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Eighth Grade Social Studies > Midterm Study Guide, First And Second Nine Weeks > Flashcards

Midterm Study Guide, First And Second Nine Weeks Flashcards

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0
Q

Why did the puritans leave England?

A

To escape persecution by England’s king

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1
Q

What was England’s first PERMANENT settlement in North America?

A

Jamestown

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2
Q

What is a charter?

A

Permission to start a colony in the new world

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3
Q

Why did John Smith say, “He that does not work shall not eat”?

A

He wanted the colony to be organized and safe

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4
Q

Why did the puritans want to build a “city upon a hill”?

A

To show others what an ideal Christian community should be like

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5
Q

Why were joint-stock companies a good way of financing new colonies in North America?

A

Large sums of money could be raised with little risk to investors

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6
Q

An indentured servant traded his or her _______ for passage to America

A

Labor

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7
Q

The house of _______ marked the start of representative government in America

A

Burgesses

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8
Q

What religion was William Penn?

A

Quaker

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9
Q

Why was William Penn’s colony considered a “Holy experiment”?

A

It would allow people of different religions to live together peacefully

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10
Q

Why role did women play in Quaker meetings?

A

They were allowed to lead the meetings

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11
Q

Which economic activity dominated the early French settlements in America?

A

Fur trade

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12
Q

Why among the following had the right to vote in the English colonies?

A

A. White men and women who owned property
B. White men only>⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
C.White men and freed Africans
D. White men and some Native Americans

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13
Q

Which of the following was legal under the slave codes?

A

A. Teaching enslaved people to read and write
B. Enslaved people meeting in large numbers
C. The killing of an enslaved person by his or her master⭐️⭐️<
D. An enslaved person owning a weapon

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14
Q

What was the Great Awakening?

A

A Christian revival that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

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15
Q

Which of the following is the MAIN reason why colonial authorities wrote slave codes?

A

A. They didn’t want slaves leaving the plantations without permission
B. They didn’t want slaves learning to read and write
C. They feared slave revolts⭐️⭐️>
D. They feared antislavery laws

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16
Q

Slavery became for widely used in the southern region because

A

Cash crops, which grew more easily in this region, required a large labor force

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17
Q

New England’s economy was MOSTLY based on

A

A. Manufacturing
B. Natural resources⭐️⭐️⭐️»
C. Raising livestock
D. Growing cash crops

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18
Q

What caused Bacon’s rebellion?

A

Frontier settlers were angry that Virginia’s government wasn’t offering protection from Indian attacks

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19
Q

Why is the Wilderness Road important?

A

It brought settlers west and trade goods east

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20
Q

Who was instrumental in maintaining peace between the Cherokee and the British?

A

Little carpenter

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21
Q

How did the Long Hunters get their names?

A

They hunted in the wilderness for periods of time

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22
Q

Who was a famous frontiersman who led settlers into Kentucky and Tennessee through the Cumberland Gap along the Wilderness road?

A

Daniel Boone

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23
Q

Militia

A

A force of armed civilians pledged to defend their community

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24
Q

Minutemen

A

Members of the colonial militia who were trained to respond at a “Minutes notice”

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25
Q

Patriot

A

A colonist who wanted independence from Great Britain

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26
Q

Loyalist

A

Colonist who didn’t want independence from Great Britian

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27
Q

Thomas Paine

A

Wrote Common Sense to urge Americans to declare independence

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28
Q

Paul Revere

A

I created the propaganda to make the Boston Massacre look like a Massacre. I also got credit for taking the “Midnight Ride” to warn the people of the country side that the British soldiers were approaching

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29
Q

Continental Congress

A

We’re the group of people who represent each of the 13 colonies. We met in Philadelphia to try to solve problems with the British, but eventually we voted to separate from England. Almost all of us signed the Declaration of Independence

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30
Q

Sons of Liberty

A

We are the group of people who protest against British Laws using violent and peaceful forms of protest

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31
Q

What caused the French and Indian war?

A

British settlers pushed west into French and Native American lands

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32
Q

Who won the French and Indian war?

A

Great Britian

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33
Q

What consequence of the French and Indian war most directly lead to the Revolutionary War?

A

Great Britain was in debt

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34
Q

Which geographic barrier were the colonists forbidden to cross by the Proclamation of 1763?

A

The Appalachian Mountains

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35
Q

What does “No taxation without representation” mean?

A

The colonists should have a say in the government that taxes them

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36
Q

The Intolerable Acts were punishment for what?

A

The Boston Tea Party

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37
Q

Why did colonists resent the Stamp Act?

A

They didn’t think Britain had the authority to tax them

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38
Q

What did the 1767 Townshend Acts specify?

A

Britain would only tax products IMPORTED into the country

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39
Q

Colonists felt that the Writs of Assistance and the Quartering Act did what?

A

Violated their privacy

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40
Q

The depiction of the Boston Massacre is an example of what?

A

Historical propaganda

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41
Q

Name England’s law making body

A

Parliament

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42
Q

What did the Tea Act attempt to do?

A

Lower the price on tea while keeping a tax on tea

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43
Q

Why did the colonists resent the Tea Act?

A

It established a British monopoly on tea

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44
Q

Which of the following was an effect of the Tea Act?

A

Boston tea party

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45
Q

The Declaratory Act stated that

A

The Parliament had the power to make laws for the colonies, “In all cases whatsoever”

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46
Q

The Salutary Neglect allowed the colonies to

A

Ignore British laws, fines, and trade regulations

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47
Q

Which scientist, printer, and statesman was the Founding Father to have signed 5 important founding documents of the United States

A

Ben Franklin

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48
Q

The main job of the legislative branch is to

A

Make laws needed for the country

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49
Q

The judicial branch is responsible for

A

Explaining laws and determining if they are constitutional

50
Q

The most important job of the executive branch is to

A

Enforce and carry out laws

51
Q

Which branch of government has the power to declare actions and laws unconstitutional?

A

Judicial

52
Q

Which branch of government can impeach the president?

A

Legislative

53
Q

Which branch appoints judges?

A

Executive

54
Q

Federal and state governments both have the power to tax. This is an example of

A

Federalism

55
Q

Which of these parts of the U.S. Constitution contains fundamental liberties of American citizens?

A

Amendments 1-10 aka Bill of Rights

56
Q

Bill of rights consists of what?

A

Amendments 1-10

57
Q

Which amendment describes the procedures that courts must used when trying people accused of crimes?

A

The 6th, 7th, and 8th amendments

58
Q

First amendment protects

A

A. Freedom of religion and voting rights

B. Freedom of assembly and the press

59
Q

The 8th amendment states that,”excessive bail shall not be required” Why might this be open to interpretation?

A

People may disagree about what amount of bail counts as “excessive”

60
Q 
Which amendment protects a person from testifying against him/herself?
A. 2nd
B. 3rd
C. 5th
D. 7th
A

5th

61
Q

The 3rd amendment (quartering of troops) protects a citizen’s what?

A

Right to privacy

62
Q

The establishment clause says

A

Governments can’t support or endorse a specific religion

63
Q

The establishment clause is in what amendment to the constitution?

A

1st

64
Q

An accused person requests a lawyer before being questioned by police. Which amendment are they using?

A

6th

65
Q

Law enforcement must have a probable cause or a search warrant to search a house. Which amendment?

A

4th- search and cease

66
Q

A person found innocent for a crime may not be tried again for the same crime. Which amendment?

A

5th amendment

67
Q

Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point for the Patriots?
A. They realized they didn’t need foreign allies
B. They saved the army from losing enlisted men
C. They got a Prussian to train the Continental Army
D. They gained the support of France and Spain

A

D. They gained the support of France and Spain

68
Q

Why was the winter at Valley Forge such a difficult time for the Continental Army?

A

The army lacked protection and supplies

69
Q

How did the war in the South differ from the fighting in other colonies?

A

There was more guerrilla warfare in the South

70
Q 
The last major battle of the Revolutionary War happened at:
A.Yorktown
B.Lexington
C. Bunker Hill
D. Charlestown
A

A.Yorktown

71
Q 
In this last battle, which Navy blockaded the supply ships from reaching Cornwallis?
A. British
B. French
C. Spanish
D. American
A

French

72
Q 
The last major battle of the Revolutionary War happened in what year?
A. 1776
B. 1781
C.1783
D.1787
A

B. 1781

73
Q

On which holiday did Washington cross the Delaware?

A

Christmas

74
Q

What were the results of this victory (the battle after the “crossing”)

A

Increased confidence brings new recruits

75
Q

Which two European countries helped America in their fight for independence ?

A

France and Spain

76
Q

Why was Von Stuben’s training helpful for the soldiers at Valley Forge?

A

A. It prepared them for battle
B. It gave them something to do in the cold winter
C. It gave them professional pride and confidence
D. All of the above

77
Q

A main American strength of the War was

A

An able and inspiring leader in George Washington

78
Q

Which of the following were British weaknesses?

A

Didn’t have the support of the British people

79
Q 
When was the Treaty of Paris signed?
A. 1776
B. 1779
C. 1781
D. 1783
A

1783

80
Q

Which of the following was an IMMEDIATE consequence of the Revolutionary War?

A

America was in debt

81
Q 
The largest contributor of American deaths in the was was due to
A. Friendly fire
B. Battle fatalities 
C. Deaths in British Prisons
D. Starvation, disease, and exposure
A

D. starvation, disease, and exposure.

82
Q

“Summer soldiers and sunshine patriots” might be described as

A

Fighters

83
Q 
Major Ferguson from King's Mtn. Battle declared he would clear the colonist who disobeyed the Proclamation of 1763 with:
A. Fire and ice
B. Haste and severity
C. Fire and sword
D. Guns and powder
A

C. Fire and sword

84
Q

What is the name of the area of land shown in the map above, which includes parts of KY and TN?

A

The Transylvania purchase

85
Q

Washington county was formed as a result of which set of petitions?

A

Watauga petitions

86
Q

Who established the short-lived Transylvania colony in KY?

A

Richard Henderson

87
Q

Which Native American tribe did Nancy Ward become a leader of, due to her participation in battles against other tribes?

A

Cherokee

88
Q

Richard Henderson sent which two leaders to co-found Nashville?

A

John Donelson and James Robertson

89
Q

Who won the battle of King’s mountain?

A

The American Militia

90
Q

Francis Marion

A

“Swamp Fox”

91
Q

Marquis de Lafayette

A

Known as the “Soldiers friend”

92
Q

Baron Von Stuben

A

Trained soldiers at Valley Forge, Prussian

93
Q

George Rogers Clark

A

“George Washington of the West”

94
Q

Nathan Hale

A

“I regret that I have but one life to lose for my country”

95
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero/traitor

96
Q

Ben Franklin

A

Diplomat to France

97
Q

George Washington

A

Commander of the Continental Army

98
Q

The Magna Carta is an important influence on the Constitution because

A

It established the idea of limited government

99
Q

The English Bill Of Rights is significant because

A

It listed freedoms protected by the government

100
Q

The passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785 created a

A

System to auction public lands to pay off government debt

101
Q

The Land Ordinance of 1795 would require that

A

Part of each section would be set aside for schools

102
Q

What kind of stance did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 take on the issue of slavery?

A

Slavery was outlawed, but slave owners could bring their slaves in from other states

103
Q

What is the significance of the Articles of Confederation?

A

They established the first national government of the United States

104
Q

Why were the Articles of Confederation intentionally set up to be weak?

A

The new government under the Articles were intentionally set up to prevent an oppressive government like the colonies under Great Britain

105
Q

Daniel Shays and other farmers were at risk of losing their land because

A

They couldn’t pay their taxes or debts

106
Q

Following Shays rebellion, most Americans called for establishing

A

A stronger central (national) government

107
Q

Who is known as the, “Father of the Constitution”?

A

James Madison

108
Q

Small states wanted:

A

Equal state representation in Congress

109
Q

The Great (or Connecticut) Compromise created the

A

Bicameral legislature

110
Q

The members of the Senate are determined by

A

Equal state representation

111
Q

Members of the house of the representatives are determined by

A

Population of the state

112
Q

Which of the following established a way selves would be counted for representation and taxation in Congress?

A

The 3/5ths compromise

113
Q

At the constitutional convention, congress decided that it couldn’t ban the international slave trade until

A

1808

114
Q

In what year was the Constitutionsl Convention held?

A

1787

115
Q

Where was the constitutional convention held?

A

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

116
Q

States electoral votes are based on

A

Population

117
Q

According to the Constitution, how is the chief executive(president) elected?

A

By electoral vote

118
Q

Define ratify

A

Approve

119
Q

Antifedralists didn’t like the constitution because

A

It didn’t have a bill of rights

120
Q

What were the federalist papers?

A

Articles for the ratification of the constitution

121
Q

Why was the Bill of Rights added to the constitution?

A

To protect personal liberties

122
Q

People who supported the Constitution were known as

A

Federalists

123
Q

The constitution only needed ____ states to pass it

A

9

Eighth Grade Social Studies (25 decks)

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