Milankovitch

Question 1

what varies the energy received at the TOP OF THE ATMOSPHERE

Answer 1

if the motion of the Earth relatives to the sun is NOT CONSTANT

Question 2

what did the 3 variations in the Earth’s orbit result in

Answer 2

a 5% variation in the energy received

Question 3

where is the 5% variation in energy received very noticeable

Answer 3

at high latitudes

Question 4

the three variations in the Earth’s orbit

Answer 4

1. eccentricity of the orbit (stretch)
2. change in the tilt of the axis of rotation (roll)
3. precession of the equinoxes (wobble)

Question 5

stretch AKA

Answer 5

Eccentricity of the orbit

Question 6

what variation in the Earth’s orbit is this
90 000 year cycle

Answer 6

The eccentricity of the orbit (stretch)

Question 7

The eccentricity of the orbit (stretch)

Answer 7

orbit changes from nearly circular to more elliptical

Question 8

in the eccentricity of the orbit (stretch), what is associated with a more circular orbit

Answer 8

a constant amount of radiation received through the year

Question 9

The eccentricity of the orbit (stretch), what is associated with a more elliptical orbit

Answer 9

more variation in the sunshine received

Question 10

what does greater eccentricity cause in terms of hemispheres

Answer 10

greater seasonality in ONE hemisphere and REDUCED in the other

Question 11

what variation of Earth’s orbit is this
41 000 year cycle

Answer 11

change in the tilt of the axis of rotation

Question 12

what variation of Earth’s orbit is this
22 000 year cycle

Answer 12

Precession of the equinoxes (wobble)

Question 13

present tilt of axis rotation

Answer 13

23.4 degrees

Question 14

the change in the tilt of the axis of rotation varies from

Answer 14

22 degrees to 24.4 degrees

Question 15

greater tilt causes in regards to hemisphers

Answer 15

greater seasonality in BOTH hemispheres

Question 16

no tilt would mean _____

Answer 16

no seasons

Question 17

what happens to the arctic circle with an increased axial tilt

Answer 17

it increases and there is more seasonality

Question 18

when the tilt is decreased polar regions receive _____ sunlight

Answer 18

less

Question 19

when tilt is increased, polar regions received ____ sunlight

Answer 19

more

Question 20

precession of the equinoxes

Answer 20

affects the timing of aphelion and perihelion relative to the seasons

Question 21

earth is closest to sun _____ and farthest ____

Answer 21

Jan 3 and July 4

Question 22

precession of the equinoxes and how it affects the hemispheres

Answer 22

NH
winters are milder and summers cooler

SH
winters are colder and summers warmer

Question 23

according to the precession of the equinoxes, there is _____ seasonality in the SH

Answer 23

more

Question 24

according to the precession of the equinoxes, there is _____ seasonality in the NH

Answer 24

less

Question 25

Precession of the equinoxes affects the two hemispheres _____ (the same or different)

Answer 25

differently

Question 26

what was true 10 000 years ago in regards to the farthest and closest to the sun

Answer 26

it was reversed, July was the closest earth was to the sun

Question 27

what can the 3 orbital cycles explain

Answer 27

the overall pattern of warming and cooling

Question 28

what can the 3 orbitals NOT explain

Answer 28

the speed of onset and end of glacial periods

Question 29

true or false
there must be internal feedback mechs to amplify the external orbital changes

Answer 29

true

Question 30

what is the range of eccentricity

Answer 30

20%

Question 31

what does the precession of the equinoxes work with to determine which hemisphere has more seasonality and which has less

Answer 31

eccentricity

Question 32

Milankovitch theory results in

Answer 32

a 96 000 year climatic cycle through changes in the insolation