Dietary Needs Of Different Groups Of People Flashcards
Define an ‘infant’
0-1 years
Define a ‘toddler’
1-3 years
Who are the ‘gatekeepers’ in terms of diet for infants?
Parents/guardians
What does national research suggest about the diet of infants?
Excess of sugar in the diet
Lack of fruit and veg
Salt intakes are also quite high
What is meant by ‘weaning’
The gradual process of introducing a child from soft foods to solid foods whilst drawing away from breast-feeding
What is Alison Black’s feeding pattern?
Stage 1 - milk diet: Babies receive most nutrients needed from milk
Stage 2- puréed foods: More nutrients needed that are not found in milk
Stage 3 - puréed + handheld foods: Introduced to soft biscuit type foods
Stage 4 - family meals: Introduced to solid foods in family meals
Nutritional considerations for infants:
Frequent meals in small amounts Wheat/gluten is not recommended Not too much sugar Drinking hard water is recommended Shark, swordfish and marlin should be avoided
Dietary considerations for infants
Brightly coloured plates
Intervening different shapes
What is essential for a woman’s diet before and during pregnancy?
It is essential that they have a varied diet, providing adequate amounts of energy and nutrients
How can body weight affect pregnancy?
Being underweight can make it more difficult to conceive. It can also make it more likely that the baby will have a low birth weight, leading to a greater risk of ill health.
Being overweight increases the risk of complications such as high blood pressure and diabetes during pregnancy.
Why is folate needed in a diet of a pregnant woman?
Folate is needed for rapid cell division and growth in the foetus that takes place during pregnancy.
It has been shown to reduce the chance of neural tube defects such as spina bifida in the unborn baby.
What amount of folic acid should pregnant women have?
400micrograms of folic acid everyday from the time of conception to at least the 12th week of pregnancy.
During pregnancy, a woman’s nutritional needs increase to:
Help the growth of breasts, uterus and placenta
Meet the needs of the growing foetus
Lay down stores of nutrients to help the growth of the foetus, and in the mother for lactation
How does the body adapt during pregnancy?
The body becomes more efficient at absorbing and using nutrients from food.
What can gaining too much weight do during pregnancy?
Gaining too much weight during pregnancy can raise the mother’s blood pressure and increase her risk of being overweight or having diabetes.
What is the average total weight gain after pregnancy?
12.5kg
What nutritional factors should be considered in pregnant women?
Reductions in fat and sugar Increase fruit, veg, pulses and whole grains Decrease tea and coffee Increase NSP and fluids Small but frequent meals Avoid spicy foods
How long is pregnancy?
On average, it is between 37 weeks and 41 weeks
Why should newborn babies not be over fed?
Babies are not to be over fed from bottle feeding as this causes hypernatremia
Definition of ‘child’
5-12 years old
Definition of adolescent
13-19 years old
Important considerations when planning a child’s diet
Income Nutrition BMI Health conditions Allergens Preferences Religion
What were the findings of the National Diet and nutrition Survey for children?
Lots of NME sugars Lack of fruit and veg Lack of iron Not a lot of wholegrain starch Lack of soluble fibre
What nutrients do adolescents especially need during puberty?
Protein Energy Iron Calcium B vitamins Zinc
