MIDTERM 05 - Lipid Lowering Drugs

Question 1

Condition characterized by high total cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol, or triglycerides

Answer 1

Dyslipidemia

Question 2

An increase in concentration of any plasma lipid constituent (Types of dyslipidemia)

Answer 2

Hyperlipidemia

Question 3

Increase in cholesterol (Types of hyperlipidemia)

Answer 3

Hypercholesterolemia

Question 4

Increase in triglycerides (Types of hyperlipidemia)

Answer 4

Hypertriyglyceridemia

Question 5

An increase in plasma concentration of one or more lipoprotein families (Types of dyslipidemia)

Answer 5

Hyperlipoproteinemia

Question 6

A condition that is a major cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Answer 6

Dyslipidemia

Question 7

Are structural analogs of HMG-CoA (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 7

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Question 8

Cholesterol synthesis is maximal at __________ to __________ am

Answer 8

12-2

Question 9

Its MOA is competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 9

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Question 10

The hallmark of drug therapy of dyslipidemias (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 10

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Question 11

The first-line treatment for elevated risk of ASCVD (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 11

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

Question 12

__________ is also known as nicotinic acid or Vitamin B3 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 12

Niacin

Question 13

Decreases VLDL and LDL and increases HDL (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 13

Niacin (Nicotinic acid)

Question 14

Most effective agent for increasing HDL (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 14

Niacin (Nicotinic acid)

Question 15

Used for combined hyperlipidemia and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 15

Niacin (Nicotinic acid)

Question 16

Decreases TGs (VLDL) by up to 50% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 16

Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)

Question 17

Used for type III hyperlipoproteinemia, which are the most sensitive responders for this drug (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 17

Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)

Question 18

DOC for treating severe hypertriglyceridemia who are at risk for pancreatitis (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 18

Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)

Question 19

DOC for chylomicronemia syndrome (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 19

Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)

Question 20

Oldest and safest lipid lowering drugs (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 20

Bile acid sequestrants/Resins

Question 21

Decreases LDL by 12-18% w/o GI symptoms (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 21

Bile acid sequestrants/Resins

Question 22

Used for primary hypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia; a 2nd-line treatment (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 22

Bile acid sequestrants/Resins

Question 23

Decreases LDL by 15-20%; synergistic w/ statins or ACL inhibitor (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 23

Ezetimibe

Question 24

DOC for patients with phytosterolemia (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 24

Ezetimibe

Question 25

Contains omega-3 PUFAs; decreases VLDL TGs (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 25

Fish oil

Question 26

Inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 26

PCSK9 inhibitors

Question 27

Used for established ASCVD, HeFH, and HoFH (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 27

PCSK9 inhibitors

Question 28

A RNAi inhibitor of PCSK9 that is a small siRNA that decreases LDL-C by about 50%

Answer 28

Inclisiran

Question 29

Its MOA is competitive inhibition of ATP citrate lyase (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 29

Bempedoic acid

Question 30

Decreases LDL-C by 15-25% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 30

Bempedoic acid

Question 31

Used for HeFH and established ASVD (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 31

Bempedoic acid

Question 32

Its MOA is inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 32

Lomitapide

Question 33

Decreases LDL by ~50% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 33

Lomitapide

Question 34

Its MOA is inhibition of angiopoietin-like-3 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)

Answer 34

Evinacumab-DGNB

Question 35

Primary target of lipid-lowering therapy in preventing ASCVD

Answer 35

LDL-C

Question 36

Chylomicron (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 36

Type I

Question 37

LDL (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 37

Type IIa

Question 38

LDL + VLDL (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 38

Type IIb

Question 39

IDL (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 39

Type III

Question 40

VLDL (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 40

Type IV

Question 41

VLDL + chylomicrons (Classification of hyperlipoproteinemia)

Answer 41

Type V