Midterm Three Flashcards
What is the relationship of the ureters to the peritoneum?
ureters are retroperitoneal like the kidneys
How does urine move through the ureters?
peristalsis
Which arteries does the common ilac artery divide into? At which vertebral level does this happen?
Common iliac artery dives into the external iliac and internal iliac artery at the L4 vertebral level aka the common iliac bifurcation
What is the relationship of the ureters with the common iliac arteries?
ureters pass over the pelvic brim at the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries
What is the relationship of the ureters with the internal iliac arteries?
ureter lies anterior and parallel to the internal iliac artery
At the level of the ischial spine, what direction do the ureters take to enter the bladder?
anterior medially
What is the direction of the ureters through the muscular wall of the bladder?
inferior medially
Which blood vessels supply the pelvic part of the ureters? What is the most common variant of blood supply to the female ureter? What is the most common variant of blood supply to the male ureter?
- Pelvic ureter is supplied by branches of the common iliac and internal iliac arterys
- females = uterine (most of time) or vaginal artery
- males = inferior vesical artery
On a diagram of the blood supply of the ureters, label the arteries.

List the plexuses which innervate the ureters.
- renal plexus
- aortic plexus
- superior hypogastric plexus
- inferior hypogastric plexus
On a diagram, label the plexuses which innervate the ureters. Which are mixed sympathetic and parasympathetic?

What is the relationship of the urinary bladder to the pubic bone?
anterior portion of the bladder is directly superior to the pubic bone
What is in between the bladder and the pubic bone?
retropubic space
Which ligament holds the male bladder in place and what does it attach to?
- puboprostatic ligament
- attaches to the neck
Which ligament holds the female bladder in place and what does it attach to?
- pubovesical ligament
- attaches to the neck
Which muscle is the wall of the bladder composed of?
detrusor muscle
How high can a full bladder ascend?
all the way up to the level of the umbilicus
In the male bladder, what do the muscle fibers form at the neck?
- involuntary internal urethral sphincter
On a diagram of the bladder label the surfaces.

Which ligament attaches tot he apex of the bladder?
median umbilical ligament
Which sphincter contracts during ejaculation? What does this prevent?
- internal urethral sphincter
- retrograde ejaculation of sperm into the bladder
Describe the trigone of the bladder. Where is the trigone located?
- Trigone is on the base/inferior part of the bladder
- it is where the ureters enter the inferior part of the bladder and the point where the urethra leaves under the side of the bladder
On a diagram of the male bladder identify the following structures: retropubic space, puboprostatic ligament, full urinary bladder, bladder, spongy urethra, prostatic urethra, intermediate urethra, detrusor muscle, ureter, internal urethral orifice, ejaculatory duct.

On a diagram of the female bladder identify the following structures: ureter, retropubic space, pubovesical ligament, bladder, rectum, fundus of bladder, apex of bladder.























