Midterm 3 (2) Flashcards
Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) is completely eradicated in Europe
False
TGE causes 100% mortality in sows
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus causes acute pneumonia in susceptible piglets
False
The incubation time of TGE is usually 5-7 days
False
TGE virus infects the digestive and the respiratory systems
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus can cause disease in humans
False
Certain bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhea in children
False
The virus causing porcine epidemic diarrhoea can replicate in the heart muscle of the foetus
False
Canine coronavirus (CCOV-1) causes diarrhea in young, susceptible dogs
True
Pantropic canine coronavirus infections are endemic worldwide
False
Feline enteric coronavirus (FECOV) can only infect Felidae
True
Germinative route is the most important in the transmission of infectious bronchitis
False
Reverse transcriptase is an important enzyme of retroviruses
True
Retroviruses results in lifelong infection
True
Retroviruses replicate mainly in the endothelial cells
False
Several retroviruses can cause malignant transformation in the hosts
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus has several serotypes and subtypes
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis can spread by air within the herd
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis can spread by the veterinarian
True
Clinical signs of enzootic bovine leukosis can be seen in 6-8 months old calves
False
Avian leukosis viruses can cause malignant transformation in different tissues
True
Germinative infection is an important way of transmission of avian leukosis virus
True
Clinical signs of avian leukosis can be seen typically in broiler chicken
False
Osteopetrosis can be a clinical form of avian leukosis
True
Maedi/visna is spreading slowly in the flock
True
Maedi/visna virus is shed in the milk
True
Maedi is seen in 3-4 years old sheep
True
Large amount of mucoid nasal discharge is typical in the case of maedi
False
Equine infectious anaemia virus is resistant, it can survive several months in the environment
True
Only Equidae are susceptible to equine infectious anemia virus
True
Ticks are vectors of equine infectious anemia virus
False
Febrile waves can be seen in equine infectious anaemias
True
Scrapie is spreading with per os infection
True
Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop
True
Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie
Flase
Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines
False
Capsule is a virulence factor of B. anthracis
True
Cattle are infected with B. anthracis mainly from the soil
True
Pigs are more susceptible to B. anthracis than sheep
False
Anthrax is a per-acute or acute diseases in cattle
True
Bradsot occurs mainly late autumn and winter
True
Overeating can predispose the animals to bradsot
False
Thickening of and edema in the stomach wall are typical lesions of bradsot
True
Aminoglycosides are successfully used for treatment in the case of bradsot
False
Bacillary hemoglobinuria is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
Jaundice and anemia are important clinical signs of bacillary haemoglobinuria
True
Red urine is a typical clinical sign of bacillary haemoglobinuria
True
Phospholipase C is an important virulence factor, of the agent of bacillary haemoglobinuria
True
Overeating is a predisposing factor of pulpy kidney disease
True
Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
False
Neurological signs are typical in the case of pulpy kidney disease
True
Isolation of the agent is necessary to the diagnosis of pulpy kidney disease
False
Streptococcus suis can cause generalized septicemia in 1-4-week-old piglets
True
Calcium deficiency can predispose suckling piglets to streptococcosis
False
Neurological signs are frequent in the case of porcine streptococcosis
True
Abscesses in the liver frequently seen in the case of porcine streptococcosis.
True
Erysipelas can be seen only in pigs.
False
Neuraminidase is a virulence factor of the agent of erysipelas
True
High fever is a typical clinical sign of acute swine erysipelas
True
Caseous lymphadenitis of sheep is mainly seen in suckling lambs
False
Polymyxins are used for the treatment of erysipelas
False
The causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis of sheep is Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
True
Lesions of caseous lymphadenitis of sheep can be seen only in the lymph nodes
False
Caseous lymphadenitis can occur only in sheep
False
TGEV is widespread and fully replaced porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross-protection against PED
False
Today TGE occurs in an enzootic form
True
The characteristic symptoms of TGE are vomiting and diarrhea
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus reduced the prevalence of porcine epidemic diarrhea
False
Bovine coronaviruses usually infect the respiratory and the digestive systems
True
Feline enteric coronaviruses may infect dogs
False
Feline infectious peritonitis viruses form a single serotype
False
Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCOV-I
False
Pantropic canine coronavirus causes a mild respiratory disease in suckling dogs
False
Feline enteric coronavirus infection usually causes sudden death of queens
False
Infectious bronchitis viruses belong into 3 distinct serotypes
False
Retroviruses are generally species specific
True
Retroviruses are generally resistant, they can survive in the environment for several weeks
False
Retroviruses frequently cause permanent infection
True
Retroviruses are generally stable viruses, mutations are very rare
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus cannot result tumor formation
False
Serological examinations cannot be used to the diagnosis of enzootic bovine leukosis
False
Immune tolerance can happen in the case of enzootic bovine leukosis
True
Selection cannot be used for eradication of enzootic bovine leukosis
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis occurs only in South Africa
False
Metastases are rare in the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus has no onc-gen
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis is prevented with inactivated vaccines
False
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is shed in the milk
True
In the case of caprine arthritis encephalitis the signs of encephalitis can be seen in 2-4 month old kids
True
In the case of caprine arthritis encephalitis, arthritis is less frequent than encephalitis
False
Kids are recommended to be isolated in a herd where caprine arthritis encephalitis is present
True
Only horses are susceptible to Borna disease virus
False
Borna disease virus is spreading from cell to cell
True
Mainly central nervous clinical signs can be seen in the case of Borna disease
True
The lethality of Borna disease is low
False
BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd
False
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle
False
Cattle with BSE become aggressive
True
Cattle with BSE have movement difficulties
True
Colic is a typical clinical sign of anthrax in horses
True
Incomplete clotting of the blood is a typical post mortem lesion of anthrax
True
Anthrax can be diagnosed with microscopic examination of blood
True
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of anthrax
False
Blackleg occurs mainly in ruminants
True
Blackleg is caused by C. septicum
False
Edema is a typical clinical sign of blackleg
True
Live vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
False
Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is caused by C. perfringens
True
C. Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets occurs in 2-4 days old piglets
True
Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets is more frequent in the case of first farrowing sows
True
Lesions of Clostridium enterotoxaemia of piglets are seen in the large intestine
False
Botulism can be seen as a result of a wound infection
False
Flaccid paralysis is the main clinical sign of botulism
True
Birds are resistant to botulism
False
Necrotic foci in the liver are typical post mortem lesions of botulism
False
Some extracellular enzymes are virulence factors of Staphylococci
True
Hemolysins are virulence factors of Staphylococci
True
Endotoxins are virulence factors of Staphylococci
False
Protein A is a virulence factor of Staphylococci
True
Listeria are soil bacteria
True
Infected silage can be the source of listeria
True
Listeria are spreading fast from animal to animal
False
Abortion is the most typical clinical sign of listeriosis in sheep
False
Corynebacterium renale is the causative agent of bovine purulent nephritis
True
Bovine purulent nephritis is mainly seen in suckling calves
False
Hematuria can happen in the case of bovine purulent nephritis
True
Penicillin is used for the treatment of bovine purulent nephritis
True
Avian Leukosis virus is uniform
False
Every avian leukosis viruses is oncogenic
True
Avian leukosis virus cannot infect by germinative way
False
Avian leukosis virus infects B lymphocytes
True
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy spread fast in the herd
False
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy symptoms are in 1-1.5 years old cows
False
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy symptoms: e.g. ataxia
True
For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA
True
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat
True
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious
True
Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans
True
In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions
True
Bacillus anthracis main virulence factor is in the capsule
True
The edema factor is an important virulence factor in bacillus anthracis
True
Bacillus anthracis spores: after 1 hour of boiling they are still alive
True
Bacillus anthracis makes spores only without oxygen
False
Anthrax important symptom is high fever
True
If the animals have Anthrax and they have a fever, you have to vaccinate them immediately
False
For anthrax we use inactive vaccine
False
Humans infected with Anthrax, primarily per os
False
Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
Blackleg is mainly in ruminants
True
Blackleg infects ovine through wounds
True
In Blackleg disease we use attenuated vaccine
False
Lamb dysentery is found in 3-4-week-old lambs
False
Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium perfringens B
True
Pathological lesions of Lamb dysentery starts in the colon
False
We can culture the pathogen of Lamb dysentery from the intestines
True
The tetanus toxin cleaves synaptobrevin
True
The main symptom of tetanus is flaccid paralysis
False
For tetanus we use vaccines which contain toxoid
True
Morel’s disease we find in suckling lambs
False
In Morel’s disease we find abscesses in the subcutis.
True
If the ammonia level in the air is high it increases the susceptibility of rabbits to staphylococcus
True
In rabbit staphylococcosis: one symptom is otitis
True
Listeria ivanovii causes listeriosis in animals
True
Listeriosis spreads from animal to animal and causes high mortality
False
Listeriosis causes neurological symptoms in sheep
True
Listeriosis can infect rodents
True
Distemper virus infects only dogs
False
Newcastle disease virus velogen viscerotop and neurotrop causes neurological signs
True
Bovine respiratory syntitial virus is caused by pneumovirus and we use inactivated vaccines for prevention
True
In avian metapneumovirus infection the egg production drops/decreases
True
Equine viral arteritis causes reproductive problems/impotence in stallions
True
Acute equine viral arteritis is similar to Equine infectious anemia
True
PRRSV attacks the active macrophages
True
For PRRS prevention we can get a very good immunization with inactivated vaccines
False
TGE infects only swine
False
Porcine respiratory coronavirus induces cross protection from TGE
True
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus causes more severe symptoms in adult than in young piglets
False
Bovine corona virus causes diarrhea in adult animals mainly in summer
False
In the background of FIP can be immunopathological processes
True
FIP causes infection only in cats younger than 1 year of age
False
Dog enteral coronavirus: some strains can cause hemorrhagic diseases in some visceral organs
True
Infectious bronchitis virus damages the ovaries only in hens
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus is found all over the world
False
Vesicular stomatitis virus: horse is sensitive
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus spreads with insects
True
After recovery of VSV there will be a permanent immunity
True
Rabies virus does not penetrate the blood vessels
False
Rabies: one of the important symptoms is the change of behavior
True
Rabies: one important symptom is paralysis
True
In silent/calm rabies the dogs cannot bark
True
In rabies we find purulent encephalitis in negri-bodies
True
With immunofluorescence test we can diagnose rabies
True
We can diagnose rabies by antibody detection test
True
When an animal which is infected with rabies virus attacks another dog, it should be vaccinated immediately
False
Bovine enzootic leukosis infect only bovine
False
Bovine enzootic leukosis does not spread with excretion
False
Bovine enzootic leukosis spreads slow in the herd
True
Bovine enzootic leukosis can be transmitted by blood
True
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis spreads with nasal discharge
True
The primary replication site of OPA is in the mucosal cells of the intestines
False
Metastasis are frequently seen in parenchymal in the case of OPA
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus is found in 2-4 months old lambs
False
Feline leukosis virus is uniform
False
In the saliva of cats is a high-titer of FeLV
True
FeLV spreads horizontally and vertically
True
Persistent infected cats maintain the FeLV infection
True
Maedi/visna spreads from sheep to other animals
True
Maedi/visna virus is shed in nasal discharge, respiratory secretions and milk
True
Clinical sign of maedi/visna appear from the age of 6-8 month
False
Meadi/visna most important clinical sign is profuse diarrhea
False
Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside
True
Infective prions are resistant to proteases
True
Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling
False
Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions
True
Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep
True
Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock
True
Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie
False
In scrapie we can observe lameness
False
Bacillus anthracis, herbivores are especially susceptible
True
Bacillus anthracis is not in pig
False
Anthrax spreads rapidly in a herd
False
Anthrax is per-acute and acute in bovine
True
Bacillus anthracis is in the soil
True
In anthrax, tracheitis common in carnivores
False
Anthrax causes necrotic foci in liver
True
Anthrax diagnosis with blood/staining
True
Clostridium is anaerobe spore forming bacteria
True
Clostridium bacteria is not in the environment, because it cannot tolerate oxygen
False
Clostridium spreads usually rapid in a herd
False
Clostridium spread mostly with insecticides
False
Malignant edema is caused due to wound infection
True
Malignant edema is only in ruminants
False
Malignant edema, one of the clinical signs is lameness/movement problems
True
Malignant edema, attenuated vaccine for prevention
False
In sheep, Clostridium septicum causes necrotic liver infection
False
Liver flukes can predispose to infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Infectious necrotic hepatitis causes inflammation and necrotic nodules in the liver
True
There is no vaccine to prevent infectious necrotic hepatitis
False
Exudative dermatitis can be seen in suckling piglets
True
Exudative dermatitis is caused by Staphylococcus aureus
False
Exudative dermatitis is characterized by crust formation
True
Exudative dermatitis has high mortality
False
In Erysipelas the toxin is the virulence factor
True
Diamond skin disease is caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
True
Erysipelas affects only pigs
False
Chronic form of erysipelas can cause skin necrosis
True
Distemper can cause abortion
True
Swollen head syndrome (SHS) caused by avian metapneumonia virus
True
Equine viral arteritis in mare is reactivated in pregnancy
False
Equine viral arteritis, aborted embryos have degenerated liver
False
PRRS: reproductive and respiratory problems and others with other virulence
True
Maternal immunity protects only short time against PRRS
True
TGE virus causes high morbidity
True
Swine pulmonary corona virus has a high mortality by pneumonia
False
Hemagglutination encephalomyelitis virus infects young pigs
True
Bovine corona virus can cause respiratory problems
True
Feline corona virus does not have a long infection/carrier time
False
Canine respiratory coronavirus infection results cross-protection against CCoV-114
False
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause renal problems
True
Turkey corona virus does not cause strong diarrhea and causes no necrosis
False
Vesicular stomatitis can be generalized
True
Vesicular stomatitis can cause vesicles on the foot
True
Only ruminants can have vesicular stomatitis
False
Vesicular stomatitis: animals can recover
True
Rabies is a uniform virus
False
Rabies is a resistant virus
False
Warm blooded animals can be infected with rabies
True
Rabies can be transmitted only by saliva
False
Fox rabies: we can use live vaccines
True
Since 2002 rabies is eradicated from Hungary
False
Humans can be infected by Rabies bite
True
Humans can be infected by Rabies during organ transplants
True
Retrovirus has weak resistance
True
Retrovirus has a wide host spectrum
True
Retrovirus has a good immunogenicity
True
Retrovirus infection is long-lasting
True
Bovine leukosis virus can give lifelong carriers
True
Bovine leukosis virus causes seropositivity in latency period
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis the pre-tumor phase usually in 6-10 months old animals
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis during pre-tumor phase causes lymphocytosis
True
Feline leukosis virus can cause protective immunity
True
In Feline leukosis, anemia is an important sign
True
Cat leukosis virus can be diagnosed with PCR
True
There is no vaccine against Feline leukosis virus
False
Feline leukosis can infect dogs and cats
False
Asymptomatic infection cannot happen in the case of Feline leukosis
False
The natural hosts of Influenza A viruses are humans
False
Certain antiviral drugs can inhibit the M2 ion channels of the Influenza A virus
True
The amino acid sequence of the protease cleavage site of the Influenza A virus hemagglutinin may influence the virulence
True
At least 9 different serotypes of Influenza A virus neuraminidase are known so far
True
In horses predominantly H3N8 Influenza A virus strains can cause disease
True
It is forbidden to use antibiotics for the treatment of influenza in horses
False
Swine adapted influenza A viruses cannot cause disease in humans
False
The vaccination of poultry against avian influenza is mandatory
False
Bovine parainfluenza virus 3 is frequently endemic in cattle farms
True
It is mandatory to vaccinate cattle against Rinderpest
False
Erosive lesions in the oral cavity are frequent signs of Peste des petits ruminants
True
Nowadays Rinderpest virus is used as heterologous vaccine against the PPR virus
False
Dogs infected with Canine distemper virus usually become life-long carriers and shedders
False
Clinical manifestation of the Canine distemper is mainly seen in 3-4 months-old dogs
True
Canine parainfluenza virus 2 frequently causes encephalitis in old dogs
False
Feline morbillivirus infection may be associated with tubulo-interstitial nephritis in cats
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of influenza viruses
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Newcastle disease virus
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of avian metapneumoviruses
True
Wild birds may be reservoir hosts of the Nipah-viruses
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis is the more severe in piglets than in adult swine
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus is a modification of the Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus
False
Porcine epidemic diarrhea is present only in Africa and in the Middle East
False
Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus is typically vectored by mosquitoes
False
Bovine coronaviruses can cause diarrhea only in calves up to one month of age
False
Canine coronaviruses frequently cause encephalitis and hepatitis in puppies
False
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) develops only in adult cats (over 1 year of age)
False
Decreased serum albumin/globulin ratio may indicate FIP
True
Mares are frequently life-long carriers of the Equine arteritis virus
False
Subcutaneous edema is a frequent sign of equine viral arteritis
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) can cause abortion only in the advanced stage of pregnancy (over 90 days)
False
Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against PRRSV
False
Rhabdoviruses are very resistant and they can survive in the environment for several weeks
False
Vesicular stomatitis occurs in America
True
The host range of vesicular stomatitis and foot and mouth disease is the same
False
Sand flies and midges can transmit vesicular stomatitis virus
True
Urban form of rabies is maintained by dogs and cats
True
Rabies virus is spreading in the infected animals peri-neural
Flase
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva, before appearance of the clinical signs
True
The incubation of rabies is generally less than one week
False
Retroviruses show high host specificity
True
Retroviruses are generally not carried for more than a month
False
Malignant transformation is a frequent consequence of retrovirus infection
True
Retroviruses generally cannot survive in the environment for a long time
True
Infection of poultry herds with avian leukosis virus is widespread
True
Clinical signs of avian leukosis generally appear in day old chicken
False
Lymphoid leukosis is the most frequent form of avian leukosis
True
The main way of prevention of avian leukosis is vaccination using attenuated strains
False
Equine infectious anemia is a vector borne disease
True
Equine infectious anemia virus causes persistent infection
True
There is no immune reaction in the case of equine infectious anemia
False
Equine infectious anemia is zoonotic
False
Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland
False
There is genetic predisposition in the case of Scrapie
True
Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals in different discharges
True
Itching is a frequent clinical sign of scrapie
True
Anthrax cannot be seen in Europe any more
False
Capsule is a virulence factor of the agent of anthrax
True
Carbon dioxide is needed to the spore formation of the agent of anthrax
False
Pigs are more susceptible to the agent of anthrax than sheep
False
Clostridium channel is the agent of malignant edema
False
Malignant edema is generally a consequence of a wound infection
True
Frozen food is a predisposing factor of Bradsot
True
Classical swine fever is a predisposing factor of Köves disease
True
Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs around weaning
False
Lesions of lamb dysentery can be seen in the small intestine
True
Isolation of Clostridium perfringens from the gut confirms the diagnosis of lamb dysentery
True
Lambs have to be vaccinated with attenuated vaccine in order to prevent lamb dysentery
True
Staphylococcosis in rabbits typically occurs in newborn rabbits
False
Aerogenic infection is common in the case of staphylococcosis of rabbits
True
Arthritis can be a clinical sign of staphylococcosis of rabbits
True
Abscess formation can be a clinical sign of staphylococcosis of rabbits
True
Neuraminidase is a virulence factor of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
True
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can be carried and shed by asymptomatic pigs
True
Only pigs can be infected with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
False
Purulent pneumonia is a typical clinical form of acute erysipelas
False
Ulcerative lymphangitis of horses is caused by nitrate negative strains of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
False
Ulcerative lymphangitis of horses can be a consequence of umbilical infection
True
Abscess formation can be seen in the case of ulcerative lymphangitis of horses
Ture
Ulcerative lymphangitis of horses is typically an acute disease
False
Influenza viruses are sensitive to detergents
True
Certain antiviral drugs can inhibit the Influenza A virus neuraminidase activity
True
At least 16 different serotypes of Influenza A virus haemagglutinin are known so far
True
The antigenic structure of influenza viruses is very stable
False
Racing horses must be yearly vaccinated against equine influenza
True
In dogs mainly H3N8 strains can cause influenza
True
Waterfowl are more sensitive to avian influenza than chicken and turkey
False
Highly pathogen avian influenza strains, may cause encephalitis in birds
True
The Peste des petits ruminants are endemic in North- and South America
False
The Canine distemper virus can infect only dogs
False
The outcome of Canine distemper virus infection is very much influenced by the immune response of the dog in utero
True
Canine distemper virus may result in abortion
True
The virulence of Newcastle disease strains can be determined by sequence analysis of certain genes
True
Newcastle disease virus cannot survive long in the environment
False
Newcastle disease virus is typically vectored by ticks
False
Only inactivated vaccines can be used against Newcastle disease virus
False
Parainfluenza virus 2 infection is frequent in the aetiology of kennel cough
False
The natural hosts of Hendra-viruses are flying foxes (Pteropus bats)
True
Hendra-viruses can cause encephalitis in horses and in humans
True
Avian metapneumoviruses can cause respiratory signs and egg production problems
True
Porcine respiratory coronavirus infection usually provides cross-protection from Transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can infect only swine
False
Bovine coronaviruses may cause respiratory signs in calves
True
Canine alphacoronavirus type II may cause hemorrhagic disease in 1-2-month-old pups
True
Feline enteric coronavirus usually causes severe, hemorrhagic enteritis in kittens
False
Cell-mediated hypersensitivity plays a major role in the background of non-effusive feline infectious peritonitis
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause inflammatory lesions in the oviduct of chicken
True
Infections bronchitis virus vaccines are used against turkey enteritis
False
Pregnant mares usually abort in the acute phase of equine viral arteritis
True
Equine viral arteritis is diagnosed by agarose-gel immunodiffusion (Coggins test)
False
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) propagates in lymphatic cells
True
PRRSV infection may influence the reproductive performance of boars
True
In the case of vesicular stomatitis vesicles are formed only at the place of entry of the virus
False
Salivation is a clinical sign of vesicular stomatitis
True
Vesicular stomatitis cannot be prevented with vaccines
False
Vesicular stomatitis is zoonotic
True
The rabies virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, genotypes, subtypes etc
False
Only carnivorous animals are susceptible to rabies virus
False
High amount of rabies virus is shed in the saliva
True
Sylvatic rabies is maintained by foxes in Europe
True
Bovine enzootic leukosis virus can be transmitted with lymphoid cells
True
Iatrogenic infection is frequent in the epidemiology of bovine enzootic leukosis
True
The target cells of the bovine enzootic leukosis virus are the T-lymphocytes
False
The typical signs of bovine enzootic leukosis can be seen in cattle under 1 year of age
False
All avian leukosis viruses are oncogenic
False
Avian leukosis viruses are shed in the feces
True
There is no germinative infection in the case of avian leukosis viruses
False
The target cells of the avian leukosis viruses are the B lymphocytes
False
Borna disease is widespread all over the world
False
Only horses are susceptible to Borna disease virus
False
Pneumonia is the main clinical sign of Borna disease
False
Most animals showing clinical signs of Borna disease die due to it
True
Infective prions are resistant to proteases
True
Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd
True
BSE prions are shed in the feces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd
False
The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years
True
Anthrax cannot occur in dogs and cats
False
Bacillus anthracis generally infects animals per os
True
Anthrax is an acute or per-acute disease in cattle
True
Anthrax cannot be prevented with vaccination
False
Blackleg is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
In the case of sheep, blackleg is generally consequence of a wound infection
True
Edema in the muscles is a typical clinical sign of blackleg
True
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
False
Tetanus occurs only in horses
False
The tetanus toxin cleaves the synaptobrevin
True
The clinical signs of tetanus are inducible
True
Tetanus cannot be prevented with vaccination
False
Extracellular enzymes are important virulence factors of pathogenic Staphylococci
True
Morel’s disease is mainly seen in suckling lambs
False
Diarrhea is the main clinical sign of Morel’s disease
False
Isolation of the agent from lesions of Morel’s disease confirms the diagnosis
True
Listeriosis can only be seen in sheep
False
Abortion is the most frequent form of listeriosis in sheep
False
Aerogen infection is the most important form of infection with Listeria in sheep
False
Listeriosis is spreading fast from one animal to the other
False
Caseous lymphadenitis is caused by nitrate positive strains of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
False
Caseous lymphadenitis is only seen in suckling lambs
False
Arthritis can be a clinical sign of caseous lymphadenitis
True
Vaccination can be used for the prevention of caseous lymphadenitis
True
The mortality caused by transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is the highest among old sows
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis of swine is a widespread disease, causing high losses in Europe
False
Pulmonary coronavirus provides cross protection to the virus of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine
True
The lesions of transmissible gastroenteritis of swine are in the gastric mucosa and in the small intestine
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can cause severe respiratory signs in young chicken
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can damage the oviduct
True
Infectious bronchitis can spread very slowly in the flock causing chronic disease
False
There are no vaccines for the prevention of infectious bronchitis of chicken
False
The Equine arteritis virus (EAV) may cause abortion in pregnant mares
True
Vaccination of colts before puberty can prevent the development of EAV-carrier status
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is a zoonotic agent
False
Porcine parvoviruses and PRRSV may cause similar disease in sows
True
Rhabdoviruses are enveloped viruses
True
Ephemeral fever occurs only in America
False
The morbidity is high, the mortality is low in the case of ephemeral fever
True
Drop of milk production is a common sign of ephemeral fever
True
The causative agent of rabies is a uniform virus, without different types or groups
False
The resistance of the rabies virus is good, it retains infectivity for several months in the environment
False
All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to rabies virus
True
Rabies virus is shed in high titre in the saliva
True
Paralysis is a clinical sign of rabies
True
Foxes are vaccinated with attenuated bait vaccine
True
Cattle bitten by rabid animals may be vaccinated post exposition or slaughtered
True
Humans can be infected with rabies, only by being bitten by rabid animals
False
Retroviruses are enveloped viruses
True
Retroviruses transcribe their nucleic acid to DNA
True
Retroviruses generally have a wide host range
False
Frequent genetic changes of retroviruses are common
True
Antibodies against enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be detected in the ELISA test
True
Antibodies against enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be detected in the milk
True
Selection (test and slaughter) method cannot be used to eradicate enzootic bovine leukosis virus
False
Generation shift method cannot be used to eradicate enzootic bovine leukosis virus
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis occurs only in South Africa
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis virus is replicating in the epithelium of the airways
True
Tumors can frequently be seen in the liver and the spleen in the case of ovine pulmonary adenomatosis
False
Ovine pulmonary adenomatosis can be complicated by Pasteurella and Mannheimia strains
True
Maedi/visna virus is shed only in tracheal discharge
False
Clinical signs of maedi are mainly seen in lambs below half a year of age
False
Maedi/visna virus causes interstitial pneumonia in sheep
True
Clinical signs of the central nervous system can be seen in the case of visna
True
Prions contain protein and DNA
False
Infective prions are resistant against proteases
True
Mutations can result infective prions
False
Infection with infective prions generally happens per os
False
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries
False
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading fast within an infected herd
False
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals
True
Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA
False
The agent of anthrax can infect only herbivorous animals
False
The agent of anthrax is not spreading from animal to animal
True
There is a septicemia in cattle in the case of anthrax
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of anthrax
False
Blackleg is mainly seen in ruminants
True
Blackleg is caused by Clostridium chauvoei
True
Severe diarrhea is the main clinical sign of blackleg
False
Anaculture or anatoxin vaccines are used for the prevention of blackleg
True
Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
Infectious necrotic hepatitis is mainly seen in suckling lambs
False
Parasite infection is a frequent predisposing effect of infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Pulpy kidney disease is caused by Clostridium perfringens D
True
Pulpy kidney disease is typically seen in lambs below 2 weeks of age
False
The toxin of the agent of pulpy kidney disease damages the endothelial cells
True
Inactivated vaccines are used for the prevention of pulpy kidney disease
True
Strangles is caused by Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus
False
The morbidity of strangles is high, but the mortality is low
True
Abscesses are the typical clinical signs of strangles
True
Horses with strangles have to be treated with penicillin
True
Hemolysins and leucocidins are important virulence factors of Staphylococci
True
Morel’s disease can be seen in sheep and goats
True
Morel’s disease can mainly be seen in suckling animals
False
Abscesses and purulent inflammation are the typical lesions in the case of Morel’s disease
True
Listeria can be found only in infected animals, they cannot survive in the environment
False
Listeria are transmitted from animal to animal very fast in the infected flock
False
The most frequent sign of bovine listeriosis is abortion
True
There is widespread vaccination for the prevention of listeriosis
False
Caseous lymphadenitis is caused by nitrate-negative Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strains
True
Wound infection can predispose to caseous lymphadenitis
True
Caseous lymphadenitis can be generalized in sheep
True
Antibiotics cannot be used for the treatment of caseous lymphadenitis
False
Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses
True
Coronavirus diarrhea occurs in young calves between a few days and 3-4 weeks of age
True
Coronaviruses cause winter diarrhea in dairy cows with hemorrhagic access
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of coronaviral diarrhea in cattle
False
All species of Felidae are susceptible to feline coronaviruses
True
Coronaviruses can cause asymptomatic infection in cats
True
Feline coronaviruses can cause mild watery diarrhea
True
Feline infectious peritonitis is an acute disease, it appears after a 2-3 days long incubation
False
Stallions may be long-term carriers of the Equine arteritis virus
True
Conjunctivitis and subcutaneous edema are possible signs of equine viral arteritis
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory vines (PRRSV) does not cause clinical signs in boars
False
Inactivated vaccines alone cannot induce protective immunity against PRRSV
True
Rhabdoviruses have high resistance they keen their infectivity for several months in the environment
False
Vesicular stomatitis is a common disease all over the world
False
Vesicular stomatitis can occur in ruminants, pigs and horses
True
The mortality of vesicular stomatitis is very high
False
Sylvatic rabies is maintained by foxes in Europe
True
Rabies virus is spreading along the nerves to the central nervous system
True
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva only after the appearance of the clinical signs
False
Changed behavior is a typical sign of rabies
True
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical lesion of rabies
False
Immunofluorescence test is widely used diagnostic method in the case of rabies
True
Virus neutralization test is used to the laboratory diagnosis of rabies cases
False
Dogs have to be vaccinated for the prevention of rabies at the age of 3 months for the first time
True
Retroviruses carry reverse transcriptase enzyme
True
Retroviruses generally cause long, frequently life-long infection
True
Malignant transformation can be caused by retroviruses
True
Retroviruses are generally genetically very stable
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is spreading horizontally in a cattle herd
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus cannot infect fetuses
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is passed to newborn calves mainly with colostrum in endemically infected herds
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be transmitted in blood
True
Sheep cannot be infected with the caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus
False
Kids can be infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus through the milk
True
Encephalitis caused by caprine arthritis encephalitis virus is typically seen in 2-4 months old kids
True
Arthritis caused by caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus is typically seen in kids below half a year of age
False
Equine infectious anemia is caused by a lentivirus
True
Blood sucking arthropods are mechanical vectors of equine infectious anaemia virus
True
There is no immune reaction in horses against equine infectious anaemia virus
False
Agar gel precipitation test can be used to the detection of antibodies against equine infectious anaemia virus
True
Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases
True
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the gray material of the brain
False
Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions
True
PCR is used to the detection of prions
False
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy infects animals per os
True
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals
True
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk
False
Changed behavior is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
True
Anthrax does not occur in Europe anymore
False
Anthrax is caused by Bacillus bovin
False
The capsule is an important virulence factor of the agent of anthrax
True
The agent of anthrax cannot form spore in the infected animals
True
Malignant edema occurs only in ruminants.
False
Clostridium septicum is an agent of malignant edema
True
Malignant edema can frequently be seen as a result of wound infection
True
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of malignant edema
False
Bradsot is mainly seen in late autumn and winter
True
Bradsot is caused by Clostridium septicum
True
Severe pneumonia is a typical clinical sign of bradsot
Flase
Bradsot has a very fast course
True
Ulcerative enteritis of chicken is caused by Clostridium colinum
True
Ulcerative enteritis is frequently seen in day old chicken
Flase
Coccidiosis is a common predisposing factor of ulcerative enteritis of chicken
True
Ulcers sometimes covered with pseudomembranes are frequent post mortem lesions of ulcerative enteritis of chicken
True
Iron deficiency is a predisposing factor of porcine streptococcosis
True
Streptococcus suis is the main agent of porcine streptococcosis
True
Porcine streptococcosis is more frequent among adult animals than among young piglets
False
Abscesses in the liver can frequently be seen in the case of porcine streptococcosis
True
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus can cause septicemia in day old chicken
True
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus can cause dermatitis in growers and hens
True
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus is the causative agent of exudative dermatitis in pigs
False
Vesicles are formed in the case of exudative dermatitis in pigs
True
The causative agent of erysipelas of swine is Erysipelothrix suis
False
The agent of porcine erysipelas is carried by asymptomatic pigs
True
Warm weather and overcrowding can predispose to erysipelas of swine
True
Diamond skin disease is a subacute form of erysipelas of swine
True
Corynebacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine pyelonephritis
False
Clinical signs of bovine pyelonephritis generally appear after calving
True
Frequent, painful urination is common clinical sign of bovine pyelonephritis
True
Penicillin can be used for the treatment of bovine pyelonephritis
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis of pigs is more frequent in the tropical countries that the moderate climate
False
There is no cross protection between transmissible gastroenteritis vines and the pulmonary coronavirus of pigs
False
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus can cause clinical disease only in pigs
True
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus spreads rapidly in the herd
True
Infectious bronchitis virus of chicken is a uniform virus without any types of variants
False
There is no germinative infection in the case of infectious bronchitis of chicken
True
Infectious bronchitis virus replicates in the epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchi
True
Infectious bronchitis virus can result in damaged or abnormal shell formation
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an Arterivirus
True
Boars can transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the semen
True
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cannot cause abortion, only infertility of the sows
False
There are no vaccines for the prevention of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
False
Ephemeral fever occurs in the tropical countries
True
Inhalation of the tracheal discharge is the main way of infection with ephemeral fever virus
False
The clinical signs of ephemeral fever are more severe in horses than cattle
False
Animals with ephemeral fever have fever for about 2-3 day
True
The rabies virus is very resistant, it retains its infectivity for a few weeks in the environment
False
Only carnivorous animals are susceptible to rabies virus
False
Urban form of rabies is maintained by dogs and cats
True
The sylvatic form of rabies is maintained by foxes in Europe
True
Increased salivation is a clinical sign of rabies
True
Always the furious form of rabies can be seen in dogs
False
Colic can be a sign of rabies in horses
True
Changed behavior is a clinical sign of rabies of wild living animals
True
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is carried lifelong by the infected animal
True
By the end of the incubation phase the animals become seropositive leukosis virus
True
Tumors can be seen in about 90% of the animals infected with enzootic bovine leukosis virus
False
Antibodies in the milk against enzootic bovine leukosis virus can be detected with ELISA
True
Maedi/visna virus causes viraemia
True
Wet cough and intensive nasal discharge are typical signs of maedi
False
De-myelinization is the reason for the clinical signs of visna
True
Attenuated vaccines are widely used to prevent maedi/visn
False
There are several subgroups of avian leukosis viruses
True
All avian leukosis viruses cause malignant transformation of the host cells
True
Avian leukosis viruses are shed in the faces
True
Avian leukosis viruses cannot cause germinative infection
False
Only horses are susceptible to Borna disease virus
False
Horse is the reservoir species of Borna disease virus
False
Clinical signs of Borna disease appear very slowly
True
Dyspnea, nasal discharge and cough are the main signs of Borna disease
False
Infective prions are resistant to proteases
True
Prions contain protein and DNA
False
Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts
False
Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves
True
Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os
True
Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the feces
False
Changed behavior is a typical sign of transmissible mink encephalopathy
True
Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy
True
Anthrax is caused by Bacillus bovis
False
The capsule of the agent of anthrax is polypeptide
True
Anaerobic conditions are needed to the spore formation of the agent of anthrax
Flase
Pigs are the most susceptible animals to the agent of anthrax
False
Clostridium histolyticum can cause malignant edema
True
Malignant edema can be seen only in ruminants
False
Agents of malignant edema can be detected by bacterium culture
True
There are no vaccines for the prevention of malignant edema
False
Phospholipase C is a virulence factor of the agent of bacillary hemoglobinuria
True
Intravascular hemolysis happens in the case of bacillary hemoglobinuria
True
Bacillary hemoglobinuria is a slow, chronic disease
False
Bacillary hemoglobinuria can frequently be seen in horses
False
Coccidiosis is a predisposing factor of necrotic enteritis of chicken
True
Foamy, brownish-red feces is a clinical sign of necrotic enteritis of chicken
True
Lesions of necrotic enteritis of chicken are typically occur in the large intestine
False
Day-old chickens are widely vaccinated in order to prevent of necrotic enteritis
False
Streptococcus pyogenes is the main agent of porcine streptococcosis
False
Iron deficiency can be a predisposing factor of streptococcosis of pigs
True
Streptococcosis of pigs can be seen generally among fattening pigs
False
Neurological signs are common in the case of porcine streptococcosis
True
Staphylococci can cause disease only in day-old birds but not in growers or adults
False
Marek-disease can predispose poultry to staphylococcosis
True
Omphalitis is a clinical sign of avian staphylococcosis
True
Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus can kill the chicken embryo
True
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae can infect only pigs
False
Overcrowding is a predisposing factor of erysipelas of swine
True
The agent of swine erysipelas can cause septicemia
True
Arthritis can be a clinical sign of erysipelas
True
Ulcerative lymphangitis is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
True
Abscess formation is a typical clinical sign of ulcerative lymphangitis
True
Bovine pyelonephritis can mainly be seen in young calves under half a year of age
False
Bovine pyelonephritis is seen as a result of an ascending infection
True
The haemagglutinin (H) gene of influenza viruses is highly variable, mutates readily
True
The neuraminidase (N) gene of influenza viruses is highly variable, mutates readily
True
The nucleocapsid gene of influenza viruses is highly variable, mutates readily
False
The RNA dependent RNA polymerase gene of influenza viruses is highly variable, mutates readily
False
Antigenic drift is the consequence of segment rearrangement
False
Antigenic shift is the consequence of segment rearrangement
True
The complete genome of influenza viruses consists of 2 segments
False
The primary host of influenza viruses is the pig
False
Peste des petites ruminants virus can cause hemorrhagic pneumonia
True
Distemper virus infects only species belonging to Canidae
False
Distemper virus spreads mainly by droplet infection
True
Distemper virus can cause fetopathy
True
Velogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus always cause encephalitis
True
Lentogenic strains of Newcastle disease virus can be used for vaccine production
True
Parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle spreads mainly by arthropod vectors
False
Symptoms of parainfluenza 3 virus infection of cattle are similar to RS virus infection
True
BCoV can cause haemagglutination
True
IBV can cause haemagglutination
False
PDCoV can cause haemagglutination
False
CCoV can cause haemagglutination
False
Winter dysentery causes symptoms in younger age (up to 6 months of age)
False
Coronavirus dysentery in calves can be observed up to 3 weeks of age
True
PRCoV gives cross protection against TGEV
True
PDCoV causes symptoms in pigs
True
The blue ear disease is caused by dog coronavirus
False
The blue ear disease is caused by FIP
False
The blue ear disease is caused by chicken coronavirus
False
The blue ear disease is caused by PRRS
True
The vesicular stomatitis virus is uniform, there are no serotypes, variants etc
False
The resistance of the vesicular stomatitis virus is low
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can be transmitted by direct contact or arthropods
True
Vesicular stomatitis virus can cause lesions on the teats
True
Only the classical rabies virus can cause clinical signs, the other genotypes not
False
All warm-blooded animals are susceptible to rabies virus
True
Rabies virus is shed in the saliva in high titre
True
The sylvatic form of rabies is maintained by different wild living animals
True
The resistance of retroviruses is generally good, they survive in the environment well
False
Reverse transcriptase is produced by retroviruses
True
The nucleic acid of retroviruses can be integrated into the genome of the host cell
True
Retroviruses frequently cause immune suppression
True
Tumors caused by enzootic leukosis virus generally appear at the age of 6 months
False
The infection with enzootic leukosis virus is detected by AGP and ELISA
True
Selection (test and slaughter) method of eradication cannot be used in the case of enzootic bovine leukosis
False
Enzootic bovine leukosis virus is zoonotic
False
All avian leukosis viruses are oncogenic
True
There is no germinative infection in the case of avian leukosis
False
In a flock infected with avian leukosis virus generally 50-60% of the animals have tumours
False
Detection of COFAL antigen is a frequent way of diagnosis of avian leukosis
True
Infective prions are resistant against proteases
True
Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against scrapie prion
True
Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion
False
Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age
False
The spore of the agent of anthrax can be produced only in anaerobic conditions
False
The agent of anthrax causes septicemia in ruminants
True
Animals showing clinical signs of anthrax are not allowed to be treated with antibiotics
False
Anthrax cannot be prevented with vaccination
False
Infectious necrotic hepatitis is caused by Clostridium septicum
False
Liver flukes predispose animals to infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Anatoxin vaccines can be used for the prevention of infectious necrotic hepatitis
True
Lamb dysentery is caused by Clostridium dysenteriae
False
Lamb dysentery can be seen in lambs after weaning
False
Lesions of lamb dysentery are in the small intestine
True
There is no vaccine for the prevention of lamb dysentery
False
Generally wounds predispose animals to botulism
False
The agent of botulism generally produces toxin at the site of entry
False
Flaccid paralysis is the main clinical sign of botulism
True
Botulism is diagnosed on the basis of the typical post mortem lesions
False
Morel’s disease is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes
False
Abscesses in the lymph nodes and in the subcutaneous tissue are typical in Morel’s disease
True
Overcrowding is a predisposing factor of rabbit staphylococcosis
True
Bronchopneumonia is a frequent clinical sign of rabbit staphylococcosis
True
The agent of listeriosis can be frequently present in the silage
True
The agent of listeriosis is an intracellular bacterium
True
The main clinical sign of listeriosis in sheep is pneumonia
False
Vaccination of sheep against listeriosis with inactivated vaccines is widely done in Europe
False
Caseous lymphadenitis is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
True
Phospholipase D is an important virulence factor of the agent of caseous lymphadenitis
True
The clinical signs of caseous lymphadenitis can be seen typically in suckling lambs
False
Abscesses in the lymph nodes are typical lesions of caseous lymphadenitis
True
