Mining Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

what is mining

A

the extraction of minerals and metals from earth

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2
Q

importance of mining

A

Bronze Age - sophisticated
Iron Age - steel replace bronze, essential for blades
19th century - plows

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3
Q

types of mining

A
  • underground (deep)
  • surface mines (ruins land)
  • placer mining (eg.rivers)
  • in situ (leach)
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4
Q

are we running low on materials

A

yes - end of ipad

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5
Q

what are rare earth element s used for and whats the issue

A

in short supply, needed for alot of high tech things

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6
Q

where is there alot of minerals

A

not much in uk (empire helped us)

australia and china have alot

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7
Q

why is china the place alot of tech is made

A

cus it has alot of rare earth materials

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8
Q

USA coal mining

A
  • lots of type of coal
  • associated with cretaceous period
  • can have bad stuff in like sulphur
  • america has high density mining
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9
Q

are we running out of copper?

A

yes. and we use it for alot

- amount extracted is increasing but the amount discovered cunt keep up

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10
Q

what year is peak production of fossil fuels

A

2025

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11
Q

when will coal production keep rising till

A

2050

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12
Q

will we run out of oil?

A

no, but it’ll get so expensive that it won’t be used as much. so companies are moving to alternatives

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13
Q

how ling will alluminium last

A

510+yrs

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14
Q

how long will iridium last?

A

13yrs

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15
Q

what does mining impact on

A
  • envt
  • communities
  • livilhood
  • health and afety
  • cuture
  • corruption
  • human rights
  • employment
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16
Q

is most mined material dumped locally?

17
Q

when did mine disasters peak?

18
Q

is mine waste dangerous

A

yes. often toxic, corrosive or radioactive

19
Q

impact of uncontrolled release of mine waste

20
Q

when did wheal Jane close

21
Q

after wheal Jane was closed

A

shafts flooded

contaminate water

22
Q

what does contemporary mining focus on

A

extraction of lower grade ores

23
Q

how much human induced erosion sediment and suspended solids are there in the water

24
Q

2 approaches to be adopted to rehabilitate contaminated land

A

remove of contaminants

modify local envt

25
restoring a mined site
underground - mange water and treat chemically if need | surface - land sculpture, soil establishment, vegetation
26
historic minig
hazards. empires success due to it. occurred since prehistory. waste has accumulated. past methods were less efficient. toxic elements were used to extract. no envtl laws
27
what is in high conc in cornwall
arsenic
28
what % of solids exceeded national standard of 37ppm in cornwall
69%