Miscellaneous Flashcards
Diabetic ketoacidosis
: is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones.
: develops when your body is unable to produce enough insulin. Insulin normally plays a key role in helping sugar (glucose) — a major source of energy for your muscles and other tissues — enter your cells. Without enough insulin, your body begins to break down fat as an alternate fuel. This process produces a buildup of toxic acids in the bloodstream called ketones, eventually leading to ___ if untreated.
Epistaxis
Nose bleed
Icteric
Pre-, Post-
: of, relating to, or affected with jaundice
Cirrhosis
: a chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis.
: scarring of the liver and poor liver function. It is the final phase of chronic liver disease.
Antipyretic
an agent that reduces fever
Aspiration
: Removal by suction of fluid and cells through a needle.
: also refers to the accidental sucking in of food particles or fluids into the lungs.
Anaphylaxis
Most serious allergic effect; Life threatening
Anaphylaxis
Symptoms
- Respiratory distress,
- Sudden severe bronchospasm (spasm of bronchial smooth muscle producing narrowing of the bronchi),
- Cardiovascular collapse (general or specific failure of the circulation, either cardiac or peripheral in nature.
Anaphylaxis
Treatment
- vasopressors
- bronchodilators
- corticosteroids
- O2 therapy
- IV fluids
- antihistamines
Vasopressors
Causing the constriction of blood vessels.
Corticosteroids
:help reduce inflammation (anti-inflammatory), suppress the immune system (immunosuppressant), replace hormones that are not being produced by the body due to a health condition (replacement therapy).
:steroid hormones made by the outer portion (cortex) of the adrenal gland. 2 sets: glucocorticoids, produced in reaction to stress and also help in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins; mineralocorticoids, regulate the balance of salt and water within the body.
Antihistamines
Drugs that combat the histamine released during an allergic reaction by blocking the action of the histamine on the tissue. They do not stop the formation of histamine nor do they stop the conflict between the IgE and antigen. Therefore, do not stop the allergic reaction but protect tissues from some of its effects. They frequently cause mouth dryness and sleepiness. Newer “non sedating” ones are generally thought to be somewhat less effective. Side effects that very occasionally occur include urine retention in males and fast heart rate.
Histamine
a compound that is released by cells in response to injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries.
