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Esthetics > Milady Chapter 2: Anatomy Exam Review > Flashcards

Milady Chapter 2: Anatomy Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 nerves that estheticians work with?

a. the second, fourth, and eighth cranial nerve
b. the fifth, seventh and eleventh cranial nerve
c. the first, second, and third cranial nerve
d. the fourth, sixth and eighth cranial nerve

A

b. 5, 7, 11

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2
Q

What is the 7th cranial nerve?

a. facial nerve
b. trigeminal nerve
c. neck and shoulder
d. buccal

A

a. facial nerve

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3
Q

What is the Posterior Auricular nerve?

a. 5 cranial nerve
b. 8 cranial nerve
c. 11 cranial nerve
d. 7 cranial nerve

A

d. 7

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4
Q

What is NOT in the 5th cranial nerve?

A

Buccal nerve

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5
Q

What is 5, 7, 11?

A

5: Tri-facial/tri-geminal
7: Facial nerve
11: Accessory nerve/neck, shoulder

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6
Q

What does our spleen do?

A

Helps fight disease, detoxify our blood

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7
Q

What is the main blood supply to the head, face & neck?

A

Common carotid arteries

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8
Q

What does our liver do?

A

Necessary for digestion

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9
Q

What is the largest artery of the body?

A

Aorta

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10
Q

What is the largest organ?

A

Integumentary (skin)

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11
Q

What is the action of moving food along the digestive tract?

A

Peristalsis

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12
Q

Which hormone is dominant in males?

A

Testosterone

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13
Q

Which hormone is dominant in females?

A

Estrogen

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14
Q

What is made up of red & white cells, platelets & plasma?

A

Blood

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15
Q

What muscle helps swing your arm?

A

Pectoralis

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16
Q

What is the most complex organ of the endocrine system?

A

Pituitary gland

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17
Q

Is the urithra part of the reproductive system?

A

Men, yes/women, no

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18
Q

Which circulation system carries oxygenated blood through the body, back to the heart?

A

Systemic

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19
Q

What bone forms the forehead?

A

Frontal

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20
Q

What draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically?

A

11

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21
Q

Which muscle controls the chest and shoulders up to the chin?

A

Fatisma

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22
Q

Which muscle controls the ear to the collarbone?

A

Sternocleomastoid

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23
Q

What are the 3 parts of the muscle?

A

Origin, insertion, belly

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24
Q

What are the bones of the upper jaw?

A

Maxilla

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25
Q

What is the large, thick, triangular muscle that covers the shoulder?

A

Deltoid

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26
Q

What is the subdivision of our nervous system that controls the 5 senses?

A

Central

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27
Q

What nerves affects the little finger, side of the arm & hand?

A

Ulner

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28
Q

What blood vessels connect smaller arteries to venuels?

A

Capillaries

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29
Q

Which nerve can make you drop blood pressure & pass out?

A

Vagus nerve

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30
Q

What are the nerve endings on sensory nerves?

A

Receptors

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31
Q

What does C.N.S. mean?

A

Central Nervous System

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32
Q

What has both sensory & motor nerves?

A

Prerifrial

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33
Q

What is fat?

A

Adipose

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34
Q

How many bones are in the cranium?

A

22

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35
Q

What are collections of tissue that have identifiable structure?

A

Organs

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36
Q

What is the protective covering on the body?

A

Epithelial

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37
Q

How much blood does the human body contain?

a. one to three pints
b. eight to 10 pints
c. 12 to 14 pints
d. 17 to 20 pints

A

b. eight to 10 pints

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38
Q

What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system?

a. lymph
b. blood
c. pus
d. water

A

b. blood

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39
Q

What are platelets?

a. blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process
b. a type of white blood cell
c. a type of red blood cell
d. dangerous bacteria found in the bloodstream

A

a. blood components that contribute to the blood clotting process

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40
Q

What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues?

a. anatomy
b. physiology
c. histology
d. osteology

A

c. histology

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41
Q

What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues?

a. to obtain the medical license needed to become an esthetician
b. to perform emergency surgery in the salon
c. to prescribe medications for clients with skin disorders
d. to understand the effect that services have on the body

A

d. to understand the effect that services have on the body

42
Q

What is protoplasm?

a. foundation of all chemical beauty products
b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
c. toxic substance found in the bodies of people with diseases
d. yellowish fluid that oozes from open sores

A

b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed

43
Q

What is the process of cell production called?

a. anagen
b. catagen
c. mitosis
d. metastasization

A

c. mitosis

44
Q

What is the sternum?

a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
b. uppermost bone of the skull
c. longest bone in the foot
d. collarbone

A

a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs

45
Q

What is the fluid part of the blood that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells?

a. pus
b. lymph
c. plasma
d. sebum

A

c. plasma

46
Q

What is true of the origin part of a muscle?

a. it is not attached to the skeleton
b. it disappears after puberty
c. it moves frequently
d. it is attached to the skeleton

A

d. it is attached to the skeleton

47
Q

What are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions?

a. cells
b. organs
c. body systems
d. bodies

A

b. organs

48
Q

Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorous levels?

a. so the endocrine and muscular systems can function properly
b. so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly
c. so the nervous and circulatory systems can function properly
d. so the endocrine and circulatory systems can function properly

A

b. so the nervous and muscular systems can function properly

49
Q

What is true of the pituitary gland?

a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
b. it is the most complex organ of the integumentary system
c. it has no effect on the physiological processes of the body
d. it affects very few of the body’s physiological processes

A

a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system

50
Q

What organ in the endocrine system secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

a. pancreas
b. kidney
c. liver
d. stomach

A

a. pancreas

51
Q

What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?

a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. endorphins
d. hormones

A

d. hormones

52
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

a. digestion
b. blood circulation
c. reproduction
d. breathing

A

d. breathing

53
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system?

a. protecting the body from disease
b. providing the body’s outer shell
c. facilitating reproduction
d. facilitating respiration

A

a. protecting the body from disease

54
Q

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

a. providing the exterior protective covering of the body
b. circulating blood to the bones and to muscles attaches to bones
c. circulating oxygen to the bones and to muscles attached to bones
d. providing the physical foundation of the body

A

d. providing the physical foundation of the body

55
Q

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

a. promoting sebum production
b. providing a path for waste products to move out of the body
c. providing carbon dioxide to all cells of the body
d. moving blood through the body

A

d. moving blood through the body

56
Q

What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system?

a. integumentary system
b. skeletal tissue
c. vital organs
d. secondary organs

A

b. skeletal tissue

57
Q

What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste?

a. endocrine
b. integumentary
c. excretory
d. digestive

A

d. digestive

58
Q

What is the primary function of the excretory system?

a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter
b. converting food into nutrients and waste
c. circulating blood and lymph throughout the body
d. circulating nitrogen and oxygen throughout the body

A

a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter

59
Q

What is the primary function of the reproductive system?

a. discharging waste from the body
b. perpetuating the human race
c. maintaining erogenous zones
d. feeding nutrients into the body

A

b. perpetuating the human race

60
Q

What is the body system that controls and coordinates all other body systems?

a. endocrine
b. reproductive
c. integumentary
d. nervous

A

d. nervous

61
Q

What is a connection between two or more bones of the skeleton?

a. joint
b. ligament
c. origin
d. insertion

A

a. joint

62
Q

What body system serves as a protective covering for the body?

a. endocrine
b. skeletal
c. nervous
d. integumentary

A

d. integumentary

63
Q

Connective, epithelial muscle, and nerve are types of what when found in the body?

a. lymph
b. sebum
c. body system
d. tissue

A

d. tissue

64
Q

What are valves?

a. structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only
b. exterior openings on the body such as aural canals, nostrils, and pores
c. junctures in the digestive system where food is halted and processed
d. junctures in the excretory system where waste is halted and processed

A

a. structures that close a passage or permit flow in one direction only

65
Q

What bone forms the back of the skull above the nape?

a. temporal
b. occipital
c. sphenoid
d. ethmoid

A

b. occipital

66
Q

How many identical daughter cells are formed when a cell divides during mitosis?

a. two
b. four
c. six
d. eight

A

a. two

67
Q

What body system affects the growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body?

a. circulatory
b. integumentary
c. nervous
d. endocrine

A

d. endocrine

68
Q

Where in the body does the spinal cord originate?

a. top of the skull
b. base of the neck
c. brain
d. heart

A

c. brain

69
Q

What are glands?

a. sexual organs required for reproduction
b. specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood
c. chambers of the heart required for circulation
d. groups of cells in the skin responsible for perspiration

A

b. specialized organs that remove and convert elements from the blood

70
Q

What is the importance of lymph?

a. to secrete enzymes necessary for digestion
b. to synthesize proteins
c. to fight infections
d. to disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients

A

d. to disperse white blood cells and cell nutrients

71
Q

What binds the tissues of the body together?

a. anatomical binders
b. physiological binders
c. adhesive tissue
d. connective tissue

A

d. connective tissue

72
Q

What carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all body functions?

a. epithelial tissue
b. cardiac tissue
c. nerve tissue
d. supervisory issue

A

c. nerve tissue

73
Q

What organ circulates the blood?

a. brain
b. heart
c. liver
d. kidney

A

b. heart

74
Q

What do the kidneys do?

a. pump nitrogen into the blood
b. pump oxygen into the blood
c. convert food to nutrients
d. excrete water and waste products

A

d. excrete water and waste products

75
Q

Which of the following best completes the statement below? As one of the major body organs the brains has the function of _.

a. controlling the body’s vision
b. controlling the body
c. supplying oxygen to the blood
d. digesting food

A

b. controlling the body

76
Q

What is defecation?

a. circulating water through the body
b. breaking food down into nutrients
c. absorbing nutrients into the body
d. eliminating waste from the body

A

d. eliminating waste from the body

77
Q

Which body system controls and coordinates all bodily functions?

a. skeletal
b. nervous
c. muscular
d. circulatory

A

b. nervous

78
Q

Which body system regulates temperature and produces vitamin D?

a. integumentary
b. skeletal
c. muscular
d. circulatory

A

a. integumentary

79
Q

Which body system protects the body from disease by developing resistances and destroying disease-causing toxins?

a. endocrine
b. circulatory
c. immune/lymphatic
d. reproductive

A

c. immune/lymphatic

80
Q

Which body system eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product?

a. endocrine
b. circulatory
c. respiratory
d. reproductive

A

c. respiratory

81
Q

The kidneys and bladder are part of this system.

a. excretory
b. digestive
c. respiratory
d. immune/lymphatic

A

a. excretory

82
Q

Which type of muscle will estheticians work with?

a. smooth
b. cardiac
c. skeletal
d. involuntary

A

c. skeletal

83
Q

Which part of the muscle flexes but remains stationary?

a. belly
b. origin
c. insertion
d. smooth

A

b. origin

84
Q

Which muscle draws the scalp backward?

a. frontalis
b. corrugator
c. occipitalis
d. epicranial aponeurosis

A

c. occipitalis

85
Q

Which muscle causes wrinkles in the forehead?

a. frontalis
b. orbicularis oculi
c. procures
d. epicranial aponeurosis

A

b. frontalis

86
Q

What muscle closes the eyes?

a. corrugator
b. orbicularis oculi
c. procerus
d. epicranial aponeurosis

A

b. orbicularis oculi

87
Q

Which thin, flat muscle between the upper and lower jaws compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips?

a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risoruis

A

c. buccinator

88
Q

This muscle pulls down the corners of the mouth

a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risorius

A

b. triangular

89
Q

If you want to pucker up, you need to usr the ____ muscle.

a. obicularis oris
b. levator anguli oris
c. levator labii superioris
d. zygomaticus

A

a. obiculatis oris

90
Q

You use this muscle to smile but not grin

a. obicularis oris
b. levator anguli oris
c. levator labii superioris
d. nasals

A

b. levator anguli iris

91
Q

This muscle is used to grin

a. mentalis
b. triangularis
c. buccinator
d. risorius

A

d. risorius

92
Q

Which of these muscles are used in chewing?

a. levator anguli iris and levator labii superioris
b. zygomaticus and risorius
c. masseter and temporalis
d. triangularis and buccinator

A

c. masseter and temporalis

93
Q

What are the three muscles of the ear called?

a. quadrates labii muscles
b. depressor anguli muscles
c. mastication muscles
d. auricularis muscles

A

d. auricularis muscles

94
Q

When you turn your head, you are using the ___ muscle.

a. sternocleidomastoid
b. platysma
c. auricularis superior
d. zygomaticus

A

a. sternocleidomastoid

95
Q

Which large, flat, triangular muscle covers the lower back?

a. sternocleidomastoid
b. platysma
c. latissimus dorsi
d. pectoralis

A

c. latissimus dorsi

96
Q

When you show someone your muscles on your arm, you are most likely showing them your _____.

a. biceps
b. triceps
c. deltoid
d. trapezius

A

a. biceps

97
Q

Which movements separates the fingers?

a. abduction
b. adduction
c. flexion
d. extension

A

a. abduction

98
Q

When you bend forward, which muscle movement are you using?

a. abduction
b. adduction
c. flexion
d. extension

A

c. flexion

99
Q

This movement is used to rotate the muscles

a. abduction
b. extension
c. flexion
d. supination

A

d. supination

100
Q

How does massage help the muscles of the hand?

a. maintained good body mechanics
b. maintains pliability
c. activates inward muscles
d. rotates radials

A

b. maintains pliability

101
Q

Why is it important as an esthetician to know about the muscles of the forearm?

a. to maintain good body mechanics
b. to maintain pliability
c. to activate inward muscles
d. to rotate radials

A

a. to maintain good body mechanics

Esthetics (15 decks)

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