Midterm 2 - Photosynthesis

Question 1

light reactions

Answer 1

• energy from light used to create temporary chemical energy

Question 2

CO2 fixation

Answer 2

• inorganic carbon converted to organic compounds by living organisms

Question 2

NADPH

Answer 2

• coenzyme
• anabolic pathways

Question 3

calvin cycle

Answer 3

• light-independent
  (calvIN, independent)
• convert carbon dioxide into carbs
  (cc= Carbon dioxide to Carbs)

Question 4

thylakoid membrane

Answer 4

• inside chloroplast
• where light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place

Question 5

thylakoid space

Answer 5

• empty tubular space inside the thylakoid membrane

Question 5

chloroplast

Answer 5

• organelle in which photosynthesis takes place

Question 6

stroma

Answer 6

• fluid-filled space inside chloroplast
• where light-independent reactions happen

Question 7

chlorophylls

Answer 7

• A: absorbs violet-blue and red light, bluish-green colour
• B: absorbs blue and red-orange light, yellowish-green tint

Question 8

carotenoids

Answer 8

• photosynthetic pigment
• functions to dispose excess energy

Question 9

phycobilins

Answer 9

• capture light

Question 10

visible light

Answer 10

• electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths

Question 11

absorption spectrum

Answer 11

• range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by a given substance

Question 12

action spectrum

Answer 12

• graph of the rate of biological effectiveness plotted against wavelength of light

Question 13

photosystem

Answer 13

• light-dependent
• absorb light energy and convert to chemical energy

Question 14

light-harvesting complex

Answer 14

• passes energy from sunlight to reaction center in each photosystem

Question 15

reaction center complex

Answer 15

• chlorophyll molecules and a primary electron acceptor
• can undergo oxidation and reduction

Question 16

reaction center chorophyll a

Answer 16

• site of photosynthetic reactions

Question 17

chlorophyll oxidation

Answer 17

• removal of electron from chlorphyll

Question 18

primary electron acceptor

Answer 18

• pigment or other organic molecule
• accepts an energized electron from reaction center

Question 19

photophosphorylation

Answer 19

• conversion of ADP to ATP

Question 20

non-cyclic photophosphorylation (z-scheme)

Answer 20

• results in the movement of electrons in a non-cyclic manner for synthesizing ATP molecules

Question 21

H+ gradient

Answer 21

• concentration difference between the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane

Question 22

cyclic photophosphorylation

Answer 22

• organisms accomplish the conversion of ADP to ATP for immediate energy for the cells

Question 22

14C tracer

Answer 22

• estimates the uptake and assimilation of dissolved inorganic carbon

Question 23

rubisco

Answer 23

• 1st enzyme of calvin cycle

Question 24

RuBP

Answer 24

• 1st reaction of calvin cycle

Question 25

1-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Answer 25

• net gain of calvin cycle