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Medical Terminology > Cardio Meds > Flashcards

Cardio Meds Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

x

A

b. Digoxin
c. Anti- arrhythmias
d. HTN
ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
e. Morphine
f. Statins
g. Nitrates
h. Diuretics
i. Anticoagulants
j. Stool softeners

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2
Q

x

A

Digoxin

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3
Q

inhibit abnormal pathways of electrical conduction through the heart

A

Anti-Arrhythmics

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4
Q

Thiazide diuretics
Loop diuretics
Potassium-retaining diuretics

A

Antihypertensives

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5
Q

prevent peripheral vasoconstriction by Blocking Conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II (AII)

A

Ace-Inhibitors

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6
Q

Tx HTN & HF

avoid K+ anything

A

ACE & ARBs

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7
Q

also used for their cardioprotective effect after MI

A

ACE

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

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8
Q

prevent peripheral vasoconstriction & secretion of Aldosterone & block binding of AII to type 1 AII receptors

A

ARBs

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

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9
Q

Decrease cardiac contractility (negative inotropic effect by relaxing smooth muscle) & workload of the heart, decreasing need for oxygen

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

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10
Q

promote vasodilation of coronary & peripheral vessels

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

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11
Q

Angina
Dysrhythmias
HTN

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

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12
Q

Caution w/ HF, Bradycardia, & AV block

A

Calcium Channel Blockers

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13
Q 
MI
Unstable Angina
Atrial Fibrillation
DVT
PE
Presence of Mechanical Heart valves
A

Anticoagulants (when evidence or likelihood of clot formation)

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14
Q

Activate plasminogen.

Plasminogen generates plasmin (enzyme that dissolves clots)

A

Thrombolytics

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15
Q

used in early course of MI to restore blood flow, limit MI damage, preserve L-ventricular function, & prevent death

A

Thrombolytics

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16
Q

Arterial Thrombosis
DVT
Occluded shunts or Catheters
PE

A

Thrombolytics

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17
Q

inhibit sodium-potassium pump, thus increasing intracellular calcium, which causes the heart muscle fibers to contract more efficiently

A

Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

18
Q

Produces a positive inotropic action, which increases force of Myocardial infarctions.
Produces a Negative dromotropic, which slows HR & slows conduction velocity through AV node.

A

Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

19
Q

Increase myocardial Contractility increases Cardiac, Peripheral, & Kidney function by increasing CO, Decreasing Preload, improving blood flow to periphery & kidneys, decreasing Edema & increasing fluid excretion resulting in decreased fluid retention in lungs & extremities

A

Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

20
Q 
HF
Cardiogenic Shock
Atrial Tachycardia
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial flutter
A

Digoxin (Cardiac Glycoside)

21
Q

Antianginal medications;

produce Vasodilation

A

Nitrates

22
Q

Decrease Preload & Afterload & Reduce Myocardial Oxygen Consumption

A

Nitrates (Antianginal)

23
Q

Contraindications:

Significant Hypotension, Increased Intracranial Pressure, Severe Anemia, combined w/ erectile dysfunction tx.

A

Nitrates (Antianginal)

24
Q

prevent the Extension & Formation of Clots by Inhibiting Factors in the Clotting Cascade & Decreasing Blood Coagulability.

A

Anticoagulants

25
Q

Inhibit aggregation of Platelets in the clotting process, thereby prolonging bleeding time.

A

Antiplatelets (may be used w/ anticoagulants)

26
Q

used in prophylaxis of long-term complications following mI, Coronary Revascularization, Stents, (stroke)

A

Antiplatelets

27
Q

inhibit response to B-adrenergic stimulation, decreasing CO

A

Beta Blockers

28
Q

block release of catecholamines, epinephrine, & norepinephrine, Decreasing HR & BP

A

Beta Blocker

29
Q

Decrease workload of the heart & decrease oxygen demands

A

Beta Blockers

30
Q 
Angina
Dysrhythmias
HTN
Migraine Headaches 
MI prevention
Glaucoma
A

Beta Blockers

31
Q

reduce serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, or low-density lipoprotein (elevations increase risk for CAD)

A

Statin (antilipemic)

32
Q

In many cases, diet alone will not lower blood lipid levels, medication is needed

A

Statin (antilipemic

33
Q

Increase Na+ & water Excretion by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule of the kidney

A

thiazide diuretics

34
Q

Used for:
Hypertension
Peripheral Edema
(not effective for immediate diuresis)

A

Thiazide Diuretics

35
Q

Contraindicated in Renal Failure

A

Thiazide Diuretics

36
Q

Inhibit Na+ & Chloride reabsorption from loop of Henle Distal Tubule

A

Loop Diuretics

37
Q

More potent; Cause Rapid diuresis decreasing Vascular fluid volume, CO, & BP

A

Loop Diuretics

38
Q

cause water & electrolyte depletion , increase uric acid levels, & excretion of calcium

A

Loop Diuretics

39
Q 
For:
HTN
Pulmonary Edema
Edema associated w/ HF
Hypercalcemia
Renal Disease
A

Loop Diuretics

40
Q

act on distal tubule to promote Na+ & water excretion & K+ retention

A

Potassium-Retaining diuretics

41
Q

For:
Edema.
HTN.
to Increase Urine Output.
Tx fluid Retention & Overload associated w/ HF.
Ascites resulting from cirrhosis or nephrotic syndrome.
Diuretic-induced Hypokalemia.

A

Potassium-Retaining diuretics

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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