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Eighth Grade Social Studies > Midterm Study Guide, First And Second Nine Weeks > Flashcards

Midterm Study Guide, First And Second Nine Weeks Flashcards

0
Q

Why did the puritans leave England?

A

To escape persecution by England’s king

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1
Q

What was England’s first PERMANENT settlement in North America?

A

Jamestown

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2
Q

What is a charter?

A

Permission to start a colony in the new world

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3
Q

Why did John Smith say, “He that does not work shall not eat”?

A

He wanted the colony to be organized and safe

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4
Q

Why did the puritans want to build a “city upon a hill”?

A

To show others what an ideal Christian community should be like

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5
Q

Why were joint-stock companies a good way of financing new colonies in North America?

A

Large sums of money could be raised with little risk to investors

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6
Q

An indentured servant traded his or her _______ for passage to America

A

Labor

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7
Q

The house of _______ marked the start of representative government in America

A

Burgesses

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8
Q

What religion was William Penn?

A

Quaker

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9
Q

Why was William Penn’s colony considered a “Holy experiment”?

A

It would allow people of different religions to live together peacefully

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10
Q

Why role did women play in Quaker meetings?

A

They were allowed to lead the meetings

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11
Q

Which economic activity dominated the early French settlements in America?

A

Fur trade

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12
Q

Why among the following had the right to vote in the English colonies?

A

A. White men and women who owned property
B. White men only>⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
C.White men and freed Africans
D. White men and some Native Americans

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13
Q

Which of the following was legal under the slave codes?

A

A. Teaching enslaved people to read and write
B. Enslaved people meeting in large numbers
C. The killing of an enslaved person by his or her master⭐️⭐️<
D. An enslaved person owning a weapon

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14
Q

What was the Great Awakening?

A

A Christian revival that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

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15
Q

Which of the following is the MAIN reason why colonial authorities wrote slave codes?

A

A. They didn’t want slaves leaving the plantations without permission
B. They didn’t want slaves learning to read and write
C. They feared slave revolts⭐️⭐️>
D. They feared antislavery laws

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16
Q

Slavery became for widely used in the southern region because

A

Cash crops, which grew more easily in this region, required a large labor force

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17
Q

New England’s economy was MOSTLY based on

A

A. Manufacturing
B. Natural resources⭐️⭐️⭐️»
C. Raising livestock
D. Growing cash crops

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18
Q

What caused Bacon’s rebellion?

A

Frontier settlers were angry that Virginia’s government wasn’t offering protection from Indian attacks

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19
Q

Why is the Wilderness Road important?

A

It brought settlers west and trade goods east

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20
Q

Who was instrumental in maintaining peace between the Cherokee and the British?

A

Little carpenter

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21
Q

How did the Long Hunters get their names?

A

They hunted in the wilderness for periods of time

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22
Q

Who was a famous frontiersman who led settlers into Kentucky and Tennessee through the Cumberland Gap along the Wilderness road?

A

Daniel Boone

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23
Q

Militia

A

A force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community

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24
Minutemen
Members of the colonial militia who were trained to respond at a "Minutes notice"
25
Patriot
A colonist who wanted independence from Great Britain
26
Loyalist
Colonist who didn't want independence from Great Britian
27
Thomas Paine
Wrote Common Sense to urge Americans to declare independence
28
Paul Revere
I created the propaganda to make the Boston Massacre look like a Massacre. I also got credit for taking the "Midnight Ride" to warn the people of the country side that the British soldiers were approaching
29
Continental Congress
We're the group of people who represent each of the 13 colonies. We met in Philadelphia to try to solve problems with the British, but eventually we voted to separate from England. Almost all of us signed the Declaration of Independence
30
Sons of Liberty
We are the group of people who protest against British Laws using violent and peaceful forms of protest
31
What caused the French and Indian war?
British settlers pushed west into French and Native American lands
32
Who won the French and Indian war?
Great Britian
33
What consequence of the French and Indian war most directly lead to the Revolutionary War?
Great Britain was in debt
34
Which geographic barrier were the colonists forbidden to cross by the Proclamation of 1763?
The Appalachian Mountains
35
What does "No taxation without representation" mean?
The colonists should have a say in the government that taxes them
36
The Intolerable Acts were punishment for what?
The Boston Tea Party
37
Why did colonists resent the Stamp Act?
They didn't think Britain had the authority to tax them
38
What did the 1767 Townshend Acts specify?
Britain would only tax products IMPORTED into the country
39
Colonists felt that the Writs of Assistance and the Quartering Act did what?
Violated their privacy
40
The depiction of the Boston Massacre is an example of what?
Historical propaganda
41
Name England's law making body
Parliament
42
What did the Tea Act attempt to do?
Lower the price on tea while keeping a tax on tea
43
Why did the colonists resent the Tea Act?
It established a British monopoly on tea
44
Which of the following was an effect of the Tea Act?
Boston tea party
45
The Declaratory Act stated that
The Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies, "In all cases whatsoever"
46
The Salutary Neglect allowed the colonies to
Ignore British laws, fines, and trade regulations
47
Which scientist, printer, and statesman was the Founding Father to have signed 5 important founding documents of the United States
Ben Franklin
48
The main job of the legislative branch is to
Make laws needed for the country
49
The judicial branch is responsible for
Explaining laws and determining if they are constitutional
50
The most important job of the executive branch is to
Enforce and carry out laws
51
Which branch of government has the power to declare actions and laws unconstitutional?
Judicial
52
Which branch of government can impeach the president?
Legislative
53
Which branch appoints judges?
Executive
54
Federal and state governments both have the power to tax. This is an example of
Federalism
55
Which of these parts of the U.S. Constitution contains fundamental liberties of American citizens?
Amendments 1-10 aka Bill of Rights
56
Bill of rights consists of what?
Amendments 1-10
57
Which amendment describes the procedures that courts must used when trying people accused of crimes?
The 6th, 7th, and 8th amendments
58
First amendment protects
A. Freedom of religion and voting rights | B. Freedom of assembly and the press
59
The 8th amendment states that,"excessive bail shall not be required" Why might this be open to interpretation?
People may disagree about what amount of bail counts as "excessive"
60
``` Which amendment protects a person from testifying against him/herself? A. 2nd B. 3rd C. 5th D. 7th ```
5th
61
The 3rd amendment (quartering of troops) protects a citizen's what?
Right to privacy
62
The establishment clause says
Governments can't support or endorse a specific religion
63
The establishment clause is in what amendment to the constitution?
1st
64
An accused person requests a lawyer before being questioned by police. Which amendment are they using?
6th
65
Law enforcement must have a probable cause or a search warrant to search a house. Which amendment?
4th- search and cease
66
A person found innocent for a crime may not be tried again for the same crime. Which amendment?
5th amendment
67
Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point for the Patriots? A. They realized they didn't need foreign allies B. They saved the army from losing enlisted men C. They got a Prussian to train the Continental Army D. They gained the support of France and Spain
D. They gained the support of France and Spain
68
Why was the winter at Valley Forge such a difficult time for the Continental Army?
The army lacked protection and supplies
69
How did the war in the South differ from the fighting in other colonies?
There was more guerrilla warfare in the South
70
``` The last major battle of the Revolutionary War happened at: A.Yorktown B.Lexington C. Bunker Hill D. Charlestown ```
A.Yorktown
71
``` In this last battle, which Navy blockaded the supply ships from reaching Cornwallis? A. British B. French C. Spanish D. American ```
French
72
``` The last major battle of the Revolutionary War happened in what year? A. 1776 B. 1781 C.1783 D.1787 ```
B. 1781
73
On which holiday did Washington cross the Delaware?
Christmas
74
What were the results of this victory (the battle after the "crossing")
Increased confidence brings new recruits
75
Which two European countries helped America in their fight for independence ?
France and Spain
76
Why was Von Stuben's training helpful for the soldiers at Valley Forge?
A. It prepared them for battle B. It gave them something to do in the cold winter C. It gave them professional pride and confidence D. All of the above
77
A main American strength of the War was
An able and inspiring leader in George Washington
78
Which of the following were British weaknesses?
Didn't have the support of the British people
79
``` When was the Treaty of Paris signed? A. 1776 B. 1779 C. 1781 D. 1783 ```
1783
80
Which of the following was an IMMEDIATE consequence of the Revolutionary War?
America was in debt
81
``` The largest contributor of American deaths in the was was due to A. Friendly fire B. Battle fatalities C. Deaths in British Prisons D. Starvation, disease, and exposure ```
D. starvation, disease, and exposure.
82
"Summer soldiers and sunshine patriots" might be described as
Fighters
83
``` Major Ferguson from King's Mtn. Battle declared he would clear the colonist who disobeyed the Proclamation of 1763 with: A. Fire and ice B. Haste and severity C. Fire and sword D. Guns and powder ```
C. Fire and sword
84
What is the name of the area of land shown in the map above, which includes parts of KY and TN?
The Transylvania purchase
85
Washington county was formed as a result of which set of petitions?
Watauga petitions
86
Who established the short-lived Transylvania colony in KY?
Richard Henderson
87
Which Native American tribe did Nancy Ward become a leader of, due to her participation in battles against other tribes?
Cherokee
88
Richard Henderson sent which two leaders to co-found Nashville?
John Donelson and James Robertson
89
Who won the battle of King's mountain?
The American Militia
90
Francis Marion
"Swamp Fox"
91
Marquis de Lafayette
Known as the "Soldiers friend"
92
Baron Von Stuben
Trained soldiers at Valley Forge, Prussian
93
George Rogers Clark
"George Washington of the West"
94
Nathan Hale
"I regret that I have but one life to lose for my country"
95
Benedict Arnold
Hero/traitor
96
Ben Franklin
Diplomat to France
97
George Washington
Commander of the Continental Army
98
The Magna Carta is an important influence on the Constitution because
It established the idea of limited government
99
The English Bill Of Rights is significant because
It listed freedoms protected by the government
100
The passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785 created a
System to auction public lands to pay off government debt
101
The Land Ordinance of 1795 would require that
Part of each section would be set aside for schools
102
What kind of stance did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 take on the issue of slavery?
Slavery was outlawed, but slave owners could bring their slaves in from other states
103
What is the significance of the Articles of Confederation?
They established the first national government of the United States
104
Why were the Articles of Confederation intentionally set up to be weak?
The new government under the Articles were intentionally set up to prevent an oppressive government like the colonies under Great Britain
105
Daniel Shays and other farmers were at risk of losing their land because
They couldn't pay their taxes or debts
106
Following Shays rebellion, most Americans called for establishing
A stronger central (national) government
107
Who is known as the, "Father of the Constitution"?
James Madison
108
Small states wanted:
Equal state representation in Congress
109
The Great (or Connecticut) Compromise created the
Bicameral legislature
110
The members of the Senate are determined by
Equal state representation
111
Members of the house of the representatives are determined by
Population of the state
112
Which of the following established a way selves would be counted for representation and taxation in Congress?
The 3/5ths compromise
113
At the constitutional convention, congress decided that it couldn't ban the international slave trade until
1808
114
In what year was the Constitutionsl Convention held?
1787
115
Where was the constitutional convention held?
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
116
States electoral votes are based on
Population
117
According to the Constitution, how is the chief executive(president) elected?
By electoral vote
118
Define ratify
Approve
119
Antifedralists didn't like the constitution because
It didn't have a bill of rights
120
What were the federalist papers?
Articles for the ratification of the constitution
121
Why was the Bill of Rights added to the constitution?
To protect personal liberties
122
People who supported the Constitution were known as
Federalists
123
The constitution only needed ____ states to pass it
9

Eighth Grade Social Studies (25 decks)

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