Midterm 3 (3) Flashcards
The hemagglutinin (H) gene of influenza viruses is highly conserved, doesn’t mutate
False
The neuraminidase (N) gene of influenza viruses is highly conserved, doesn’t mutate
False
The nucleocapsid gene of influenza viruses is highly conserved, doesn’t mutate
True
The RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase gene of influenza viruses is highly conserved, doesn’t mutate
True
Antigenic drift is the consequence of serial point mutations
True
Antigenic shift is the consequence of serial point mutations
False
The complete genome of influenza viruses consists of 8 genome segments
True
The main hosts of influenza viruses are (water) birds
True
Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause hemorrhagic or necrotic enteritis
True
Distemper virus can infect species belonging to the Felidae
True
Distemper virus spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Distemper is a notifiable disease
False
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause high morbidity and mortality
Fasle
Velogenie viscerotrop strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
False
Parainfluenza-3 virus of cattle can cause thromboembolic meningoencephalitis
False
Parainfluenza-3 virus infection of calves is frequently followed by secondary bacterial infection
True
TGEV can cause haemagglutination
False
FIPV can cause haemagglutination
False
HeCoV can cause haemagglutination
True
PEDV can cause haemagglutination
False
The epizootic TGEV spreads rapidly
True
The epizootic TGEV can cause disease mainly in winter
True
The epizootic TGEV can be transmitted with milk
True
The epizootic TGEV does not cause viraemia
False
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through nasal route
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect per os
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through venereal way
True
Equine viral arteritis virus can infect only by arthropods
False
The resistance of Rhabdoviruses is good
False
Rhabdoviruses are good antigens
True
The host range of the vesicular stomatitis virus is wide
True
The mortality of vesicular stomatitis is high
False
Rabies virus causes viraemia soon after infection
False
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva only after appearance of the clinical signs
False
Change of the behavior is an important clinical sign of rabies
True
Paralysis is an important clinical sign of rabies
True
Retroviruses are enveloped viruses
True
The host range of retroviruses is generally narrow
True
Reverse transcriptase converts RNA of retroviruses into DNA
True
Retroviruses are generally very stable viruses, mutations are exceptional in them
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is shed in lymphoid cells
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus cannot cause intrauterine infection
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is spreading slowly in the herd
True
The target cells of enzootic bovine leukosis virus are the B lymphocytes
True
Reticuloendotheliosis virus is shed in the faces
True
Reticuloendotheliosis virus can cause germinative infection
True
Stunted growth is a clinical sign of reticuloendotheliosis
True
Reticuloendotheliosis is prevented by vaccination of the parent animals
False
Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts
False
BSE is not spreading from animal to animal
True
In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion
False
BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR
False
Only capsulated strains of Bacillus anthracis can cause anthrax
True
Edema factor and lethal factor are important virulence factors of Bacillus anthracis
True
The clinical signs of anthrax in pigs are more severe than in cattle
False
Dogs and cats are resistant against the agent of anthrax
False
Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
Blackleg occurs in cattle and sheep
True
If antibiotics are applied after appearance of the clinical signs of blackleg, treatment is generally successful
False
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
False
Clostridium perfringens C causes infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets
True
Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets occurs in piglets after weaning
False
The lesions of infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be seen generally in the small intestine
True
Infectious necrotic enteritis of piglets can be prevented by vaccinating the pregnant sows
True
Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani
True
The agent of tetanus causes septicemia
False
Tetanus can be diagnosed on the basis of post mortem lesions
False
Anatoxin vaccines can be used for the prevention of tetanus
True
Omphalitis is a common clinical sign of avian staphylococcosis
True
Arthritis is a common clinical sign of avian staphylococcosis
True
Pneumonia is a common clinical form of avian staphylococcosi
False
Dermatitis is a common clinical sign of avian staphylococcosis
True
Swine erysipelas is caused by Erysipelothrix suis
False
The agent of swine erysipelas can be carried by asymptomatic pigs
True
Diamond skin disease is a clinical form of swine erysipelas
True
The agent of swine erysipelas can cause disease only in pigs
False
Ulcerative lymphangitis of horses is caused by Corynebacterium equi
False
Clinical signs of ulcerative lymphangitis can be mainly seen in suckling horses
False
Purulent inflammation of the lymphatic vessels is typical in the case of ulcerative lymphangitis
True
The agent of ulcerative lymphangitis can be detected by microscopic examination
True
Influenza is not spread by carrier animal
False
Important to eradicate swine influenza cases
True
Influenza can lead to secondary infections
True
The influenza virus has segmented genome
True
The influenza viruses can frequently cause severe disease in all kinds of animals
True
Swine influence has high mortality rate
False
Swine influenza has high morbidity rate
True
To prevent complications of swine influenza, antibiotics are used
True
Swine influenza is easily transmitted to people
True
Swine influenza viruses can cause human pandemics
True
Severe respiratory signs are characteristic to swine influenza
False
There are two strains of equine influenza virus
False
Equine influenza virus is a frequent disease
True
Subtype two of equine influenza virus is highly variable
True
Movement of horses predisposes them to equine influenza
True
Equine influenza can predispose to secondary bacterial infections
True
Using attenuated vaccines, equine influenza can be prevented
True
Avian influenza of high economic impact is caused by HPAI
True
HPAI strains are mutations of LPAI strains
True
HPAI strains belonging to certain hemagglutinin types
True
Avian influenza is spread by bronchial discharge
True
Bird flu is transmitted by snot/nasal discharge
True
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses only cause disease in ducks
False
HPAI infections are mainly transmitted by inhalation
True
HPAI viruses may cause serious losses in poultry
True
Chicken are infected with HPAI strains per os
True
Migrating birds can transmit avian influenza strains to long distances
True
LPAI strains can become HPAI strains as a result of mutation
True
Avian influenza is present worldwide
True
Avian influenza is only caused by the H5 and H7 strains
False
Avian influenza virus is primarily spread through bronchial discharge, by aerogenic route
True
Avian influenza can be seen only in young birds
False
Parainfluenza-3 viruses causes disease primarily in young calves
True
A common route of infection with parainfluenza-3 is through inhalation
True
Parainfluenza-3 virus can predispose cattle to pneumonia caused by bacteria
True
The main clinical sign of a parainfluenza-3 infection is diarrhea
False
Parainfluenza-3 virus aids in secondary bacterial contaminations
True
Rinderpest virus survives for years in nature
False
Only cattle are susceptible to Rinderpest infections
False
Rinderpest is carried by animals for a long time
False
Over 50% of the animals may die during a Peste des petits ruminants outbreak
True
Rinderpest commonly occurs in Africa and in Latin America
False
Rinderpest virus is carried by animals for several years
False
Cattle are infected with rinderpest virus mainly per os
False
Rinderpest virus can survive in the environment for several months
False
The world is free of Peste des petites ruminants
False
The dominant clinical sign of Canine distemper is diarrhea
False
Canine distemper virus only infects Canidae
False
Distemper occurs in lions and dolphins
True
Distemper can cause encephalitis in dogs
True
Surviving distemper does not result in protection
False
Distemper can predispose dogs to secondary bacterial infections
True
Vaccinations against distemper at half years of age
False
Distemper causes de-myelinization
True
Distemper through conjunctival smear can be diagnosed by immunofluorescence technique
True
Canine distemper virus often causes cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the urinary bladder epithelial cells
True
Avian paramyxovirus belongs into 9 serogroups
True
Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus cause an acute septicaemia
False
Members of every APMV serogroup can cause Newcastle’s disease
False
Velogenic-viscerotropic NDV strains can cause disease with high mortality
True
It is possible to determine the virulence of AMPV-1 strains by sequencing
True
An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease virus can frequently be seen in dogs
False
Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of serogroup APMV-1
True
The sequence of Newcastle disease virus F0 splice site, is a significant factor of it’s virulence
True
An intracerebral pathogenicity index higher than 0.7 is a criterion of Newcastle disease
True
Newcastle disease virus cause dwarfism in embryonated chicken eggs
False
Vaccination against Newcastle disease is used all over the world
True
Mesogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus are used for vaccination in some countries
True
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can cause disease in young turkey
True
Apathogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus are used for vaccination
True
Live mesogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus is used for vaccination in Europe
True
Day-old chickens can be vaccinated with apathogenic strains to prevent Newcastle disease virus
True
Wild boars may transmit Newcastle disease virus
False
Any member of the avian paramyxovirus serogroups may cause Newcastle disease
False
Avian paramyxovirus-1 usually causes central nervous disease in pigeons
True
Velogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus cause an acute form of the disease
True
Hen flocks are vaccinated with lentogen/apathogenic strains to induce maternal immunity
True
An acute, nervous form of Newcastle disease virus can frequently be seen in ducks
False
Newcastle disease virus can be taken up by inhalation and per os
True
CNS clinical signs are frequently seen in chicken in the case of Newcastle disease
True
Newcastle disease could easily be differentiated from avian influenza
False
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus do not cause clinical signs
False
Using vaccines of velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus good protection can be reached
False
Hendra virus is found only in Australia
True
Nipah virus is transmitted mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Turkey rhinotracheitis virus causes disease in turkeys and chickens
True
Turkey rhinotracheitis is most frequent at 4-9 weeks of age
True
Coronaviruses can survive for months in the environment
False
Coronaviruses frequently mutate and recombine
True
Coronaviruses have a weak physical resistance
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
False
Cattle can be infected with coronavirus per os
True
Cattle can be infected with coronavirus by inhalation
True
Coronavirus can cause enteritis in calves typically on the first week of life
True
Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhea in dairy cows
True
Bovine coronaviruses causes mainly respiratory and enteric diseases
True
Bovine coronavirus can infect humans
False
Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems
True
Bovine coronavirus may induce both respiratory and enteric signs
True
Calf coronavirus diarrhea is characterized by several respiratory signs
False
Certain bovine coronaviruses can affect humans causing clinical signs
False
Coronaviruses mainly cause central nervous disease in cattle
False
Calves can be protected against coronavirus diarrhea by vaccinations of pregnant cows
True
Surviving winter dysentery gives permanent protection only against homologous infection
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus provides cross protection to hemagglutinating coronavirus
False
TGE mainly cause croupous pneumonia
False
TGE replaces the respiratory corona virus
False
TGE appears in Hungary
True
TGE causes 100% mortality in susceptible piglets under 1 week of age
True
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis is completely eradicated in Europe
False
TGE causes 100% mortality in sows
False
PED is similar to TGE
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
False
The incubation time of TGE is usually 1-3 days
True
TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory system
True
Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form
True
The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhea
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus can cause disease in humans
False
The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus
False
TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection against TGE
True
Only pigs are susceptible to TGE infection
False
Maternal immunity is essential against TGE infection of piglets
True
Today TGE occurs in epizootic form
False
TGEV is widespread
True
TGE is completely eradicated in Europe
False
TGE infection is devastating at any age
False
The incubation period of TGE can be as short as 8 hours
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis is usually asymptomatic in adults
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical signs in dogs
False
The Porcine respiratory coronavirus has been evolved from the Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection from transmissible gastroenteritis
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhea usually resembles TGE
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhea can be transmitted by infected dogs and cats
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhea frequently occurs in Europe
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhea can replicate in the colon
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED
False
Porcine respiratory corona virus has reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhoea
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause encephalomyelitis in suckling piglets
True
Hemagglutinating coronavirus can cause severe diarrhea in sows
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus/Ontario Disease is sporadic in Hungary
True
Hemagglutinating coronavirus of pigs is frequently causing malabsorption in sows
False
The hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus multiplicate in hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow
False
Hemagglutinating coronavirus is present worldwide
True
The occurrence of coronavirus encephalomyelitis of piglets is usually sporadic
True
Canine coronavirus (CCoV-1) causes diarrhea in young susceptible dogs
True
Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide
False
Canine coronavirus-2 infections are characterized by hemorrhagic diarrhea in puppies
True
Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCoV-1
False
Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs
False
Canine coronavirus are only present in North America
False
Canine coronavirus vaccines effectively protect from any Canine coronavirus infection
False
There are no protective vaccines available against Canine enteric coronavirus
False
CCoV-IIa infections are endemic worldwid
False
In suckling dogs CCoV-II infection causes respiratory disease
False
Canine coronavirus is part of kennel cough
True
Feline coronavirus is a recombinant canine virus
True
Feline enteric coronavirus causes FIP in 5-10% of cases
True
FIP mainly infects with feces
True
Feline enteric coronavirus (FECoV) can only infect Felidae
True
Feline infectious peritonitis viruses from a single serotype
True
Effusive FIP is the result of a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction
True
Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens
False
Feline enteric coronavirus infection of cats is very common
True
Vaccine effectively protects from feline infectious peritonitis
False
Feline coronavirus has two serotypes, both having two pathotypes
True
FECoV infection usually causes acute hemorrhagic enteritis
False
The Feline enteric coronavirus usually does not cause severe enteritis
True
FIP forms because of immunotolerance
False
In the presence of high-titer antibody level, infectious peritonitis cannot develop in cats
True
Infectious bronchitis has a lot of serotypes
True
Infectious bronchitis viruses may have different organ tropism
True
Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis
False
Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes
False
Inactivated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
True
Attenuated vaccines can be used against infectious bronchitis
True
Infectious bronchitis viruses form 2 distinct serotypes
False
Infectious bronchitis viruses have a wide range of serotypes including many variants
True
The clinical signs of Infectious bronchitis and Newcastle disease may be similar
True
Turkey enteritis is characterized by age-dependent mortality rates
True
Vaccination of turkey breeding flocks against Turkey enteritis virus is mandatory
False
Equine arteritis virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, subtypes etc
True
Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of equine arteritis virus
True
Equine arteritis virus is shed in the semen
True
Equine arteritis virus can cause abortion
True
Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages
False
In case of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age
True
Lameness due to inflammatory joints is the most typical sign of Equine infectious arteritis
False
Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease; therefore vaccinations are forbidden
False
The persistence of equine viral arteritis virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions
True
Equine viral arteritis is transmitted by a sexual and aerogenic pathways
True
After equine viral arteritis virus infection, mortality rate is low
True
Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic
True
Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease
True
The main target of Equine viral arteritis virus is macrophages
True
Equine infectious arteritis is stenoxen viruses
True
Equine viral arteritis can be controlled in part by removing long-term carriers
True
Equine viral arteritis can affect donkeys
True
PRRS virus have 3 genotypes
False
PRRS is characterized by respiratory disease in adult pigs
False
Edema can be a sign of PRRS
True
PRRS is deadly in adult animals
True
PRRS virus affects the respiratory system in young piglets
True
Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells
False
PRRS causes immune suppression in prolonged cases
True
Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against PRRS
True
PRRS virus causes severe intestinal problems in adult pig
False
PRRS is characterized by respiratory problems in adult pigs
False
PRRS virus can only be isolated in porcine kidney cell culture
False
PRRS infection has two clinical phases
True
The Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is only present in North-America
False
The PRRS virus may cause reproductive problems in boars
True
PRRS: cyanosis is one clinical symptom
True
Rhabdoviruses can survive in the environment for several months
False
Vesicular stomatitis is endemic in America
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus is transmitted only by arthropods
False
Increased salivation is a clinical sign of vesicular stomatitis
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus infects only swine
False
Cattle are not susceptible to vesicular stomatitis virus
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus can infect humans
True
Lesions of vesicular stomatitis heal within a few weeks
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of vesicular stomatitis
False
Insects are involved in the transmission of vesicular stomatitis virus
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can spread by direct contact
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can cause severe disease in humans
False
Dogs maintain urban rabies
True
Saliva can contain rabies virus, before the appearance of clinical signs
True
Humans are not susceptible to European bat lyssaviruses
False
There is no haematogenic spreading of the rabies virus
False
Increased sexual activity is seen in rabid cattle
True
Paralysis is a typical sign of rabies
True
Dogs have to be vaccinated against rabies in the first week of life
False
The rabid bats fly during the day
True
Immunofluorescence (IF) is reliable in the diagnosis of rabies
True
Only the classical rabies virus is present in Europe
False
Urban form of rabies is maintained by the fox in Europe
False
Rabies virus is highly resistant
False
Rabies virus cannot be cultured
False
Presence of antibodies to rabies virus confirms the diagnosis of rabies
False
Immunofluorescence test is the most frequently used way of detection of rabies virus
True
Detection of Negri bodies is more sensitive than immunofluorescence test, in the case of rabies
False
Virus isolation is the most widely used way of diagnosis of rabies
True
Inhalation of the virus is the main way of infection with rabies virus
False
Rabies virus is replicating in the lymphoid cells and causes viraemia before the appearance of the clinical signs
False
The incubation time of rabies is variable, generally between 2 and 8 weeks
True
Aggressiveness is a frequent sign of rabies
True
Immunofluorescence test can be used to the detection of rabies virus in the brain
True
Rabid animals have to be vaccinated immediately
False
In cats furious form of rabies is typical
True
In dogs both furious and silent form of rabies can occur
True
Rabies has been eradicated in Europe
False
Rabies spread through venereal
False
The high-titer of virus neutralizing antibodies confirms the diagnosis of rabies
False
Live vaccines are used for the vaccination of foxes against rabies
True
Rabies symptoms appear only after CNS signs
False
Rabies virus can only be found in the nervous system
False
Retroviruses generally have a large host range
False
Retroviruses are generally shed in infected lymphoid cells
True
Certain retroviruses can cause malignant transformation
True
Certain retroviruses can cause proliferation of the lymphoid cells
True
Retroviruses spread with infected lymphocytes
True
Retroviruses have a tegument or rind
False
The animals will be infected with retroviruses until the end of their life
True
You cannot multiply retrovirus artificially
False
Retroviruses can incorporate into the genome
True
Retroviruses cannot spread from animal to animal
False
Retroviruses are widely distributed in Hungary
True
Reverse transcriptase is an important enzyme of retroviruses
True
Retroviruses results in life-long infection
True
Retroviruses replicate mainly in endothelium cell
False
Several retroviruses can cause malignant transformation in the hosts
True
Retroviruses are generally species specific
True
Retroviruses are generally resistant, they can survive in the environment for several weeks
False
Retroviruses frequently causes permanent infection
True
Retroviruses are generally stable viruses, mutations are very rare
False
Retrovirus can replicate without helper retroviruses
True
Retroviruses can integrate the cellular genome
True
The resistance of retroviruses is low, they cannot survive in the environment for a long time
True
Retroviruses are generally good antigens
True
Retroviruses have own metabolic enzymes
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is not shed by the infected animals
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be transmitted with organic infection
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be transmitted with per os infection
True
Clinical signs of enzootic bovine leukosis are seen mainly in 6-8-month-old calves
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus has several serotypes and subtypes
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis can spread by air within the herd
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis can spread by veterinarian
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus can not result in tumor formation
False
Serological examination cannot be used to diagnosis of enzootic bovine leukosis
False
Immune tolerance can happen in the case of enzootic bovine leucosis
True
Selection cannot be used for eradication of enzootic bovine leucosis
False
During incubation phase of bovine enzootic leucosis the animal become seropositive
True
The tumors in the case of bovine enzootic leucosis can be seen from the age of 6 months
False
PCR is used for the detection of bovine enzootic leucosis in immunotolerant calves
True
Bovine enzootic leucosis can be eradicated with selection
True
Bovine enzootic leucosis virus has several serotypes
False
There is no horizontal spread in the case of bovine enzootic leucosis
False
There is genetic predisposition in the case of bovine enzootic leucosis
True
The target cell of bovine enzootic leucosis are the B-lymphocytes
True
Enzootic bovine leucosis occurs in all ruminant species
False
Enzootic bovine leucosis is spreading very fast in infected herds
False
Enzootic bovine leucosis virus can infect the fetus
True
Enzootic bovine leucosis only infects cattle
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis occurs only in Holstein-Frisian cattle, other cattle races are resistant
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus has low resistance; it cannot retain it’s infectivity for a long time in the environment
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus can infect cattle, pigs and horses
False
Iatrogenic infection can be important in the transmission of enzootic bovine leukosis virus
True
Aerogenic infection occurs in the case of enzootic bovine leukosis virus
True
Genetic predisposition is present in the case of enzootic bovine leukosis
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is spreading very fast within the herd
False
Only cattle are susceptible to enzootic bovine leukosis virus
False
Bovine enzootic leukosis virus has several serotypes
False
There is no horizontal spread in the case of bovine enzootic leukosis
False
There is genetic predisposition in the case of bovine enzootic leukosis
True
The target cells of bovine enzootic leukosis are the B-lymphocytes
True
During the incubation phase of bovine enzootic leukosis the animals become seropositive
True
Enzootic bovine leucosis virus causes disease in suckling calves
False
In the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis lesions are common in the liver
False
Ovine pulmonary andenomatosis can be diagnosed by detecting antibodies with ELISA
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus causes interstitial pneumonia
False
Lung adenomatosis causes usually dry cough
False
Lung adenomatosis causes a lot of metastasis
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis occurs only in South-Africa
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus has no onc-gene
True
Metastasis are rare in the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis has no antibody production
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus spreads with nasal discharge
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus results in malignant transformation of macrophages
False
Metastases are frequently seen in parenchymal organs in the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
False
Europe is free from ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
False
No antibodies to ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus can be detected in infected animals
True
Feces of infected animals contain large amount of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus
False
Tumor transformation of the epithelial cells happens in the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
True
Jaagsiekte affects lambs of 3-6 months
False
Jaagsiekte virus can transform human cells
False
Jaagsiekte is only present in Africa
False
Jaagsiekte causes metastatic abscess formation all over the body
False
Feline leukosis virus is immunosuppressive
True
Feline leukosis virus is frequently spread with saliva
True
Feline leukosis virus can infect dogs, cats and wild living carnivorous animals
False
Feline leukosis is a very rare disease
False
Feline sarcomatosis is a defect virus
True
Feline leukosis can cross the placenta
True
FeLV is a uniform virus
False
Infection with feline leukosis virus always appears in clinical signs
False
Feline leukosis virus is spreading by discharge of the infected animal
True
Persistently infected cats can shed the feline leukosis virus in high titers
True
Saliva of the animal contains large amount of the feline leukosis virus
True
Feline leucosis spreads by direct contact
True
Feline leukosis can infect cats and dogs
False
Asymptomatic infection cannot happen in the case of feline leukosis
False
Feline immunodeficiency virus is widespread
True
Feline immunodeficiency virus in cat could be asymptomatic
True
Feline immunodeficiency virus is a persistent infection
True
Feline immunodeficiency virus is spread by excretes
True
Feline immunodeficiency virus develops in 3 phases
True
Avian leukosis is seen during the first week of life in chicken
False
There are resistant lines to avian leukosis
True
Proportion of the animals with tumors is low, 1-4% in the case of avian leukosis
True
Inactivated vaccines are widely used in order to prevent avian leukosis
False
Avian leukosis virus can cause germinative infection
True
Tumors can be seen in different parenchymal organs in the case of avian leukosis
True
T-lymphocytes are the target cell of the avian leukosis virus
False
Avian leucosis and sarcoma infections are very common
True
Avian leucosis can be caused by different retroviruses
True
Congenital transmission of avian leucosis results in immune tolerance
True
Germinative infection can happen in the case of Reticuloendotheliosis
True
Immunosuppression is common in the case of Reticuloendotheliosis
True
Retardation is a clinical sign of Reticuloendotheliosis
True
Wide vaccination is used to prevent Reticuloendotheliosis
False
In the case of reticuloendotheliosis immunotolerant chicken can be hatched
True
Pneumonia is a typical lesion of reticuloendotheliosis
False
In the case of reticuloendotheliosis tumors can be found in the parenchymal organs
True
Avian reticuloendotheliosis may be similar in appearance to Marek ́s disease
True
Maedi appears in Hungary
True
Maedi is spreading fast
False
In the case of maedi/visna interstitial pneumonia can be seen
True
In order to eradicate maedi/visna infected ewes have to be culled with their lambs
True
Clinical sign of maedi/visna appear from the age of 6 months
False
Maedi/visna is spreading fast in the flock
False
Maedi/visna virus is shed only in the tracheal discharge
False
Clinical signs of maedi are generally seen above 3-4 years of age
True
Interstitial pneumonia is a typical lesion of maedi
True
In the case of maedi/visna interstitial pneumonia can be seen
True
Maedi and visna diseases are caused by the same virus
True
Caprine arthritis encephalitis is characterized by CNS signs in young goats
True
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus replicates in the intestinal tract
False
Equine infectious anemia can damage the medulla of the bone
True
Equine infectious anemia virus is resistant, it can survive several months in the environment
True
Only Equidae are susceptible to equine infectious anemia virus
True
Equine infectious anemia has a weak resistance
False
Febrile waves can be seen in equine infectious anemia
True
Equine infectious anemia virus causes persistent infection
True
You cannot diagnose Equine infectious anemia with serology
False
Tick are vectors of equine infectious anemia virus
False
The resistance of equine infectious anemia is very low
False
Horses and cattle are susceptible to equine infectious anemia virus
False
In the case of equine infectious anemia, hemorrhages cannot be seen
Flase
Animals infected with equine infectious anemia virus are lifelong carriers
True
Equine infectious anemia virus is mainly transmitted with tracheal discharge
Flase
Equine infectious anemia virus damages the bone marrow
True
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of equine infectious anemia
False
Equine infectious anemia can be asymptomatic
True
Equine infectious anemia may cause recurrent fever in horses
True
The resistance of equine infectious anemia is very low
False
Horses and cattle are susceptible to equine infectious anemia virus
False
Equine infectious anemia virus causes persistent infection
True
In the case of equine infectious anemia hemorrhages cannot be seen
False
Horseflies are mechanical vectors equine anemia virus
True
Equine anemia is a zoonotic disease
False
Equine anemia is a notifiable disease
True
