chp 24 test

Question 1

peninsulares

Answer 1

latin americans born in spain

Question 2

creoles

Answer 2

spaniards born in latin america

Question 3

mulattos

Answer 3

people of mixed european and african ancestry

Question 4

simón bolívar

Answer 4

leader of the venezuelan independence movement, a wealthy venezuelan creole general

Question 5

josé de san martín

Answer 5

leader who helped win independence for chile and argentina, an argentinian creole general

Question 6

miguel hidalgo

Answer 6

priest who began the revolt against spanish rule in mexico

Question 7

josé maría morelos

Answer 7

leader of the mexican revolt after hidalgo was defeated

Question 8

conservative

Answer 8

european who wanted supported and wanted to preserve the monarchies of europe

usually wealthy property owners and nobility

Question 9

liberal

Answer 9

european who wanted to give more power to elected parliaments/legislatures

usually a middle-class business leader or merchant

Question 10

radical

Answer 10

european who wanted to end rule by kings and give full voting rights to all people

people who favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people

Question 11

nationalism

Answer 11

belief that a person’s loyalty belongs to their nation (people with whom they share culture and history) rather than to a king or empire

Question 12

nation-state

Answer 12

country with its own independent government

Question 13

the balkans

Answer 13

region including all or part of present-day greece, albania, bulgaria, romania, turkey, and former yugoslavia that was controlled mostly by the ottomans

Question 14

louis-napoleon

Answer 14

winner of the presidential elections in france in 1848; later emperor

Question 15

alexander II

Answer 15

ruler of russia who freed the serfs

Question 16

russification

Answer 16

policy of forcing russian culture on all ethnic groups in the russian empire

Question 17

camilo di cavour

Answer 17

prime minister who unified northern italy

Question 18

giuseppe garlbaldi

Answer 18

leader of the red shirts who won control over parts of southern italy

Question 19

junker

Answer 19

strongly conservative german members of prussia’s wealthy landowning class

supported by wilhelm I

Question 20

otto con bismarck

Answer 20

chosen by wilhelm I to be his prime minister, leader who worked to expand prussia

Question 21

realpolitik

Answer 21

tough, practical politics; practice of tough power politics without room for idealism

“the politics of reality”

Question 22

kaiser

Answer 22

a (german) emperor

Question 23

romanticism

Answer 23

movement in art and ideas that focused on emotion and nature rather than reason and society

Question 24

realism

Answer 24

artistic movement in which writers sought to show life as it really was rather than life as it should be

Question 25

impressionism

Answer 25

movement (mostly in painting) in which artists reacted against realism by seeking to convey their impressions of subjects or moments in time; style of art using light and light-filled colors to produce an “impression”