midterm exam Flashcards
what were europeans’ main motives for making voyages of exploration?
to grow wealthy and spread Christianity
why was zheng he important?
he led seven chinese overseas explorations
why was the introduction of european firearms in japan successful?
it corresponded with the warring states period of new feudalism
what were china’s main reason for rejecting british offers of trade?
british merchants refused to kowtow to the emperor
what two main reasons kept china from becoming highly industrialized?
the idea of commerce offended confucian beliefs, and taxes on manufactured goods were high
why was the caravel an important development in navigation?
it was able to sail against the wind
korea was a good vassal state of which country during the 1700s?
china
how did prince henry of portugal influence exploration?
he founded a navigational school on the coast of portugal
why was tokugawa leyasu upset by the success of Christian missionaries?
he feared religious uprisings and Christian interference in politics
what was the purpose of the treaty of tordesillas signed by portugal and spain?
to decrease conflict over the claiming of new lands
where in the americas did christopher columbus land first?
an island in the caribbean sea
what was the primary difference between french and english colonization?
the french were focused on the fur trade; the english were focused on establishing settlements
what helped to increase the slave trade in africa during the seventeenth century?
the spread of islam into africa
who conquered the aztec empire?
hernando cortés
which of the following did NOT aid the spanish in conquering the aztecs?
larger forces
on what assumption was the encomienda system based?
that europeans had the right to demand labor from native americans
why did the english want to take control new netherland?
new netherland separated england’s northern and southern colonies
what was one result of the loss of native lives to disease?
a sever shortage of labor in the colonies
how did slavery on african and muslim societies differ from slavery in the americas?
slavery in the americas was based on race and heredity
what was one effect in europe of the financial success of american colonies?
the prices of goods steadily increased
according to the policy of mercantilism, how could a nation increase its wealth?
it should sell more goods than it buys from other countries
how was africa affected by the atlantic slave trade?
many culture lost their fittest members, and families were torn apart
what problem helped to weaken the spanish empire?
spanish experienced a period of severe inflation and heavy taxes
how did the united provinces of the netherlands differ from neighboring states?
it had elected governors whose power depended on land owes and merchants
how did cardinal richelieu work to increase the power of the bourbon monarchy?
he moved against the huguenots and weakened the power of the nobles
what event led to the war of the spanish succession?
charles II made louis XIV’s grandson his heir, adding to bourbon power
what was the thirty years war a conflict over?
religion, territory and power among european ruling families
why did strong states form more slowly in central europe than in western europe?
they weak empire and poor economies without a middle class
what was the significance of the english bill of rights?
it made clear the limits of royal power
where were some of the things peter the great did to westernize russia?
he raised women’s status and made nobles wear western fashions
what was the reason ivan IV was called ivan the terrible?
he organized a police force that murdered people he considered traitors
how did the puritans finally win the english civil war?
cromwell’s army defeated the royalists, and the puritans held the king prisoner
