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INTRO TO OT > Midterm- History > Flashcards

Midterm- History Flashcards

1
Q

What is OT?

A

Helps people across the lifespan do what they want and need to do through therapeutic use of daily activities

Promote health or maximize life with injury, illness or disability

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2
Q

What is moral treatment and who used the term?

A

Philippe Pinel in 1801

Based on humanism

Treating people with respect, basic needs, exercise, work, variety of occupations, routine (stability)

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3
Q

Who was William Turke?

A

Founded the York retreat in England

Worked with Pinel

Moral treatment in hospitals

Physician prescribed daily routines

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4
Q

Who was John Ruskin?

A

Factory worker

Lost his job and got anxiety

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5
Q

What was the “do it yourself” mentality?

A

Societies response

Encouraged people to make products by hands promoting meaningful lifestyles

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6
Q

Who was Herbert J Hall?

A

Near founder of OT

Work as alternative to bed rest and created sheltered workshops

Believer in power of using ones hands

Called OT “science of prescribed work”

Handicrafts got the handicapped- book

Occupation provides peace of mind

Industry should be created to hire OT for ppl with disability

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7
Q

Who was Adolf Meyers?

A

Leader in the medical profession

Collaborated with Julia Lathrop and brought craftwork to mentally ill

Presented the first organized model of OT in 1921

“The philosophy of OT” was the first article in the Archives if OT

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8
Q

Who was William Rush Dunton Jr?

A

Psychiatrist who recommended exercise, work and recreation for his patients with mental illness

Structured occupation through arts and crafts

President of NSPOT in 1917

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9
Q

What was William Rush Dunton Jr 3 types of occupation?

A

1) invalid- diversion from illness
2) occupational therapy- restore function following illness
3) vocation training- restoration following a disability

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10
Q

What year was the NSPOT founded?

A

1917

Barton, Dunton, Slagle, Johnson, Kidner, Tracy, Hall

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11
Q

Who was George Edward Barton?

A

Architect and trained in medicine and nursing

Foot surgery then paralysis and healing effect of occupation

Strong connection between medical field and occupation

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12
Q

Who was Eleanor Clarke Slagle?

A

Vice President of NSPOT

Trained nurse and OT

Founded Henry B Favell School of Occupation

AOTA honored her by creating an annual Honorary Guest Lectureship: “the Slagle”

“Habit training” for the chronically ill

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13
Q

Who was Susan Johnson?

A

High school teacher

Focused on importance of OT education and psych

Wrote on the role of OT in hospitals

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14
Q

Who was Thomas Kidner?

A

Canadian architect and attended rehab for returning soldiers and industrial accidents

Process vs end product

Leader of NSPOT- president for 6 terms

Standards for OT education were set in his time

6 hours daily for 12 months

Education- psych, anatomy, kinesiology, orthopedics, mental disease, medical concerns and crafts

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15
Q

Who was Susan Elizabeth Tracy?

A

Nurse

Promoted holistic approach

One of first educators of OT

Wrote- studies of the invalid occupations: a Manual for nurses and attendants (1912)

Promoted concept of “adaptation”

Healing effects of “the therapists”

OT should be in medication and subscribed by physician

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16
Q

What was the effect of WW1 in OT?

A

Increase population served

Therapist refined ideas and demonstrated purpose in medical field

Hired OT as civilian workers- “reconstruction aides”

Aides used woodwork and metalwork

OT was accepted and expanded

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17
Q

Who was the first psychiatrist to notice utility of OT in the war zone?

A

Dr. Frankwood Williams

18
Q

What was the post war boom effect on OT?

A

Economic boom in 1920- increase # of hospitals and OTs

Legislation increased the need for OT

End of 1920- OT was recognized as a medical ancillary service

1923- minimum standards to become OT was adopted by AOTA

19
Q

What was the Smith- Bankhead Bill in 1920?

A

Vocational rehabilitation

People with disabilities could be rehabilitated

20
Q

What was the Federal Industrial Rehabilitation Act of 1923?

A

Required hospitals to employ OT to rehabilitate patients after accidents and illnesses

21
Q

What associations assisted in establishing standards for training and accreditation?

A

AOTA and American Medical Association (AMA)

22
Q

What was the effect of the great depression and WW2 on OT?

A

1929- expansion in OT were haltered with market crash

Decrease in OT jobs, closing clinics, no funding for lack of military status so no OT

WW2- 12 OTs and few facilities were open for returning soldiers

Govt- responded and gave more funding

23
Q

What was the Vocational Act if 1943?

A

Allowed for payment of medical services including OT

24
Q

What was the rehabilitation movement in 1942-1960?

A

More returning soldiers and demand= rehabilitation movement

Rehabilitative OT consisted of- technical intervention, training and fitting of prosthetics and orthotics, activities of daily living and resistant exercises to improve strength

OT little connection to theory or models

25
Q

Education is blank

Practice is blank

A

Education- medically based

Practice- deficit focused

26
Q

What happened in 1950?

A

OT assistants education began to accommodate needs

27
Q

What happened in the 1960s?

A

Advances in tech

Medicare and Medicaid

Survival rates for those injured and infants with medical conditions

Higher pop with disabilities and higher demand for OT

Hand therapy, SCI, SI

New schools and clinics

Practice in substance abuse

28
Q

What happened in the 1970s and 80s?

A

Medical care became expensive

deinstitutionalization of mentally ill

OT shifted towards community setting

Standardized assessment emerged as justification for services

State licensure was adopted to ensure quality of therapists

29
Q

What was the 1975 Education for all Handicapped Children Act?

A

Ensured education for children with disabilities and marked entrance of OT in public schools

30
Q

What is the Uniform Terminology of OT?

A

AOTA unified the profession by creating this

Describes the roles of OT and introduced concepts of performance components and performance areas and terminology for documentation

31
Q

When was the philosophical base of OT published?

A

1979

32
Q

What happened in the 1990s?

A

Individuals decided on healthcare

OT home and rehabilitation in nursing facilities

Theory foundations and clinical reasoning recognized as key to OT practice

Performance based models and framework- PEO, CMOP

New field of occupational Science of occupation and scientific knowledge regarding occupations and OT practice

33
Q

What was the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act if 1990?

A

Public education and services including OT services

34
Q

What was the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990? ADA

A

Increased need for OT

Prohibited discrimination of people with disabilities

Architectural barriers and environmental modifications

Building accessibility- QOL

35
Q

Where and when was post professional OTD first offered?

A

1994

Nova southeastern university

36
Q

What university offered entry level OTD?

A

Creighton university

37
Q

When was baccalaureate OT phased out and entry level MOT was needed?

A

2007

38
Q

What are the key practice areas AOTA identified?

A

Older adults

Health care disparities

Obesity management

QOL

Tech

39
Q

What did the 2017 Centennial Vision do?

A

Continue research and validation of therapeutic interventions

Occupations as a vehicle bot health of all people in the global community

40
Q

What does the vision 2025 do and it’s pillars?

A

Builds on Centennial vision to guide profession beyond its 100 year anniversary in 2017

Pillars help define and communication the visions core tenets to key stakeholders (OTs, OTA, educators, students, consumers, policy makers, and public)

41
Q

What are the pillars?

A

Effective- evidence based, client centered and cost effective

Leaders- influential in changing policies, environments and complex systems

Collaborative- excel in working with clients w/n systems to produce effective outcomes

Accessible- culturally responsive and customized services

Equity, inclusion and diversity- intentionally inclusive and equitable and embrace diversity

42
Q

Who was the person who missed the NSPOT meeting?

A

Susan Elizabeth Tracy

INTRO TO OT (12 decks)

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