Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical 1 > Midterm Study Guide > Flashcards

Midterm Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

study of the structure of any living thing

A

anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

study of the function of the parts of living organisms

A

physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spaces withing the body that contain vital organs

A

body cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

organs in the cranial cavity

A

brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

organs in the thoracic cavity

A

heart, lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

organs in the spinal cavity

A

spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

organs in the pelvic cavity

A

reproductive organs, urinary organs, part of the large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

organs in the abdominal cavity

A

liver, kidneys, intestines, spleen, colon, stomach, pancreas, appendix, gall bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

frontal plane

A

a longitude plane dividing the body or its parts into front and back halves or parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

sagittal plane

A

a longitude plane diving the head and torso into left and right parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mid-sagittal plane

A

midline longitudinal plane dividing the head and torso into left and right halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

transverse plane

A

divides body into upper and lower parts or halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

structure more in front than another structure

A

ventral/anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

structure more in back than another structure

A

dorsal/posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

structure further away from the surface

A

deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

structure close to the surface

A

superficial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(only limbs) being closer to median plane or root of the limb

A

proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(only limbs) being further away from median plane or root of the limb

A

distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

structure being close to feet or lower body parts

A

inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

structure being close to head or higher body part

A

superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

being closer to median plane

A

medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

being further away from median

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

patient flat on back

A

supine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

patient face down

A

prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How many sections is the abdominal cavity divided into?

A

9 regions, 4 quadrants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is lithotomy position used for?

A

pelvic exams in females, rectal exams, childbirth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is prone position used for?

A

examination of posterior body surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is sim’s position used for?

A

colonoscopy, enemas, rectal suppositories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what is trendelenburg position used for?

A

prevent and treat shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what is supine position used for?

A

exams of anterior body surfaces, breast exams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is sitting position used for?

A

listening (auscultation) of heart and lungs; taking blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is fowler’s position used for?

A

promote respiration in patients who have shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is homeostasis? give examples

A

ability of the body to maintain relative stability and to function normally despite constant changes. body temperature-shiver when cold, sweat when hot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

most abundant compound in the human body

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

water found in blood vessels

A

plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

water found in lymphatic vessels

A

lymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

water within cells

A

intracellular fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

water found between cells

A

tissue fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Fe

A

iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Ca

A

calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

O

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

H

A

hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Na

A

sodium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Mg

A

magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Cl

A

chlorine

46
Q

K

A

potassium

47
Q

complementary base pairing of DNA

A

adenine + thymine

guanine + cytosine

48
Q

which nucleic acid molecule makes up the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell and make up the genetic code for hereditary characteristics?

A

DNA

49
Q

3 major parts of a cell

A

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane

50
Q

control center of the cell

A

nucleus

51
Q

in _____ the cells produces are needed for the growth and repair of tissues

A

mitosis

52
Q

in _____ the cells produced are egg or sperm cells

A

meiosis

53
Q

movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration

A

diffusion

54
Q

diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

A

osmosis

55
Q

outer membrane of cell controls in and out movement

A

cell membrane

56
Q

directs cell organelle activity; separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane; contains genetic material

A

nucleus

57
Q

surrounds nucleus; allow materials to enter and leave the nucleus; 2 layers

A

nuclear membrane

58
Q

found in nucleus; made of DNA; genes in these contain instructions for traits and characteristics

A

chromosomes

59
Q

inside nucleus; helps synthesize RNA that form rbosomes

A

nucleolus

60
Q

gel like substance inside cell membrane; helps the cell to thrive and function

A

cytoplasm

61
Q

lacks ribosomes; synthesizes lipids and phospholipids

A

smooth ER

62
Q

ribosomes embedded in surface; synthesize proteins

A

rough ER

63
Q

make proteins and produce substances needed for cell repair and reproduction

A

ribosomes

64
Q

power plant of cell; controls level of water

A

mitochondria

65
Q

receive proteins from rough ER; help move materials within and out of cell

A

Golgi bodies

66
Q

contain powerful enzymes that clean up intracellular debris and waste

A

lysosomes

67
Q

3 parts of the cell theory

A
  1. All living things are made up of cells
  2. Cells are the smallest working unit of all living things
  3. All cells come from preexisting cells though cell division
68
Q

smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions

A

cell

69
Q

an environment with an equal amount of a particular molecule in the solution and in the cell

A

isotonic

70
Q

an environment with a lesser quantity of a particular molecule than in the cell

A

hypotonic

71
Q

an environment with greater quantity of a particular molecule than exists in a cell

A

hypertonic

72
Q

a group of cells with a similar structure and function

A

tissues

73
Q

difference between endocrine and exocrine glands

A

endocrine-no ducts; release into blood stream

exocrine- ducts

74
Q

2 examples of endocrine glands

A

thyroid glands; pituitary glands

75
Q

2 examples of exocrine glands

A

sudoriferous glands; subaceous glands

76
Q

type of tissue that lines and covers surfaces

A

epithelial tissue

77
Q

type of tissue that protects, supports, and binds together

A

connective tissue

78
Q

type of tissue that produces movement

A

muscle tissue

79
Q

type of tissue that receives stimuli and conducts impulses

A

nerve tissue

80
Q

3 main types of muscle tissue. voluntary or involuntary?

A
  1. Cardiac-involuntary
  2. Skeletal-voluntary
  3. Smooth (visceral)-involuntary
81
Q

levels of organization from simplest to most complex

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

82
Q

2 types of sudoriferous glands and their location

A

apocrine- armpits, genital area

eccine- all over body

83
Q

function of sebaceous glands

A

secrete oily liquid into hair follicles or onto surface of skin

84
Q

name of oil secreted by the sebaceous glands

A

sebum

85
Q

5 layers of epidermis

A
  1. stratum corneum
  2. stratum lucidum
  3. stratum granulosum
  4. stratum spinosum
  5. stratum germinativum
86
Q

where does mitosis take place?

A

stratum germinativum

87
Q

3 main layers of the skin

A

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

88
Q

name the burn- superficial, epidermis lesions

A

1st degree

89
Q

name the burn- epidermis + upper dermis, blisters, hyperesthesia, erythema

A

2nd degree

90
Q

name the burn- epidermis + entire dermis, charred and white tissue, nerves destroyed, skin grafting needed

A

3rd degree

91
Q

loss of pigment in the skin

A

vitiligo

92
Q

most severe type of skin cancer

A

melanoma

93
Q

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous

A

dermititis

94
Q

inflammation of the tendons

A

tendonitis

95
Q

necrosis of skin tissue resulting from ischemia

A

gangrene

96
Q

pain of many muscles

A

polymyalgia

97
Q

pertaining to below the stomach

A

hypogastric

98
Q

pertaining to under the skin

A

subcutenaous

99
Q

condition of no development

A

atrophy

100
Q

condition of a slow heart

A

bradycardia

101
Q

abnormal condition of death

A

necrosis

102
Q

abnormal condition of no sweat

A

anhidrosis

103
Q

removal of fascia

A

fasciectomy

104
Q

joint pain

A

arthralgia

105
Q

removal of wrinkles

A

rhytidectomy

106
Q

surrounding heart tissue

A

pericardium

107
Q

discharge of sebum

A

seborrhea

108
Q

surgical removal of skin

A

dermatoplasty

109
Q

-rrhea

A

flow; discharge

110
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

111
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

Medical 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions