Microclimates

Question 1

what holds more heat:
rural or urban

Answer 1

urban

Question 2

why are urban cities hotter

Answer 2

because they lack vegetation that would cool them down

Question 3

what is UHI

Answer 3

urban heat island

Question 4

strategies to reduce the urban heat island effect

Answer 4

1. vegetation

Question 5

how do urban microclimates differ from those of nearby non-urban areas

Answer 5

they regularly reach temps as much as 5 degrees warmer

Question 6

what produces the UHI

Answer 6

the physical characteristics of urbanized regions

Question 7

how is heating increased in cities

Answer 7

by modified urban surfaces
1. asphalt
2. glass
2. pollution
3. human economic activities

Question 8

most major cities produce a _____

Answer 8

dust dome

Question 9

dust dome is

Answer 9

airborne pollution trapped by certain characteristics of the UHI

Question 10

UHI is largely a ____ phenomenon

Answer 10

night time

Question 11

true or false
a city cools down a night

Answer 11

FALSE

Question 12

why don’t cities cool down at night

Answer 12

because the radiation has no where to escape above it

Question 13

3 causes of UHI that are based on the energy budget

Answer 13

1. increased absorption of short-wave radiation
2. increased longwave radiation from sky
3. decreased longwave radiation loss

Question 14

what reduces the total long waves

Answer 14

much of the L waves emitted is absorbed and re-emitted to the surface

Question 15

a canyon floor causes radiation to

Answer 15

be absorbed and reflected less

Question 16

why does UHI cause the loss of less than normal amounts of longwave radiation

Answer 16

because there is more around that keeps the radiation from escaping (buildings, clouds, dust dome)

Question 17

what allows a city to cool down at night

Answer 17

the loss of longwave radiation

Question 18

the canyon floor idea is based on the fact that

Answer 18

there are not a lot of avenues available for the radiation to reach the sky and is instead absorbed more

Question 19

what are the 7 causes of the UHI

Answer 19

1. increased absorption of shortwave radiation
2. increased long-wave radiation from sky
3. decreased long-wave radiation loss
4. anthropogenic heat source
5. decreased evapotranspiration
6. increased heat storge
7. decreased total turbulent heat transport

Question 20

what features reflect increased shorwave absortion

Answer 20

canyon gemotery - increased surface area and multiple reflection

Question 21

what features reflect increased long-wave raidation from sky

Answer 21

air pollution - greater absorption and re-emission

Question 22

what features reflect decreased long wave radiation loss

Answer 22

canyon geometry - reductions of sky view factor

Question 23

what features reflect anthropogenic heat source

Answer 23

building and traffic heat loss

Question 24

what features reflect decreased evapotranspiration

Answer 24

construction materials - increased impermeability and no water to carry away heat

Question 25

what features reflect increased heat storage

Answer 25

construction materials - increased thermal admittance

Question 26

what features reflect the decreased total turbulent heat transport

Answer 26

canyon geometry - reduction of wind speed (wind cannot carry heat away because it is being blocked)