Midterm Flashcards
What do cells need to survive?
All of the above
If you have folliculitis, you have an inflammation of what?
Inflammation of the follicle
The thickest layer of the skin is called what?
Dermis
On which part of the body is skin the thickest
Palms
Completely destroying all microbial life, including spores, is know as
Sterilization
Cells are made of colorless, jelly substance called ____ in which food elements are present
Protoplasm
Found in the center of the cell, the ___ plays an important role in the production of the cell
Nucleus
A collection of similar cells that perform a particular function is what
Tissue
The integumentary system is made up of what?
Skin, hair, nails
Which safety device prevents overheating of electrical devices
Fuse, circuit breaker
What is the basic unit of matter that cant be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
Atom
Almost all skincare products are what emulsions
oil-in-water
Product with a pH of 8.9 is considered what?
Alkaline
What’s the largest organ of the body?
Skin
That average body internal thermostat is set to what?
98.6
What is the average adult skin turnover rate?
28 Days
Which glands excrete perspiration
Sudoriferous
Warts are caused by what?
Virus (HPV)
What is a blackhead?
Open comedone
What is the name for the medical science that studies and treats the skin?
Dermatology
Why does the skin tan when exposed to the sun?
Defending against UV radiation
The system that controls and coordinates all other systems
Nervous system
State regulations require all tools be disinfected after ___?
each use
What are substances that can’t be reduced to simpler substances?
Elements
The term used for measuring the strength of an electrical current is
Amp
A pure water with a pH of 7 is considered to be
Neutral
Incompatible products are chemicals that should ____
Not be mixed or stored near each other
Physiology is most accurately described as the study of what?
The functions of the body’s structure
Substances that cause or can cause cancer are what?
Carcinogenic
The process by which cells reproduce by dividing into two identical daughter cells
Mitosis
It is acceptable to allow ___ to contact the skin
Alcohol (D)
Which of the following about Tesla current is true?
Thermal, heat producing current
What is cataphoresis
Introducing acidic, positive, product into the skin through galvanic current
What is anaphoresis
introducing alkaline, Negative pole, product into the skin
Which of the following is not a benefit of using infrared ray heat in a treatment?
Decreases metabolism and chemical metabolism in the skins tissue
Electricity is the flow of what?
Electrons
A ___ is a new substance formed by chemically combining two or more atoms of different elements
Compound
liquids are liquids that mix easily are
miscible
What is grade 4 acne?
Cysts, comedones, papules
What are 5 Hypertrophies?
Keratoma
Mole
Psoriasis
Skin tag
Verucca
What is acne?
Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder, with papules, pustules, cysts
What is impetigo?
bacterial staph infection of the skin that often occurs in children; characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions filled with bacteria
What is Psoriasis?
A skin disease that causes itchy red patches covered by white or silver scales
What is Leucoderma?
Disorders that deal with abnormal pigmentation distribution in the body
What is OSHA responsible for?
Responsible for workplace safety
What is the EPA?
Environmental Protection Agency
Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the US
What are Scabies ?
Contagious disease caused by an Itchy mite
What is bleach?
Sodium hypochlorite
What are Nonconductors?
Substances that do not easily transmit electricity. Ex: plastic, wood
What is an alternating current?
Rapid and interrupted current, glowing first in one direction and then back in the opposite direction
Where are Milliamps used?
Used for all skincare tx’s
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space
What are molecules?
Combination of two or more atoms
What is an emulsion?
Mixture of two or more immiscible substances with the help of a binder (emulsifier). Eventually this mixture will separate over time.
Only products that contain ___ can have a pH?
Water
Identify the answer that’s not a layer of the epidermis
Stratum epithelium
What does SDS stand for?
Safety Data Sheet
Sebum takes place in which gland?
Sebaceous
Skins natural sunscreen known as?
Melanin
What are the two types of sweat glands called?
Apocrine and eccrine
Sterilization destroys what?
All microbial forms, including spores
What is tinea?
Fungal condition that Estheticians do not treat
Open comedone is known as?
blackhead
Itchy swollen lesion that lasts a few hours is known as?
Wheal
Verruca is the technical term for a?
Wart
Symbol that represents the safety of all electrical appliances?
UL
Anabolic reactions (anabolism)?
Build up large molecules
pH is?
Potential hydrogen
What are the 6 functions of the skin?
PHASES
Protection
Heat regulation
Absorption
Sensation
Excretion
Secretion
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
Stratum Corneum (Horny layer)
Stratum Lucidum (Liquid/clear layer)
Stratum Granulosum (Granular layer)
Stratum Spinosum (Spiny layer)
Stratum Germinativum (Basal cell layer)
What’s the Stratum Corneum?
First layer of the Epidermis
Horny layer
Outermost layer
Made up entirely of dead skin cells
Desquamation: cell turnover process happens every 28 days (20s), longer in 30s/40s
What is the Stratum Lucidum
Second layer of the Epidermis
Liquid/clear layer
Contains clear keratin cells - allows shine to go through
Readily visible on palms of hands and soles of feet
What is the Stratum Granulosum
Third layer of the Epidermis
Granular layer
Contains small sacks of cells with matter that resembles a granular form. Cells are filled with Keratin
What is the Stratum Spinosum
Fourth layer of the Epidermis
Spiny layer
Desmosomes-keratin filament - designed to hold lipids and proteins together and provide stability for cells and tissue
What is the Stratum Germinativum?
Fifth layer of the Epidermis
Basal cell layer
Mitosis takes place in this layer
Melanocytes are found in this layer too
What are the two layers of the Dermis
papillary and reticular