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231 (March 22) > Midterm Prep Questions > Flashcards

Midterm Prep Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Scurvy

A

lack of vitamin C

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2
Q

rickets

A

caused by a deficiency of vitamin D

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3
Q

Blindness may be caused by a deficiency

A

of vitamin A

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4
Q

seizures may develop as a result of a

A

lack of vitamin B6

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5
Q

risk of heart disease is linked to

A

Low folate and vitamins B6 and B12

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6
Q

bone brittleness

A

Lack of vitamin K

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7
Q

cardiac issues – blood clotting and arterial health

A

Low vitamin D

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8
Q

linked to colorectal cancer

A

Low vitamin D

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9
Q

Vitamin D

A

has been used as a treatment for breast cancer

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10
Q

The heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the

A

pulmonary artery

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11
Q

heart pumps blood to the body via the

A

aorta

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12
Q

Right side of the heart is the

A

pulmonary circulation

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13
Q

left side of heart is the

A

systemic circulation

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14
Q

When the heart contracts

A

systole

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15
Q

when the heart relaxes

A

diastole

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16
Q

Venae Cavae

A

are large vessels that move deoxygenated blood to heart’s right upper chamber called atrium

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17
Q

atrium

A

heart’s right upper chamber

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18
Q

ventricle

A

heart’s right lower chamber

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19
Q

After the right atrium fills, it contracts and pumps blood into the

A

heart’s right lower chamber, called the ventricle.

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20
Q

When the right ventricle is full, it contracts and pumps blood through

A

the pulmonary artery into the lungs.

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21
Q

In the lungs, blood

A

picks up oxygen and discards carbon dioxide.

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22
Q

oxygenated blood flows from the lungs through the

A

pulmonary veins into the heart’s left atrium.

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23
Q

pulmonary veins

A

carries oxynated blood from lungs to heart’s left atrium

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24
Q

After the left atrium fills,

A

it contracts and pumps blood into the left ventricle.

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25
Q

When the left ventricle is full, it pumps blood through the

A

aorta—the body’s largest artery—for distribution to the rest of the body’s blood vessels.

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26
Q

valves

A

Veins have thin walls and use valves to control blood flow

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27
Q

People who believe they are in control of their own lives are said to have an

A

internal
locus of control.

28
Q

Those who believe that
factors beyond their control determine the
course of their lives are said to have an

A

external locus of control.

29
Q

Proteins & Carbs have

A

4 calories/gram)

30
Q

Fats have

A

9 calories/gram

31
Q

low-density lipoprotein)

A

bad” cholesterol

31
Q

high-density lipoprotein

A

good” cholesterol

32
Q

complete proteins;

A

Foods from animal sources provide

33
Q

incomplete proteins

A

plants provide

34
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

activated in times of arousal (stress)

Uses the neurotransmitter norepinephrine / epinephrine

35
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Relaxation

The opposite action of the sympathetic system

36
Q

Epinephrine

A

promotes the release of immune cells but decreases their efficiency

37
Q

overload

A

The amount of
stress placed
on the body; a
gradual increase
in the amount of
overload causes
adaptations that
improve fitness.

38
Q

FITT-VP

A

Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type, Volume,
and Progression.

39
Q

SPECIFICITY

A

To develop a fitness com-
ponent, you must perform exercises that are specifically designed for that component.

40
Q

behavioural model

A

focuses on what
people do—their overt behaviour—rather
than on brain structures and chemistry
or on thoughts and consciousness.

41
Q

This
model regards psychological problems
as maladaptive behaviours or bad habits.

A

behavioural model

42
Q

cognitive model

A

emphasizes the
effect of ideas on behaviour and feeling.

behaviour results
from complicated attitudes, expectations, and motives rather than from
simple, immediate reinforcements

43
Q

changing the way a
person thinks about the feared situation
and their ability to cope with it.

A

cognitive model

44
Q

The essence of behaviour
therapy is to

A

discover what reinforcements
keep an undesirable behaviour going and
then to try to alter those reinforcements.

45
Q

Cognitive therapy tries to

A

expose and
identify false ideas that produce negative
feelings, such as anxiety and depression.

46
Q

psychodynamic model

A

do not believe thoughts can be
changed directly because they are fed by
other unconscious ideas and impulses.

47
Q

biological model

A

emphasizes that the mind’s activity depends entirely on an organic structure, the brain, whose
composition is genetically determined.

pharmacological therapies

47
Q

In psychodynamic therapy,

A

clients speak as freely as possible in front of the therapist and try to understand the basis of their feelings toward the therapist and others.

48
Q

right side of the heart

A

pumps blood to the lungs

49
Q

left side of the heart

A

pumps blood to the body

50
Q

Good way to plan for change

A
  1. Smart Goals
  2. Start Small
  3. Stay optimistic
51
Q

Veins

A

carry blood TO the heart

52
Q

Arteries

A

carry blood AWAY from the heart

53
Q

superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC),

A

the two main veins that bring blood back to the heart

54
Q

Lung cancer

A

kills more people than any other type of cancer.

Tobacco smoke is the primary cause.

55
Q

Smoking

A

can elevate the LDL, or “bad,” cholesterol in your blood and decrease HDL, or “healthy,” cholesterol.

56
Q

Tobacco

A

raises your risk for gum disease.

57
Q

Social Wellnes

A

Reducing stress in situations withs lots of people is an example of social wellness

58
Q

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline,

A

prepares the body for a fight or flight response during stressful situations.

59
Q

Treatment therapy focused on the subjects past experiences is an example of:

A

Psychodynamic therapy

60
Q

Reducing stress in situations with lots of people is an example of

A

Social wellness

61
Q

Which is not a good way to plan for change?

A

Keep the plan to yourself

62
Q

Blood from the lower body returns to the heart through:

A

Inferior vena cava

largest vein in the human body,

63
Q

superior vena cava

A

receive blood from the upper limbs, head and neck

64
Q

Symptoms of tobacco use

A
  1. Gum disease
  2. Higher rates of Diabetes
  3. Lower HDL
65
Q
A

231 (March 22) (20 decks)

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