69

You have been hired by the state department of agriculture to form a state food policy council that will work with key stakeholders across the state. You have recruited members and are setting the agenda for the year. Which of the following is least likely to be part of the agenda?

Answer 69

Many states have food policy councils focused on education and policy. Food policy councils typically avoid issues directly dealing with regulation, as these are managed by other organizations.

Question 70

Your development review team is reviewing the site plan for a proposed development and is concerned about drainage as well as the connectivity to surrounding developments. The team is spending this meeting focusing on analyzing the transportation aspects of the site plan. Which of the following is NOT usually true when describing the cross section of a street?

Answer 70

Roads are typically sloped up to a half-inch per foot in order to provide positive drainage. This is enough to ensure that the road does not collect water on its surface, which could present a significant chance for cars to hydroplane. One inch per foot of slope is more than is typically needed and would mean that the edges of the road would be one foot below its center, if a road is 24 feet wide.

Question 71

The city is focusing on the university district. The urban design strategy for the district is focused on adding pedestrian amenities. You encourage the addition of:

Answer 71

Street furniture includes benches, planting, trash receptacles, and physical elements that improve the way pedestrian experience the district.

Question 72

You are trying to identify land uses with a low average vehicle trip per unit. Based on the Quick Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters, which of the following would have the lowest number of average vehicle trips per unit?

Answer 72

Based on the Quick Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters, assisted living facilities would have the lowest number of average vehicle trips per unit.

Question 73

As the planner for a suburb you are seeking to focus on placemaking. In preparing the comprehensive plan you illustrate development alternatives including a scenario for transit oriented development. What is the walking radius that you show?

Answer 73

Half a mile is a typical standard for transit oriented development. Pedestrians will typically walk up to half a mile to reach transit or destinations.