Milady Chapter 2: Anatomy Exam Review Flashcards
What are the 3 nerves that estheticians work with?
a. the second, fourth, and eighth cranial nerve
b. the fifth, seventh and eleventh cranial nerve
c. the first, second, and third cranial nerve
d. the fourth, sixth and eighth cranial nerve
b. 5, 7, 11
What is the 7th cranial nerve?
a. facial nerve
b. trigeminal nerve
c. neck and shoulder
d. buccal
a. facial nerve
What is the Posterior Auricular nerve?
a. 5 cranial nerve
b. 8 cranial nerve
c. 11 cranial nerve
d. 7 cranial nerve
d. 7
What is NOT in the 5th cranial nerve?
Buccal nerve
What is 5, 7, 11?
5: Tri-facial/tri-geminal
7: Facial nerve
11: Accessory nerve/neck, shoulder
What does our spleen do?
Helps fight disease, detoxify our blood
What is the main blood supply to the head, face & neck?
Common carotid arteries
What does our liver do?
Necessary for digestion
What is the largest artery of the body?
Aorta
What is the largest organ?
Integumentary (skin)
What is the action of moving food along the digestive tract?
Peristalsis
Which hormone is dominant in males?
Testosterone
Which hormone is dominant in females?
Estrogen
What is made up of red & white cells, platelets & plasma?
Blood
What muscle helps swing your arm?
Pectoralis
What is the most complex organ of the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
Is the urithra part of the reproductive system?
Men, yes/women, no
Which circulation system carries oxygenated blood through the body, back to the heart?
Systemic
What bone forms the forehead?
Frontal
What draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically?
11
Which muscle controls the chest and shoulders up to the chin?
Fatisma
Which muscle controls the ear to the collarbone?
Sternocleomastoid
What are the 3 parts of the muscle?
Origin, insertion, belly
What are the bones of the upper jaw?
Maxilla
What is the large, thick, triangular muscle that covers the shoulder?
Deltoid
What is the subdivision of our nervous system that controls the 5 senses?
Central
What nerves affects the little finger, side of the arm & hand?
Ulner
What blood vessels connect smaller arteries to venuels?
Capillaries
Which nerve can make you drop blood pressure & pass out?
Vagus nerve
What are the nerve endings on sensory nerves?
Receptors
What does C.N.S. mean?
Central Nervous System
What has both sensory & motor nerves?
Prerifrial
What is fat?
Adipose
How many bones are in the cranium?
22
What are collections of tissue that have identifiable structure?
Organs
What is the protective covering on the body?
Epithelial
How much blood does the human body contain?
a. one to three pints
b. eight to 10 pints
c. 12 to 14 pints
d. 17 to 20 pints
b. eight to 10 pints
What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system?
a. lymph
b. blood
c. pus
d. water
b. blood
What are platelets?
a. blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process
b. a type of white blood cell
c. a type of red blood cell
d. dangerous bacteria found in the bloodstream
a. blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process
What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues?
a. anatomy
b. physiology
c. histology
d. osteology
c. histology
What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues?
a. to obtain the medical license needed to become an esthetician
b. to perform emergency surgery in the salon
c. to prescribe medications for clients with skin disorders
d. to understand the effect that services have on the body
d. to understand the effect that services have on the body
What is protoplasm?
a. foundation of all chemical beauty products
b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
c. toxic substance found in the bodies of people with diseases
d. yellowish fluid that oozes from open sores
b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
What is the process of cell production called?
a. anagen
b. catagen
c. mitosis
d. metastasization
c. mitosis
What is the sternum?
a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
b. uppermost bone of the skull
c. longest bone in the foot
d. collarbone
a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
What is the fluid part of the blood that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells?
a. pus
b. lymph
c. plasma
d. sebum
c. plasma
What is true of the origin part of a muscle?
a. it is not attached to the skeleton
b. it disappears after puberty
c. it moves frequently
d. it is attached to the skeleton
d. it is attached to the skeleton
What are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions?
a. cells
b. organs
c. body systems
d. bodies
b. organs
Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels?
a. so the endocrine and muscular systems can function properly
b. so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
c. so the nervous and circulatory systems can function properly
d. so the endocrine and circulatory systems can function properly
b. so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
What is true of the pituitary gland?
a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
b. it is the most complex organ of the integumentary system
c. it has no effect on the physiological processes of the body
d. it affects very few of the body’s physiological processes
a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
a. pancreas
b. kidney
c. liver
d. stomach
a. pancreas
What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?
a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. endorphins
d. hormones
d. hormones
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a. digestion
b. blood circulation
c. reproduction
d. breathing
d. breathing
What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system?
a. protecting the body from disease
b. providing the body’s outer shell
c. facilitating reproduction
d. facilitating respiration
a. protecting the body from disease
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
a. providing the exterior protective covering of the body
b. circulating blood to the bones and to muscles attaches to bones
c. circulating oxygen to the bones and to muscles attached to bones
d. providing the physical foundation of the body
d. providing the physical foundation of the body
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
a. promoting sebum production
b. providing a path for waste products to move out of the body
c. providing carbon dioxide to all cells of the body
d. moving blood through the body
d. moving blood through the body
What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system?
a. integumentary system
b. skeletal tissue
c. vital organs
d. secondary organs
b. skeletal tissue
What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste?
a. endocrine
b. integumentary
c. excretory
d. digestive
d. digestive
What is the primary function of the excretory system?
a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter
b. converting food into nutrients and waste
c. circulating blood and lymph throughout the body
d. circulating nitrogen and oxygen throughout the body
a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter
What is the primary function of the reproductive system?
a. discharging waste from the body
b. perpetuating the human race
c. maintaining erogenous zones
d. feeding nutrients into the body
b. perpetuating the human race
What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems?
a. endocrine
b. reproductive
c. integumentary
d. nervous
d. nervous
What is a connection between two or more bones of the skeleton?
a. joint
b. ligament
c. origin
d. insertion
a. joint
What body system serves as a protective covering for the body?
a. endocrine
b. skeletal
c. nervous
d. integumentary
d. integumentary
Connective, epithelial muscle, and nerve are types of what when found in the body?
a. lymph
b. sebum
c. body system
d. tissue
d. tissue
What are valves?
a. structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only
b. exterior openings on the body such as aural canals, nostrils, and pores
c. junctures in the digestive system where food is halted and processed
d. junctures in the excretory system where waste is halted and processed
a. structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only
What bone forms the back of the skull above the nape?
a. temporal
b. occipital
c. sphenoid
d. ethmoid
b. occipital
How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis?
a. two
b. four
c. six
d. eight
a. two
What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body?
a. circulatory
b. integumentary
c. nervous
d. endocrine
d. endocrine
Where in the body does the spinal cord originate?
a. top of the skull
b. base of the neck
c. brain
d. heart
c. brain
What are glands?
a. sexual organs required for reproduction
b. specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood
c. chambers of the heart required for circulation
d. groups of cells in the skin responsible for perspiration
b. specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood
What is the importance of lymph?
a. to secrete enzymes necessary for digestion
b. to synthesize proteins
c. to fight infections
d. to disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients
d. to disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients
What binds the tissues of the body together?
a. anatomical binders
b. physiological binders
c. adhesive tissue
d. connective tissue
d. connective tissue
What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions?
a. epithelial tissue
b. cardiac tissue
c. nerve tissue
d. supervisory issue
c. nerve tissue
What organ circulates the blood?
a. brain
b. heart
c. liver
d. kidney
b. heart
What do the kidneys do?
a. pump nitrogen into the blood
b. pump oxygen into the blood
c. convert food to nutrients
d. excrete water and waste products
d. excrete water and waste products
Which of the following best completes the statement below? As one of the major body organs the brains has the function of _.
a. controlling the body’s vision
b. controlling the body
c. supplying oxygen to the blood
d. digesting food
b. controlling the body
What is defecation?
a. circulating water through the body
b. breaking food down into nutrients
c. absorbing nutrients into the body
d. eliminating waste from the body
d. eliminating waste from the body
Which body system controls and coordinates all bodily functions?
a. skeletal
b. nervous
c. muscular
d. circulatory
b. nervous
Which body system regulates temperature and produces vitamin D?
a. integumentary
b. skeletal
c. muscular
d. circulatory
a. integumentary
Which body system protects the body from disease by developing resistances and destroying disease-causing toxins?
a. endocrine
b. circulatory
c. immune/lymphatic
d. reproductive
c. immune/lymphatic
Which body system eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product?
a. endocrine
b. circulatory
c. respiratory
d. reproductive
c. respiratory
The kidneys and bladder are part of this system.
a. excretory
b. digestive
c. respiratory
d. immune/lymphatic
a. excretory
Which type of muscle will estheticians work with?
a. smooth
b. cardiac
c. skeletal
d. involuntary
c. skeletal
Which part of the muscle flexes but remains stationary?
a. belly
b. origin
c. insertion
d. smooth
b. origin
Which muscle draws the scalp backward?
a. frontalis
b. corrugator
c. occipitalis
d. epicranial aponeurosis
c. occipitalis
Which muscle causes wrinkles in the forehead?
a. frontalis
b. orbicularis oculi
c. procures
d. epicranial aponeurosis
b. frontalis
What muscle closes the eyes?
a. corrugator
b. orbicularis oculi
c. procerus
d. epicranial aponeurosis
b. orbicularis oculi
Which thin, flat muscle between the upper and lower jaws compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips?
a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risoruis
c. buccinator
This muscle pulls down the corners of the mouth
a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risorius
b. triangular
If you want to pucker up, you need to usr the ____ muscle.
a. obicularis oris
b. levator anguli oris
c. levator labii superioris
d. zygomaticus
a. obiculatis oris
You use this muscle to smile but not grin
a. obicularis oris
b. levator anguli oris
c. levator labii superioris
d. nasals
b. levator anguli iris
This muscle is used to grin
a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risorius
d. risorius
Which of these muscles are used in chewing?
a. levator anguli iris and levator labii superioris
b. zygomaticus and risorius
c. masseter and temporalis
d. triangularis and buccinator
c. masseter and temporalis
What are the three muscles of the ear called?
a. quadrates labii muscles
b. depressor anguli muscles
c. mastication muscles
d. auricularis muscles
d. auricularis muscles
When you turn your head, you are using the ___ muscle.
a. sternocleidomastoid
b. platysma
c. auricularis superior
d. zygomaticus
a. sternocleidomastoid
Which large, flat, triangular muscle covers the lower back?
a. sternocleidomastoid
b. platysma
c. latissimus dorsi
d. pectoralis
c. latissimus dorsi
When you show someone your muscles on your arm, you are most likely showing them your _____.
a. biceps
b. triceps
c. deltoid
d. trapezius
a. biceps
Which movements separates the fingers?
a. abduction
b. adduction
c. flexion
d. extension
a. abduction
When you bend forward, which muscle movement are you using?
a. abduction
b. adduction
c. flexion
d. extension
c. flexion
This movement is used to rotate the muscles
a. abduction
b. extension
c. flexion
d. supination
d. supination
How does massage help the muscles of the hand?
a. maintained good body mechanics
b. maintains pliability
c. activates inward muscles
d. rotates radials
b. maintains pliability
Why is it important as an esthetician to know about the muscles of the forearm?
a. to maintain good body mechanics
b. to maintain pliability
c. to activate inward muscles
d. to rotate radials
a. to maintain good body mechanics
