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Medical Terminology > Cardio Labs > Flashcards

Cardio Labs Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Elevations indicate Myocardial Injury or Infarction

A

Cardiac Troponins

serum marker

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2
Q

a regulatory Protein found in Striated Muscle (skeletal & myocardial); Increased amounts release into bloodstream when infarction causes damage to Myocardium

A

Cardiac Troponins

serum marker

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3
Q

<0.20 ng/mL

A

Cardiac Troponins T

serum marker

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4
Q

<0.03 ng/mL

A

Cardiac Troponins I

serum marker

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5
Q

Elevation indicates MI

A

Myoglobin

serum marker

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6
Q

<90 mcg/L

A

Myoglobin

serum marker

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7
Q

an Oxygen-binding Protein that is found Striated (Cardiac & Skeletal) muscle, Releases Oxygen at very Low Tensions; Released into bloodstream with Any injury to muscle.

A

Myoglobin

serum marker

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8
Q

Elevations indicate possible Brain, Myocardial, & Skeletal muscle Necrosis or Injury.

A

(CK)
Creatine Kinase

(serum Cardiac enzyme)

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9
Q

Females 30-135 units/L

Males 55-170 units/L

A

(CK)
Creatine Kinase

(serum Cardiac enzyme)

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10
Q

Values higher after exercise

A

(CK)
Creatine Kinase

(serum Cardiac enzyme)

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11
Q

0% total

A

CK-MB (CK2)

serum Cardiac enzyme

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12
Q

Elevations occur w/ Myocardial Injury or After Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty & Intracoronary Streptokinase Infusion

A

CK-MB (CK2)

serum Cardiac enzyme

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13
Q

Enzyme found in muscle & brain tissue that reflects tissue catabolism resulting from cell Trauma.

A

CK

serum Cardiac enzyme

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14
Q

performed to detect myocardial or skeletal muscle damage or central nervous system damage

A

CK

serum Cardiac enzyme

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15
Q
  1. CK-MB
  2. CK-MM
  3. CK-BB
A
  1. CARDIAC muscle
  2. BRAIN tissue
  3. MUSCLES (skeletal)
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16
Q

400-1000 mg/dL

A

total lipids

Elevation indicates increased risk for Coronary Artery Disease

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17
Q

122-200 mg/dL

A

Cholesterol

144-280 mg/dL (Older adult)

(serum lipid)

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18
Q

Elevation indicates increased risk for CAD

A

Cholesterol

serum lipid

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19
Q

35-160 mg/dL

A

Trigylcerides

(serum lipid

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20
Q

Female: 35-135 mg/dL
Male: 40-60 mg/dL
Elderly: 55-260 mg/dL

A

Trigylcerides

(serum lipid

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21
Q

Elevation indicates increased risk for CAD

A

Trigylcerides

(serum lipid

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22
Q

Females >55 mg/dL
Males >45 mg/dL

(elderly: range increase w/ age)

A

HDL
High Density Lipoprotein

(serum lipid)

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23
Q

Elevations Protect Against CAD

A

HDL
High Density Lipoprotein

(serum lipid)

24
Q

60-180 mg/dL

>65 yr: 92-221 mg/dL

A

LDL
Low Density Lipoprotein

(serum lipid)

25
Q

Elevation indicates increased risk for CAD

A

LDL
Low Density Lipoprotein

(serum lipid)

26
Q

< 1.0 mg/dL

A

CPR
C-Reactive Protein

(serum lipid)

27
Q

Elevation may Indicate Tissue Infarction or Damage

A

CPR
C-Reactive Protein

(serum lipid)

28
Q

HDL
LDL
TRIGLYCERIDES

A

LIPID ASSESSMENT
>60
<150

29
Q

Synthesized in the liver from Fatty Acids, Protein, Glucose, & are obtained from Diet.

A

Triclycerides

30
Q

risk for CAD

A

> LDL

>Triglycerides

31
Q

helps protect against CAD

A

HDL

32
Q

are used to identify clients w/ HF

A 
Natriuretic Peptides
(Neuroendocrine Peptides)
33
Q

synthesized in Cardiac Atrial Muscle

A

ANP

Atrial Natriuretic Peptides

34
Q

synthesized primarily in Cardiac Ventricle muscle

A

BNP

Brain Natriuretic Peptides

35
Q

synthesized by Endothelial cells

A

CNP

C-type Natriuretic Peptides

36
Q

Primary Marker for identifying HF as the cause of Dyspnea

A

BNP

37
Q

The higher the BNP level, the more severe the

A

HF.

If the BNP level is elevated, Dyspnea is due to HF; If Normal, Dyspnea is due to Pulmonary Problem

38
Q

Is released in response to ventricular Stretch; serves as a marker for HF

A

BNP

39
Q

<100 pg/mL

A

BNP

The Higher the levels, the more severe the HF

40
Q

an elevation indicates Myocardial Damage

30-170/ 0% of Total

A

CK-MB

Creatine Kinase, Myocardial Muscle

41
Q

Increases Atherosclerotic Plaques & Increases Clots; Values should be < 30 mg/dL

A

Lp (a)
Lipoprotein-a
Modified form of LDL

42
Q

Detects an Inflammatory Process such as that associated w/ the development of Atherothrombosis

A

hsCRP

highly sensitive C-Reactive Protein

43
Q 
low risk ( 3 mg/dL)
For Heart Disease
A

hsCRP

highly sensitive C-Reactive Protein

44
Q

Elevated levels may increase risk of Cardiovascular disease; should be < 14 mmol/dL

A

Homocysteine

45
Q

small amount of protein in urine has been a marker for Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Disease

A

Microalbuminuria

46
Q

Decreases in Rheumatic Heart Disease & Infective Endocarditis

A

Red Blood Cell Count

47
Q

Increases in conditions characterized by inadequate Tissue Oxygenation

4.2-6.1 mill/uL

A

Red Blood Cell Count

F: 4.2-5.4
M: 4.7-6.1

48
Q

Increases in Infectious & Inflammatory diseases of the Heart & after MI because large numbers are needed to dispose of the Necrotic Tissue resulting from the Infection

5000-10,000 /mm3

A

White Blood Cell Count

49
Q

Can result from vascular Volume Depletion

37%-52%

A

Elevated Hematocrit

F: 37-47%
M: 42-52%

50
Q

can indicate anemia

A

Decreases in Hemoglobin & Hematocrit levels

51
Q

An increase can occur during & after MI, which places the client at greater risk for thrombophlebitis & extension of Clots in coronary Arteries

A

Increase in Coagulation factors

52
Q

12-18 g/dL

A

Hemoglobin

F: 12-16 g/dL
M: 14-18 g/dL

53
Q

150,000-400,000 /mm3

A

platelets

54
Q

11-12.5 sec

A

PT

Prothrombin Time

55
Q

0.8-1.1

A

INR

56
Q

Increased time indicates possible deficiency of clotting factors V & VII.
Decrease time may indicate Vitamin K excess.

A

PT/ INR

Vit K clots (antidote)

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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