Midterm I Flashcards
Parts of diencephalon?
epithalamus thalamus hypothalamus metathalamus subthalamus
what does lamina rostralis do?
connect the rostrum to lamina terminalis
walls of triangular recess
inferior: anterior comissure
laterally: columns of fornix
ventrally: lamina terminalis
what arteries run in the posterior perforating substases?
penetrating branches of the posterior cerebral artery and ords communicating arteries
which trigon do we find in the quadrigeminal plate?
lemniscal trigon
borders of the lemiscal trigon?
anterior: inferior brachium
posterior+ inferior: superior cerebellar peduncle
laterally: cerebral peduncle
what are the parts of the pons?
anterior: base
posterior: tegmentum
cranial nerves ass. with pons?
trigerminal (5)
abducent (6)
facial (7)
vestibulocochlear (8)
nerve 1
olfactory
nerve 2
optic
nerve 3
oculomotor
nerve 4
trochlear
nerve 5
trigerminal
nerve 6
abducent
nerve 7
facial
nerve 8
vestibulocochlear
nerve 9
glossopharyngeal
nerve 10
vagus
nerve 11
accessory
nerve 12
hypoglossal
fissures of cerebellum?
anterior lobe - primary fissure posterior lobe -horizontal fissure -posterolateral fissure flocculonodular lobe
Archicerebellum partsa?
flocculus
noduluds
lingula
Paleocerebellum parts?
anterior lobe
vermis
medial hemispheres
tonsils
Neocerebellum parts?
posterior lobe
nuclear of cerebellum?
dentate (only you can see) fastigial emboliform globose interposed
synonyme for superior cerebellar peduncle?
brachium conjuctivum
synonym for middle cerebral peduncle?
brachium pontis
synonym for inferior cerebellar peduncle?
restiform body
how much of the cardiac output goes to the brain?
15%
parts of the ICA?
- cervical *
- petrous *
- lacerum
- cavernous *
- clinoid (siphon) *
- cerebral*
what supply the dorsal Dura mater?
dorsal meningeal artery from cavernoud part of ICA
what supply the neurohypophysis?
inferior hypophysial artery from cavernous part of ICA
what supply the adenohypophysis?
superior hypophysial artery from opthalmic part of ICA
what supply the choroid plexus of the lateral and third ventricle?
anterior choroidal artery from ICA
what supplys most of the nucleis?
anterior choroidal artery
which artery can you fint in the anterior perforated substance?
branches of the pre communicating part of the anterior cerebral artery
which artery can you find in the lateral sulcus?
middle cerebral artery
segments of the middle cerebral artery?
M1: sphenoidal
M2: insular
M3: opercular
M4: cortical segment
what supplies the choroid plexus of 4th ventricle?
posterior choroidal artery from PICA
what supply the medulla oblongata?
posterior spinal a.
PICA
what supply the pons?
branches of basilar artery (pontine)
what supply the midbrain?
posterior cerebral
posterior communicating
superior cerebellar
what are the superficial cerebral veins?
superior cerebral vein inferior cerebral vein. superficial middle cerebral vein -troland to SSS -labbe to transverse sinus
what are the deep cerebral veins?
Internal cerebral vein
- vein of seprum pellusidum
- choroidal vein
- thalomostriat vein
Basal vein of Rosenthal
duplcations of the dura?
cerebral (major) falx cerebellar (minor) falx tentorium diaphragm sella trigerminal (Meckles) cave
which main veins drain into cavernous sinus?
superficial middle cerebral vein
inferior cerebral vein
outflow of cavernous sinus?
superior and inferior petrosal
content of the cavernous sinus?
CN 3 4 (5) 6 + ICA
whre does superior and inferior petrosal sinus drain?
into sigmoid sinus right where it becomes jugular
what are emissary veins?
communicating with the venous sinuses and the dipole of the calavirum
where does the basilar plexus drain?
internal vertebral venous plexus
what supply the dura mater?
where can we find them?
branches from the external carotid artery
anterior meningeal
middle meningeal
posterior meningeal
lies betwee the two layers
names of the layers of dura mater in spinal cord
dural sac inner
Endorachis outer
level of the spinal cord?
Foramen magnum to L1
name of IVF
Monro
bloos supply to the spinal cord
anterior and posterial spinal arteries
segmental artery from aorta
venous dranage of spinal cord?
interanal venous plexus of Baston
following the cingulate gyrus which sulcus and lobe in anterior?
Marginal sulcus
paracentral lobe
following the cingulate gyrus which sulcus and lobe in posterior?
turn into pre-cuneus
parieto-occipital sulcus
sulcus inferior to cuneus on occipital lobe?
calcarine sulcus
cingulate gyrus becomes what and where?
at isthmus it becomes parahyppocampal gyrus
what is the continuation of stria og indusium griseum?
fasciolar gyrus into dentate gyrus
what is the limen of the insula?
elongation of the olfactory stria
what are the lobes of cerebrum?
- frontal
- parietal
- occipital
4 temporal - insula
- limbic
components of limbic lobe?
cingulate gyrus parahippocampal gyrus dentate gyrus paraterminal gyrus subcollosal area
what are the two parts of the colomns of fornix?
Pars libera (visible) pars tecta (hidden)
what are the two connections of the mammilary body?
fornix
mammilothalamic tract
parts of the thalamus?
pulvinar
metathalamus
what seperates the hypothalamus and thalamus?
hypothalamic sulus
which geniculate body does the optic tract go to?
lateral
what are the parts of the hypothalamus?
optic chiasm
mammilary bodys
infundibulum
tuber cinerum
layers of the meninges from ex to int?
dura x2
arachnoid
pia (attatched to brain)
synonym and derivatives of the forebrain?
prosenchephalon into:
telencephalon
diencephalon
derivatives from diencephalon?
thalamus hypothalamus optic nerve and retina epithalamus mamillary bodies globus pallidus
derivatives of telencephalon
cerebral hemispheres
striatum (caudate + putamen)
synonym and derivativ of midbrain?
mesencephalon:
midbrain
synonym and derivatives of hinbrain?
Rhombencephalon:
- metencephalon: pons and cerebellum
- mylencephalon: medulla obligata
components of the rhomboid fossa?
superior cerebellar peduncle superior medullary velum locus cervicus sulcus limitans median eminence facial colliculus stria medullaris hypoglossal trigon vagal trigon obex are posterma vestibule
what is epithalamus?
pineal gland
other name for reticular arteries?
artery of adamkiewicz
parts of the spinal cord
medulla oblongata medulla spinalis: cervical part (with thickening!) thoracic part lumbar part (with thickening) ends in conus medullaris with the internal and external filum terminate
name of the end of spinal cord looking like a horse tail
cauda equina
is there a connection between arteries in spinal cord?
hairpin junction of radicular a. and anterior spinal artery
what are the parts of the spinal nerves?
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 cocygeal
dorsal and ventral hornes what type of nerves?
dorsal: sensory
Ventral: motor
which layer of the dura makes the duplications?
meningeal layer
what is the denticulate ligament?
pierces arachnoid and attach to dural sac
name of the roof of dorellos canal?
Grubers ligament
the taenias?
taenia thalami
medial:
tenia fimbria –> tenia fornicis (MFF)
lateral:
tenia terminalis –> tenia choroidea
what are the tenia of the inferior horn?
tenia terminalis and fimbria
what are the tenia of the central part of lateral ventricle=
tenia choroidea and tenia fornicis
structures on thalamus from medial to lateral?
tela choroidea
lamina affixa
thalomostriat vein
stria terminalis
what is the base of the pons?
the bulb sticking out anteriorly
has the cavity of septum pellusidum fluid?
what is its pathological name?
no fluid
vargo cavity
what is the name of the withe matter region in the hemisphere?
centrum semiovale
is there a 3rd nucleus when looking at the triatum?
arcuate nucleus
what is tela choroidea?
name for choroid vessles with pia and choroid epithelium
regions supplied by ACA?
medial region of:
frontal
parietal
occipital
regions supplied by PCA?
inferior region of:
temporal
occipital
regions supplied by MCA
middle margins of all lobes
what is indisum griseum?
it is the grey matter lamina of the cingulate gyrus
does the fornix have a commissure?
between the crus befor it merges into the body it has the hippocampal comissure
branches of the lateral sulcus of sylvius?
posterior branch
acending
horizontal/anterior
name of the sentral sulcus?
Rolando
gyrus of frontal lobe?
precentral superior middle inferior - opercular -triangular -orbital
medial surface of the frontal lobe gyrus and lobule?
anterior paracentral lobule with the medial precentral gyrus
paraterminal gyrus
subcollosal area
parts of the convex parietal lobe?
post central gyrus post central sulcus superior parietal lobule -interparietal sulcus inferior parietal lobule -supramarginal -angular -opercular
how to find angular gyrus?
place your fingers on the posterior part of the superior temporal sulcus
how to find supramarginal gyrus?
place your fingers on the posterior ramus of lateral sulcus
where is the transvers gyrus of Heschl?
within the lateral sulcus
extending from superios temporal gyrus to the medial genculat body
what is the limbus Giacomini?
the uncus ligament where the dentate gyrus terminates
what connects the hippocampus to the thalamus?
fornix to mammillary
mammillary to anterior thalamic nuleus
path of the paraterminal gyrus?
converge anteriorly and fuse with indisium griseum that becomes the fasciolar gurys and then dentate ending in the limbus giacomini
pathways of the olfactory stria?
lateral to limen of insula then terminates in the hippocampal gyrus
medial to subcolossal area at the beginning of the cingulate gyrus
where is the basal nuclei developed fro?
telencephalon
what divides the globus pallidus into medial and lateral?
medial medullary lamina
parts of the substenital niga?
pars compacta
pars reticularis
parts of epithalamus?
pineal body
habenular trigon
choroid plexus of 3rd ventricle
tenia thalami
borders of the habenular trigon?
medial: taenia thalami + habenular comissure
lateral: thalamus
posterior: superior colliculus
parts of thalamus?
metathalamus
pulvinar
interthalamic adhesion
parts of hypothalamus?
optic chiasm
mammilary bodys
infundibulum