MIDTERM 05 - Lipid Lowering Drugs Flashcards
Condition characterized by high total cholesterol, LDL, cholesterol, or triglycerides
Dyslipidemia
An increase in concentration of any plasma lipid constituent (Types of dyslipidemia)
Hyperlipidemia
Increase in cholesterol (Types of hyperlipidemia)
Hypercholesterolemia
Increase in triglycerides (Types of hyperlipidemia)
Hypertriyglyceridemia
An increase in plasma concentration of one or more lipoprotein families (Types of dyslipidemia)
Hyperlipoproteinemia
A condition that is a major cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases
Dyslipidemia
Are structural analogs of HMG-CoA (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
Cholesterol synthesis is maximal at __________ to __________ am
12-2
Its MOA is competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
The hallmark of drug therapy of dyslipidemias (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
The first-line treatment for elevated risk of ASCVD (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
__________ is also known as nicotinic acid or Vitamin B3 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Niacin
Decreases VLDL and LDL and increases HDL (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Niacin (Nicotinic acid)
Most effective agent for increasing HDL (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Niacin (Nicotinic acid)
Used for combined hyperlipidemia and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Niacin (Nicotinic acid)
Decreases TGs (VLDL) by up to 50% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)
Used for type III hyperlipoproteinemia, which are the most sensitive responders for this drug (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)
DOC for treating severe hypertriglyceridemia who are at risk for pancreatitis (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)
DOC for chylomicronemia syndrome (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Fibric acid derivatives (Fibrates)
Oldest and safest lipid lowering drugs (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bile acid sequestrants/Resins
Decreases LDL by 12-18% w/o GI symptoms (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bile acid sequestrants/Resins
Used for primary hypercholesterolemia and combined hyperlipidemia; a 2nd-line treatment (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bile acid sequestrants/Resins
Decreases LDL by 15-20%; synergistic w/ statins or ACL inhibitor (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Ezetimibe
DOC for patients with phytosterolemia (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Ezetimibe
Contains omega-3 PUFAs; decreases VLDL TGs (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Fish oil
Inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
PCSK9 inhibitors
Used for established ASCVD, HeFH, and HoFH (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
PCSK9 inhibitors
A RNAi inhibitor of PCSK9 that is a small siRNA that decreases LDL-C by about 50%
Inclisiran
Its MOA is competitive inhibition of ATP citrate lyase (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bempedoic acid
Decreases LDL-C by 15-25% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bempedoic acid
Used for HeFH and established ASVD (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Bempedoic acid
Its MOA is inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Lomitapide
Decreases LDL by ~50% (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Lomitapide
Its MOA is inhibition of angiopoietin-like-3 (Drugs for dyslipidemia)
Evinacumab-DGNB
Primary target of lipid-lowering therapy in preventing ASCVD
LDL-C
