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Medical Terminology > Cardio 1 > Flashcards

Cardio 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Rhythm originates from Sinoatrial Node;

Atrial & Ventricular rates are

A

60-100 b/m

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2
Q

Multiple rapid Impulses form many Foci Depolarize in the Atria in a Totally Disorganized Manner at a Rate of 350-600 times/min

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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3
Q

Atria Quiver, Can lead to formation of Thrombi

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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4
Q

No definitive P -Wave, only fibrillatory waves before each QRS

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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5
Q

Oxygen, Anticoagulants (risk of emboli), cardiac meds to control ventricular rhythm & assist in maintenance of CO, Cardioversion, meds to control dysrhythmia.

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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6
Q

Early Ventricular Complexes result from Increased Irritability of the Ventricles

A

PVCs

Premature Ventricular Contractions

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7
Q

Can occur in repetitive patterns: bigeminy (q other Hbeat), trigeminy (q 3rd Hbeat), quadrigeminy (q 4rth Hbeat); Or Unifocal (Upward/Downward deflection), Multifocal (diff shapes, impulses in different sites)

A

PVCs

Premature Ventricular Contractions

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8
Q

Evaluate SpO2 to assess for Hypoxemia

A

Can cause PVCs

administer O2

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9
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Can cause PVCs

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10
Q

Repetitive Firing of an Irritable Ventricular Ectopic focus at a rate of 140-250 bpm

A

VT

Ventricular Tachycardia

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11
Q

May present as a Paroxysm of 3 self-limiting beats or more or may be a sustained rhythm

A

VT

Ventricular Tachycardia

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12
Q

Can lead to Cardiac Arrest

A

VT

Ventricular Tachycardia

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13
Q
  1. oxygen

2. antidysrhythmics

A

Stable / sustained VT (Pulse, no S/S of < CO)

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14
Q
  1. oxygen
  2. antidysrhythmics
  3. Synchronized Cardioversion (unstable)
  4. Cough Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), cough hard q 1-3 sec
A

Unstable/ VT (Pulse, S/S of <CO)

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15
Q

Defibrillation & CPR

A

Pulseless w/ VT

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16
Q

Impulses from many irritable foci in Ventricles fire in disorganized manner; chaotic rapid rhythm in which ventricles quiver & there is no Cardiac Output

A

VF

Ventricular Fibrillation

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17
Q

Fatal if not successfully terminated within 3-5 min; absent Pulse, BP, RR, H-Sounds

A

VF

Ventricular Fibrillation

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18
Q
  1. CPR
  2. O2
  3. AntiDysrhythmic therapy
A

VF

Ventricular Fibrillation

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19
Q

Induce vagal stimulation of Cardiac Conduction System & are used to Terminate Supraventricular Tachydysrhythmias

A

Vagal Maneuvers

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20
Q

bear down or induce gag reflex to stimulate vagal response; Monitor HR, Rhythm, BP, Aspiration Precautions

A

valsalva maneuver

21
Q

Synchronized Countershock to Convert an Undesirable rhythm to a stable rhythm

A

Cardioversion

22
Q

for stable tachydysrhythmias resistant to medical therapies or an Emergent procedure for hemodynamically Unstable ventricular or supraventricular tachydysrhythmias

A

Cardioversion

23
Q

Asynchronous countershock used to terminate Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) or VF

A

Defibrillation

resume CPR, 5 Cycles or 2 min, shock as necessary if VF or pulseless VT continues

24
Q

Temporary or Permanent Device that Provides Electrical Stimulation & Maintains the HR when the Client’s Intrinsic Pacemaker fails to Provide a Perfusing Rhythm

A

Pacemakers

25
Q

Internal Pulse generator, Surgically Implanted in subQ pocket below Clavicle

A

Permanent Pacemakers

26
Q

Leads passed transvenously via cephalic or Subclavian vein to Endocardium on R side of Heart; Post-op limitation of arm movement on operative side required to prevent lead wire dislodgement

A

Permanent Pacemakers

27
Q

Single-Chambered : lead wire placed in chamber to be paced.

Dual-Chambered: lead wires placed in both R Atrium & Ventricle

A

Permanent Pacemakers

28
Q

Biventricular pacing of ventricles allows for synchronized depolarization & is used for moderate to severe HF to improve CO

A

Permanent Pacemakers

29
Q

causes decreased perfusion of myocardial tissue & inadequate myocardial oxygen supply; leads to: HypErtension, Angina, Dysrhythmias, MI, HF, & Death

A

CAD

30
Q

Narrowing/ Obstruction of one or more coronary arteries from atherosclerosis (accumulation of lipid-containing plaque in arteries)

A

CAD

31
Q

More than one artery supplying a muscle w/ blood, normally present in coronary arteries & older adults

A

Collateral Circulatio

32
Q

symptoms occur when coronary artery is occluded to the point that inadequate blood supply to muscle occurs, causing ischemia

A

CAD

33
Q

goal of tx is to alter atherosclerotic progression

A

CAD

34
Q
  1. Chest Pain
  2. Palpitations
  3. Dyspnea
  4. Syncope
  5. Cough/ Hemoptysis (spitting up blood)
  6. Excessive Fatigue
A

CAD

35
Q

ECG (Electrocardiogram) shows: ST-segment Depression &/or T-wave Inversion

A

Ischemia from reduced blood flow in CAD

36
Q

ECG (Electrocardiogram) shows: ST-segment Elevation, followed by T-Wave Inversion & Abnormal Q-Wave

A

Infarction

37
Q

in CAD/ ischemia/ infarction, this provides definitive source for diagnosis; shows presence of atherosclerotic lesions

A

Cardia Catheterization

38
Q

elevated Blood Lipid Levels

A

CAD

39
Q

Low calorie, sodium, cholest., fat diet ++ Fiber

A

CAD

40
Q

to compress plaque against wall of artery & dilate vessel (CAD + Angina)

A

PTCA (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

41
Q

to vaporize plaque (CAD + Angina)

A

laser angioplasty

42
Q

to Remove plaque from artery (in CAD + Angina)

A

Atherectomy

43
Q

to prevent artery from closing & prevent restenosis (in CAD + Angina)

A

Vascular stent (bare metal or drug-eluting)

44
Q

to Improve blood flow to Myocardial Tissue at risk for ischemia or infarction b/of occluded artery (in CAD + Angina)

A

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

45
Q

to Dilate coronary arteries & Decrease Preload & Afterload

A

Nitrates

CAD + Angina

46
Q

to Dilate coronary arteries & Reduce Vasospasm

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

CAD + Angina

47
Q

to reduce development of Atherosclerotic plaques

A

Cholesterol-Lowering medications

CAD + Angina

48
Q

to reduce BP in Hypertensive individuals

A

B-Blockers

CAD + Angina

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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