Minerals (Advanced Info)

Question 1

Function of sodium

Answer 1

To regulate bodily fluids

Question 2

Function of calcium

Answer 2

Needed for normal growth in children
Builds strong bones and teeth
Helps the clotting of blood
Helps the working of muscles
Works with vitamin D and phosphorus to help maintain strong bones and teeth

Question 3

Function of phosphorus

Answer 3

Works with calcium
Also builds strong bones and teeth
Helps clotting of blood
Helps the working of muscles

Question 4

Function of iron

Answer 4

Needed to make haemoglobin in the blood

Question 5

Sources for sodium

Answer 5

Salt, salty foods, bacon and cheese

Question 6

Sources of calcium

Answer 6

Milk, cheese, leafy green veg, tinned fish

Added to bread flour and breakfast cereals

Question 7

Sources of phosphorus

Answer 7

Present in all foods

Question 8

Sources of iron

Answer 8

Liver, meat, egg yolk, pulses, dried fruit

Added to flour and breakfast cereals

Question 10

Effects of a sodium deficiency

Answer 10

Muscle weakness, low blood pressure, nausea

Question 11

Effects of a calcium deficiency

Answer 11

Softening of bones
Poor health
Osteoporosis- a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone. Bones become weak and break

Question 12

Effects of an iron deficiency

Answer 12

Anaemia, tiredness, breathlessness, palpitations

Question 13

Function of fluoride

Answer 13

Strengthens teeth against decay

Question 14

Deficiency of fluoride

Answer 14

Tooth decay

Question 15

Good sources of fluoride

Answer 15

Fish, tea, drinking water, toothpaste

Question 16

Function of iodine

Answer 16

Needed to make thyroid hormones - to control the metabolic rate of the body

Question 17

Deficiency of iodine

Answer 17

Leads to reduction in amount of thyroxine hormone produced, leading to tiredness and weight gain.
The thyroid gland in the neck swells

Question 18

Good sources of iodine

Answer 18

Fish, milk and dairy foods