final exam Flashcards
what led to problems within the “self-strengthening movement” in china in the 1860s?
china suffered increasing foreign influence
what did NOT happen as a result of the opium war?
britain stopped selling opium to china
what did the opium war and the boxer rebellion have in common?
resentment of foreigners contributed to both
what effect did the visit of commodore perry have on the japanese?
japan and the united states signed the treaty of kanagawa
which of the following pairs of rulers tried to modernize their countries?
guangxu and mutsuhito
what action did the united states take to gain the right to build the panama canal?
it aided panama’s fight for independence from columbia
which of the following was NOT a reason for the political instability in latin america?
caudillos who implemented untested reforms that backfired
what was one major result of the spanish-american war?
the united states became an imperial power in latin america and the pacific
which two mexican leaders were most alike in their goals for reforming mexico?
benito juárez and alvaro obregón
which of the following statements best summarizes santa anna’s career?
he helped win independence from spain, and served as mexico’s president, but lost much territory to the united states
which countries made up europe’s great powers?
great britain, france, germany, austria-hungary, russia, and italy
what is the most probable link between militarism and imperialism?
as a country gains colonies, its military grows to protect them
what key factor led to the formation of the triple alliance and the triple entente?
bismarck’s fear of the french retaliation and britain’s fear of germany’s empire
what event in sarajevo ignited the great war?
the assassination of archduke franz ferdinand and his wife sophie
what was significant in the allied victory at the first battle of the marne?
it resulted in germany’s have to fight on two fronts
what was trench warfare intended to accomplish?
to protect soldiers from enemy gun fir on the front lines
what gamble did germany make before the united states entered the war?
that their blockade would defeat britain before the US arrived
what impact did the treaty of brest-litovsk have on germany?
it allowed germany to focus all their efforts on the western front
how did the allies respond to wilson’s vision for peace?
all of the above are true
what actions led to the formation of the new nations out of the central powers?
provisions of peace treaties signed with the central powers
what did the pogroms that occurred in the late 19th-century russia do?
violently persecute jews
who were the bolsheviks?
radical russian marxist revolutionaries
who did china’s peasants align themselves with in the 1920s?
communists
what were the soviets under russia’s provisional government?
local councils
what is a totalitarian state?
a state in which the government controls every aspect of public and private life
what was the purpose of the soviet state’s five-year plans?
economic development
who seized powe from persia’s shah and changed the name of his country to iran?
reza shah pahlavi
what did sun yixian’s revolutionary alliance accomplish?
overthrowing the last emperor
which group was known for taking a 6,000-mile journey known as the “long march?”
chinese communists, fleeing the nationalists
who led the famous protest known as the salt march?
mohandis k. gandhi
after world war I, most european nations had what type of government, if only temporarily?
democratic
what event marked the beginning of the great depression?
the stock market crash of 1929
what was one part of roosevelt’s new deal program to fight the depression?
large public works projects helped to provide jobs
il duce was the title of which of the following leaders?
benito mussolini
which german political part sought to overturn the treaty of versailles and combat communism?
nazi
which of the following was true of germany, italy, and japan during the 1930s?
all three successfully invaded other nations
what term was used to identify the alliance of germany, italy, and japan?
axis powers
what was the goal of the us isolationists after world war I?
that political ties to other nations should be avoided
what was the result of germany’s invasion of poland?
britain and france declared war on germany
how did the lend-lease act benefit the united states?
it enriched the US economy through selling arms to the allies
which of the following was NOT a reason for the expansion of japan’s empire?
the emperor wanted a larger empire to suit his divine status
what was the US response to japanese aggression in southeast asia in mid-1941?
cut oil supplies in japan
how were the holocaust and hitler’s “final solution” related?
holocaust is the term for the second genocide that resulted from the plan called the “final solution”
how did civilians join in the war effort?
all of the above
what was the allies’ plan for victory over the nazis?
the allies would fight germany on two fronts to weaken it
why were thousands of US citizens out in internet camps during the war?
they were of japanese descent and falsely labeled as enemies
why did president truman agree to use the atomic bomb?
to bring the war to the quickest possible end
which of the following is NOT a reason for the high number of displaced persons after the war?
the united states deported thousands of japanese-americans to japan
which of the following circumstances contributed to the breakdown of the alliance between the united states and the soviet union?
stalin’s unfulfilled promise of free elections
what statement did joseph stalin make shortly after president truman’s succession?
he said that communism and capitalism could not exist in the same world
which of the following worked together to produce similar goals
truman doctrine and containment
in what way did the existence of two china’s intensify the cold war between the united states and the USSR?
all of the above are true
what were the long-term effects of the cultural revolution?
widespread chaos that closed down factories and threatened farm production
what action did general macarthur take during the korean war that immediately led to his discharge?
attempted to use the press and congress to go over the president’s head
what unexpected turn of events occurred in postwar vietnam involving the united states?
vietnam eventually accepted foreign investment from the united states
how did the “bay of pigs” failure lead to the cuban missile crisis?
krushchev believed the united states was too weak to oppose soviet expansion into cuba
what was the primary goal for the soviet union’s invasion of afghanistan?
to support the afghan communist regime against muslim revolt
how did brezhnev’s leadership of the soviet union differ from that of krushchev?
brezhnev repressed dissent at home and abroad more than krushchev had
what influenced the independence movements of colonial countries?
all of the above
which of the following might have relocated after the partition of india?
a muslim in india
which of the following was caused by religious conflict?
the civil war in sri lanka
what hindered the development of the philippines after it gained independence?
economic and political dependence on the united states
which of the following has contributed to singapore’s high standard of living?
singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world
during the late 1900s, how were the philippines, myanmar, and algeria similar?
they all had rulers who refused to accept the results of an election
which nation is part of the central asian republics?
tajikistan
in which of the following ways we’re the mau mau and the PLO similar?
both fought for the liberation of their respective peoples
how were the assassinations of yitzhak rabin and anwar sadat similar?
each assassination came form the leader’s own religion
how did the declaration of principles affect palestinians living in gaza in 1993?
they were able to elect their own political representatives
why is a stable economy closely tied to the success of democratic government?
economic opportunity gives citizens a stake in their country’s future
which two latin american countries in this chapter are most alike and why?
brazil and argentina were both ruled by military dictators before transitioning to democracy
how did european colonists cause later conflicts in african nations?
they established boundaries that ignored ethnic and cultural divisions
which of the following is NOT a similarity in the way democracy has evolved in both the US and south africa?
the end of a minority-controlled government
how was the soviet union’s foreign policy changed by mikhail gorbachev?
arms control became one of gorbachev’s top priorities
what event cause germany to rethink its role in international affairs?
reunification of east and west germany
which force triggered the events that led to the collapse of the soviet union?
nationalism
how were the breakups of yugoslavia and czechoslovakia different?
czechoslovakia’s breakup was peaceful; yugoslavia’s was violent
which event began the process of opening up chinese-american relations?
zhou enlai invited an american table tennis team to tour china
why was china’s future uncertain after the death of deng xioping?
all of the above are true
