Midterm 4 (By bacteria 2) Flashcards
The virulence factors of P. multocida are the capsule and dermonecrotoxin
True
Pasteurella are very resistant in the environment
False
Pasteurella are obligate pathogens
False
We can use inactivated bacteria as a vaccine for Pasteurella
True
Hemorrhagic septicemia is caused by P. multocida B and E
True
Hemorrhagic septicemia infected animals carry the bacteria for 1 year
False
Hyaluronic acid capsule is important for the bacteria’s ability to replicate unhindered
True
Hemorrhagic septicemia is a slow and chronic disease
False
Endotoxins are important for the pathogenesis of the hemorrhagic septicemia disease
True
Antibiotics are highly effective against hemorrhagic septicemia
True
Attenuated vaccines can be used to prevent hemorrhagic septicemia
True
After recovery from hemorrhagic septicemia, cattle remain carriers
True
Hemorrhagic septicemia of cattle occurs only in tropical countries
False
Secondary infection can occur with haemorrhagic septicaemia of cattle
False
Hemorrhagic septicemia of cattle can be explained by endotoxin production
True
Hemorrhagic septicemia is mainly seen in sheep and horses
False
Respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle is caused by P. multocida A and M. haemolytica A
True
Most importance virulence factor of M. haemolytica is leukotoxin
True
Respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle is a common disease of young animals
True
Macrolides are recommended to use in case of respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle
True
Respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle appears in calves aged 1-3 months old
True
Respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle causes a fibrinous inflammation of serous membranes
True
Leukotoxin of M. haemolytica strains responsible for Pasteurella pneumonia attacks respiratory epithelium
True
Respiratory pasturellosis of cattle are mostly seen in the tropics
False
Respiratory pasteurellosis of cattle causes purulent pneumonia
True
We can use ELISA to diagnose respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle
True
A predisposing factor of respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle is transport
True
A predisposing factor of respiratory pasteurellosis in cattle is the presence of a viral infection
True
Lesions of respiratory pasteurellosis of calves are seen in the anterior lobes
True
Vaccination is widely used for prevention of bovine respiratory pasteurellosis.
True
Bibersteinia trehalosi is involved in development of acute systemic pasteurellosis
True
Serology is widely used to diagnose Pasteurella in sheep
False
Penicillin can be used to treat ovine pasteurellosis
True
The septicemic form of pasteurellosis is most common in sheep above 1 year
False
You can see croupus pneumonia in case of ovine systemic pasteurellosis
False
Systemic pasturellosis is seen in 2-4-week-old lambs
False
Pasteurella causes septicaemia in lambs
True
In suckling lambs, acute systemic pasteurellosis may occur
False
Pasteurellosis in the sheep may cause interstitial pneumonia
False
Pasteurellosis in the sheep can occur in the form of mastitis
True
Pasteurellosis in sheep may occur as a septicaemia
True
Emboli is the cause of sudden death in acute systemic pasturellosis
True
Vaccines can be used to prevent pasteurellosis in sheep
True
In the respiratory form of ovine pasteurellosis, hemorrhagic pneumonia is seen
False
Mycoplasmas can predispose swine to pasteurellosis
True
Vaccines can prevent pneumonia of swine caused by pasteurella
False
P. multocida A is causative agent of pneumonia caused by pasteurellosis in swine
True
Atrophic rhinitis can be prevented with toxoid vaccine given at weaning
False
PM lesions of atrophic rhinitis can be examined after transverse cut of the nose
True
Atrophic rhinitis is examined PM by a longitudinal section of the nose
False
Animals showing signs of atrophic rhinitis remain carriers
False
Atrophic rhinitis can be prevented by vaccinating the sow
True
Atrophic rhinitis cause disease in swine and calves
False
Dermonectotocin in case of atrophic rhinitis acts on the osteoblast cells
True
Atrophic rhinitis is caused by a synergistic interaction between B. bronchiseptica and P. multocida D
True
B. bronchiseptica can cause immunosuppression
False
Toxoid vaccines can be used for prevention of atrophic rhinitis
True
B. bronchiseptica strains producing toxins causing serious lesions
False
The typical PM lesions of atrophic rhinitis are caused by B. bronchiseptica strain
False
Atrophic rhinitis is a common disease that causes severe losses
False
Atrophic rhinitis only occurs pigs that were infected as suckling piglets
True
Atrophic rhinitis is proven by isolating P. multocida
False
Tetracyclines can successfully be used to treat atrophic rhinitis
True
Wrinkles and torsion of nose is the most prominent clinical sign of atrophic rhinitis
True
Fibrinous pneumonia can be seen during necropsy in case of pasteurellosis in rabbit
True
Pasteurellosis in rabbit causes high amount of nasal discharge
True
Pasteurellosis in rabbit is caused by P. multocida A
True
The chronic form of fowl cholera is caused by less virulent strains
True
Day-old chickens are resistant to fowl cholera
True
Vaccines against fowl cholera are not available
False
Fowl cholera may cause high mortality in water birds
False
Turkeys are not sensitive to fowl cholera
False
Fowl cholera occurs mainly at the end of the winter
False
Fowl cholera occurs mostly during the summer and autumn
True
Germinative infection is the primary way of spreading fowl cholera
False
Mortality of fowl cholera can reach 100% in a susceptible flock
True
In development of fowl cholera, plucking the animal has an important role
True
Fowl cholera can cause high losses among day-old chicken
False
Fowl cholera is caused by leukotoxin-producing Pasteurella (Mannheimia) haemolytica
False
Fowl cholera has higher mortality in young broiler stocks
False
Fowl cholera has high mortality in water poultry
False
Turkeys are not susceptible for fowl cholera
False
Fowl cholera is caused by Pasteurella haemolytica
False
Fowl choler occurs in the tropics and subtropics mostly
True
Wild birds are very susceptible to fowl cholera
False
Susceptibility in hens decrease with age in case of fowl cholera
False
Anatipestifer disease is caused by Riemerella anatipestifer
True
Endotoxin release is important in the pathogenesis of the anatipestifer disease
True
Anatipestifer disease mostly occurs in small backyard flocks
False
We can use agglutination to diagnose the anatipestifer disease
True
We can prevent anatipestifer disease by using inactivated vaccines
True
Anatipestifer disease only shows clinical signs in ducks
False
In the chronic form of anatipestifer disease, we can see fibrinous-purulent conjunctivitis
True
Anatipestifer disease mostly affects older birds
False
In the acute form of anatipestifer disease, we can see CNS signs
True
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale most commonly occurs in 3-4 week old turkeys
False
Penicillin can be used to treat Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale
True
Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is most commonly infected via germinative route
False
Thick, fibrinous nasal discharge is the most striking clinical signs in case of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale
False
Actinobacillosis in ruminants is a sporadic worldwide disease
True
Actinobacillosis of cattle appears in soft tissues around the mouth
True
Actinobacillosis most commonly enters body via wound infection
True
Antibiotics cannot be used successfully for treatment of actinobacillosis
False
Actinobacillosis can cause lameness due to encephalitis in foal
False
Actinobacillosis is caused by A. equuli in horses
True
Most important way of infection is via the umbilicus in case of Actinobacillosis in horses
True
Animals will not move due to high fever and encephalitis in case of Actinobacillosis in horses
False
Tetracyclines can cure the disease at any time in case of Actinobacillosis in horses
False
Paralysis of foals (in actinobacillosis) is the result of umbilical infection
True
“Timber tongue” is caused by Actinobacillus in foals
False
The so called pyosepticemia of adult horses (in actinobacillosis) occurs due to predisposing factors
True
A. equuli is present in healthy horses as well
True
Antibiotics can be used in treatment of A. equuli
True
Edema of the head is the most prominent clinical sign of A. equuli
True
Draught horses are more predisposed to the disease in case of A. equuli
True
A. equuli is a common disease in some areas of the world
False
Biotype 2 causes more severe disease in case of actinobacillosis in swine
False
To culture the bacterium actinobacillus in swine, cross culture with staphylococcus is needed
True
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia is caused by an obligate pathogen
False
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia infection in swine occurs in fattening animals
True
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia infection in swine spread via tracheal discharge
True
A. pleuropneumonia strains can cause pneumonia in swine and cattle
False
Biotype 1 strains of A. pleuropneumonia cause more severe disease than biotype 2
True
Swine Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia occurs in growers and fattening animals
True
In swine actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, herd treatment with antibiotics should be done
True
Swine Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia can be prevented by toxoid vaccine
True
Toxins are important virulence factors of A. pleuropneumonia strains
True
A. pleuropneumonia type 2 biotype strain widely cause disease
False
The 1st biotype of APP strains causes disease in large number of animals
True
The 2nd biotype of APP strains cause disease in large number of animals
False
Purulent nasal discharge can be seen in case of APP in swine
False
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia can be introduced by rodents into the pig farm
False
In swine actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, the changes are seen in the caudal lung lobes
True
Porcine polyserositis (Haemophilus parasuis) occurs in suckling piglets
False
Polyserositis affects many piglets and the mortality is high
False
Polyserositis may cause CNS symptoms
True
Polyserositis cause fibrin production
True
Polyserositis of pigs is seen in the first week of life
False
Polyserositis of pigs is caused by Actinobacillus suis
False
Polyserositis of pigs can be prevented with vaccination
True
The causative agent of porcine polyserositis is an epiphyte
True
Polyserositis of pigs is caused by Haematophilus parasuis
False
Glässer ́s disease causes severe purulent serositis
False
Polyserositis can successfully treat with antibiotics
True
Inactivated vaccine can be used to prevent polyserositis
True
Glässer’s disease is a common disease, and mortality is high
False
Glässer’s disease causes significant fibrin precipitation
True
Glässer’s disease may cause neurological signs
True
Infectious coryza spreads slowly in the flock
False
Day-old chicks are most susceptible to infectious coryza
False
There is a watery nasal discharge and swelling of the head in case of infectious coryza
False
Primary way of spreading of infectious coryza is via the drinking water
True
Infectious coryza usually generalizes
False
infectious coryza causes nasal discharge and sinusitis
True
Infectious coryza can be prevented by an inactivated vaccine
True
Infectious coryza can be prevented by the vaccination of the parent stock
True
Sinusitis is a main clinical sign of infectious coryza
True
Elimination of predisposing factors is important in prevention of infectious coryza
False
In the case of infectious coryza in day-old ducklings, high fever is typical
False
Day-old chicken show severe clinical signs of infectious coryza
False
Infectious coryza causes big losses in broiler flocks
False
Histophilus somni is a sporadic disease
True
The Histophilus somni is an obligatory pathogen
False
Thromboembolic meningoencephalitis causes hemorrhagic necrotic foci in the brain, in case of Histophilus somni infection
True
Histophilus somni can by venereal infection, cause a generalized disease
False
Toxoid vaccines can be used to prevent the Histophilus somni disease
False
Histophilus somni will only cause localized respiratory disease
False
Histophilus somni causes diarrhea and dehydration in calves
False
Histophilus somni causes pneumonia in calves
True
Histophilus somni causes epididymitis in lambs
True
Contagious equine metritis occurs widely in Hungarian thoroughbred studs
False
Contagious equine metritis causes decreased semen quality in stallions
False
The mare may be a carrier for more than a year in case of contagious equine metritis
True
We can diagnose Taylorella equigenitalis carrier mares with agglutination probe or ELISA
False
Taylorella equigenitalis is a widespread and common disease
False
The causative agent of contagious equine metritis is Histophilus equi
False
The causative agent of contagious equine metritis is an obligate pathogen
False
Taylorella equigenitalis can spread via feed and water
False
The bacteria of contagious equine metritis can be carried for 14-15 months
True
Contagious equine metritis causes high fever in the mare
False
There will be large amount of purulent smelly vaginal discharge in case of contagious equine metritis
False
Uterine lavage with antibiotics can be used as treatment for contagious equine metritis
True
Brucella is an obligate pathogen
True
Brucella are a notifiable disease
True
Brucella can be found on the mucous membranes of the genital tract
True
All Brucella can be stained with Köster staining
False
There will be cross-reactions between S-type colonies in case of Brucella
True
Brucellosis is zoonotic
True
Brucellosis is found in most parts of the world
True
In sexually immature animals, Brucella multiplies in the lymph nodes
True
Brucellosis is usually introduced by infected asymptomatic animals
True
Abortion caused by brucellosis is followed by retained fetal membranes
True
An attenuated vaccine is used in Hungary for prevention of B. melitensis
False
Brucella has average resistance
True
Brucella is found worldwide
True
Brucella is seen only in the northern hemisphere
False
Brucellosis of bovine cannot be shed in the milk
False
B. suis can infect cattle
True
Brucellosis can cause placentitis in cattle
True
In case of brucellosis in cattle, only very few bacteria are needed to cause the disease
True
Bovine brucellosis is primarily caused by venereal infection
False
Calves shows clinical sign after weaning when infected young with brucellosis
False
Calves can be born infected with brucellosis
False
B. abortus can cause bovine brucellosis
True
B. melitensis can cause brucellosis in cattle
True
Bovine brucellosis is seen in most European countries
False
Bovine brucellosis is zoonotic
True
If young calves are infected with brucellosis, the bacteria remain in the lymph nodes until maturity
True
In the case of bovine brucellosis, septicemia happens
True
Cattle recovered from brucellosis do not remain carriers
False
Brucella abortus infects only cattle
False
Bovine brucellosis is only endemic in Hungary
False
The biggest economic damage to bovine brucellosis is orchitis in bulls
False
Brucella abortus infects only cattle
False
Infectious epididymitis is caused by B. ovis
True
B. ovis has a wide host range
False
Brucellosis in sheep is introduced to the herd by infected asymptomatic rams
True
B. ovis can cause abortion in ewes
True
B. ovis will cause high fever
False
B. ovis causes severe epididymitis
True
Ewes are lifelong carriers of Brucella ovis
False
You can get B. ovis free only with stock exchange
False
Humans are very susceptible to B. ovis
False
The best way of controlling brucellosis in sheep is eradication of infected rams
True
There is no B. ovis in Hungary
False
Brucella ovis generally does not cause septiceamia in rams
True
Humans can be infected with Brucella ovis from raw sheep and goat milk
False
AGID can be used to diagnose brucellosis in sheep
True
B. melitensis is mostly affecting the northern part of Europe
False
Humans are highly susceptible to B. melitensis
True
B. melitensis can cause epididymitis and orchitis in rams and bucks
True
B. melitensis brucellosis is strongly self-limiting
True
Rev-1 is an attenuated B. melitensis vaccine
True
Goats and sheep are primary hosts of B. melitensis
True
Caprine brucellosis cannot be prevented with vaccination
False
Caprine brucellosis is caused by B. ovis
False
Caprine brucellosis is endemic in the Mediterranean area
True
Rams are asymptomatic in case of brucellosis
False
Primary way of infection of B. melitensis is by mating
True
B. melitensis shed in the fetus, milk and semen
True
B. melitensis occurs sporadically in sheep flocks in Hungary
False
In abortion caused by B. melitensis, inflammatory necrotic foci are seen in the placenta
True
Secondary hosts of swine brucellosis are dog, human and cattle
True
Maintaining host of swine brucellosis are reindeer, hare and small rodents
False
Brucellosis in swine causes abortion at any time of the pregnancy
True
Boars are asymptomatic in case of brucellosis infection
False
Abortion occurs due to liver lesions in the piglets in case of brucellosis
False
Chronic cases of brucellosis cause lameness in both boars and sows
True
Antibiotics are widely used to treat swine brucellosis
False
Abortion is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
True
Stillbirth is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
True
Diarrhea is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
False
Canine brucellosis differs from other brucella infections since it’s a long-term active infection
True
Canine brucellosis spread via mating or per os
True
Canine brucellosis can cause iridocyclitis
True
Sheep, foxes and cats are secondary carriers
False
Abortion usually occurs in the late phase of pregnancy in case of canine brucellosis
True
Canine brucellosis does not occur in Europe
False
Epididymitis and orchitis are typical clinical signs of canine brucellosis
True
Attenuated vaccines are widely used for the prevention of canine brucellosis
False
Strong self-limitation can be seen in the case of canine brucellosis
False
Horses are infected by goats in case of brucellosis
False
In case of brucellosis, horses suffer from bursitis and they can rupture
True
In case of brucellosis hares can maintain their own infectious cycle, and do not need to be infected by cattle
True
Hares are susceptible to B. abortus
False
Reindeers are important in maintaining and infecting swine herds with B. suis
False
Brucellosis can be acute and chronic in humans
True
High fever is a clinical sign of brucellosis in humans
True
Arthritis is a clinical sign of human brucellosis
True
Tularaemia affects only sheep in Hungary
False
Ticks have an important role in transmission of tularaemia
True
Tularemia occurs only in America
False
Tularemia occurs frequently in hares
True
Francisella tularensis ssp. holartica is highly virulent
False
Francisella is a facultative pathogen
True
Francis blood agar can be used for its isolation
True
Tularaemia will cause more severe disease in lagomorph and rodents
True
Hunters can contract tularemia whilst skinning the animal
True
Tularaemia causes severe clinical signs in susceptible animals
True
Tube agglutination is the best way to diagnose tularaemia
True
Encephalitis is the main clinical sign of tularemia in humans
False
There are differences in the virulence of the causative agents of tularemia
True
Septicemia is part of the pathogenesis of tularemia
True
Mosquitoes are involved in spreading of tularemia
True
Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis is in Europe
False
Hares spread the bacteria Francisella with urine
False
Ticks play a role in maintaining the presence of tularaemia
True
Franciella tularemia in humans is frequently caused through skin wounds
True
Avian bordetelliosis, chickens are most susceptible
False
Most important virulence factors of the Turkey coryza are cytotoxins
True
Avian bordetelliosis has a relatively low resistance
False
Avian bordetelliosis causes death due to suffocation
True
High mortality and morbidity is typical for avian bordetelliosis
False
Generalization of the turkey coryza disease are possible in young animals
True
Avian bordetellosis is caused by B. avium
True
Avian bordetellosis is seen in a few week-old chickens and turkeys
True
Avian bordetellosis is a generalized disease with high fever
False
In the case of avian bordetellosis sinusitis and respiratory clinical signs are seen
True
Causes a disease similar to infectious coryza caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum
True
Avian bordetelliosis are resistant to heat and disinfectants
False
Bordetella bronchiseptica can cause kennel cough on its own
False
Bordetella bronchiseptica can cause pneumonia in young dogs
True
B. bronchiseptica is partly responsible for the sneezing disease of cats
True
B. bronchiseptica is a common secondary pathogen to canine distemper in older dogs
True
B. bronchiseptica strains can be involved in the respiratory diseases of dogs
True
B. bronchiseptica alone causes mild rhinitis in suckling piglets
True
Toxin-producing B. bronchiseptica strains cause severe clinical signs on their own
False
