Cardio 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Failure of the Heart to Pump Adequately, thereby reducing CO & compromising tissue perfusion.
Necrosis of more than 40% of L-Ventricle (result of occlusion of major coronary vessels).

A

Cardiogenic Shock

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2
Q

Maintain Tissue Oxygenation & Perfusion & Improve Pumping ability of the heart.

A

Cardiogenic Shock

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3
Q

Acute or chronic inflammation of pericardium.

A

Pericarditis

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4
Q

Constricts the Heart, Causing Compression.

Pericardial sac becomes inflamed.

A

Chronic Pericarditis (chronic inflammatory thickening of pericardium)

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5
Q

can result in loss of pericardial elasticity or an accumulation of fluid within the sac.
HF or Cardiac Tamponade may result.

A

Pericarditis.

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6
Q

Acute or Chronic Inflammation of Myocardium as result of Pericarditis, Systemic Infection, or Allergic Response.

A

Myocarditis

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7
Q

Inflammation of the Inner lining of the Heart & Valves

A

Endocarditis

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8
Q

occurs primarily in:
IV drug abusers,
Valve Replacements or Repairs w/ Prosthetic Materials,
Other Structural Cardiac defects.

A

Endocarditis

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9
Q

Oral Cavity (dental procedures),
Infections (cutaneous, genitourinary, GI, systemic),
Surgery or Invasive Procedures including IV placement.

A

Ports of entry for infecting organism: Endocarditis

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10
Q

occurs when space between Parietal & Visceral layers of Pericardium fills w/ fluid.

A

pericardial effusion (risk for Cardiac Tamponade)

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11
Q

accumulation of Fluid in pericardial cavity

A

Cardiac Tamponade

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12
Q

restricts Ventricular filling & CO drops

A

Cardiac Tamponade

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13
Q

can occur when small volumes (20-50 mL) of fluid accumulate rapidly in Pericardium

A

Acute Cardiac Tamponade

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14
Q

Occurs when Heart Valves cannot fully open (stenosis) or Close Completely (insufficiency / regurgitation).
Prevents efficient blood flow through the heart

A

Valvular Heart Disease

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15
Q

Valvular tissue Thickens & Narrows the valve Opening, Preventing Blood from Flowing from the Left Atrium to Left Ventricle

A

Mitral Stenosis

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16
Q

Valve is Incompetent, Preventing complete valve closure during systole

A

Mitral insufficiency/Regurgitation

17
Q

valve leaflets protrude into L-Atrium during Systole

A

Mitral valve prolapse

18
Q

Valvular tissue Thickens & narrows the valve opening, Preventing blood from flowing from Left Ventricle into Aorta

A

Aortic Stenosis

19
Q

Valve is incompetent, preventing complete valve closure during Diastole

A

Aortic Insufficiency / Regurgitation

20
Q

(associated w/ an inflammatory process)

When developed, inflammation occurs, thickening the vein wall & leading to embolization.

A

Thrombus: Venous Thrombosis

21
Q

more serious than a superficial thrombophlebitis because of risk for PE

A

Deep Vein Thrombophlebitis

22
Q

chronic disorder in which Partial or Total Arterial Occlusion Deprives lower extremities of Oxygen & Nutrients

A

Peripheral Artery Disease

23
Q

Tissue damage occurs below the level of the Arterial Occlusion.
Artherosclerosis is the most Common cause.

A

Peripheral Artery Disease

24
Q

abnormal dilation of Arterial wall caused by localized weakness & stretching in Medial Layers of wall of Aorta; Can be located anywhere along abdominal aorta

A

Aortic Aneurysms

25
goal of tx is to limit progression of disease by modifying risk factors, controlling BP to prevent strain, recognizing symptoms early to prevent rupture
Aortic Aneurysms
26
120-139/80-89
Prehypertension
27
Stage 1 Hypertension
140-159/90-99
28
Stage 2 Hypertension
160/100
29
Major risk factor for Coronary, Cerebral, Renal, & Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hypertension
30
disease is initially asymptomatic
Hypertension
31
Any clinical condition requiring immediate reduction in BP; Acute & Life-threatening condition
Hypertensive Crisis
32
requires emergency tx b/target organ damage (brain, heart, kidneys, retina) can occur quickly
Hypertensive Crisis
33
Death can be caused by stroke, kidney failure, or cardiac disease
Hypertensive Crisis