Middle Ages Key Point

Question 1

Science and technology behind using metals

Answer 1

Metallurgy

Question 2

Very unpopular flat tax used to pay for the Hundred Years’ War

Answer 2

Poll tax

Question 3

A formation used by Scottish infantry (spearmen) at Falkirk

Answer 3

Schiltron

Question 4

Soldiers who fought on horseback

Answer 4

Cavalry

Question 5

Part of the royal household used to help sheriffs with recruitment of infantry

Answer 5

Commissions of array

Question 6

An early type of armour worn by knights

Answer 6

Chain mail

Question 7

A helmet with hinged, moveable visor

Answer 7

Bascinet

Question 8

A contractual obligation to fight (knights)

Answer 8

Indenture

Question 9

The medieval culture of a brave and gentlemanly war

Answer 9

Chivalry

Question 10

Very heavy but protective clothing worn by knights

Answer 10

Platearmour

Question 11

The sides of the battlefield

Answer 11

Flanks

Question 12

The right of kings to buy food off the population at very low rates

Answer 12

Purveyance

Question 13

A social obligation (of knights) to fight for the king in exchange for land

Answer 13

Feudalsummons

Question 14

Non military people

Answer 14

Civilians

Question 15

A weapon which requires a large amount of skill and force to use

Answer 15

Longbow

Question 16

The mounted raid by knights

Answer 16

Chevauchee

Question 17

A tax added onto the cost of imported and exported goods

Answer 17

Indirect tax

Question 18

Soldiers who fought on foot

Answer 18

Infantry

Question 19

Battle of Falkirk date

Answer 19

1298

Question 20

Weapons used in battle of Falkirk

Answer 20

Swords, staff weapons, longbow( not common)crossbows, chain mail armour

Question 21

Composition and tactics of battle of Falkirk

Answer 21

Cavalry, infantry

Schiltron (Scottish tactic to protect against cavalry charge).

Question 22

Battle of Falkirk against which two countries/which had largest army?/who won

Answer 22

England vs Scotland
England had largest army
England won

Question 23

Training/recruitment of battle of Falkirk

Answer 23

Knights-> feudal summons (given land from king in exchange to fight 40days a year)
Farmers for infantry ->local sheriffs often took bribes -> poorest labours recruited
General summons -> fight for loyalty (hope of raids and plunder)

Question 24

Civilian experiences in battle of Falkirk

Answer 24

Raids and plunder
Recruitment from villages near to conflict
Provision of food to the army
Taxes (poll tax ->everyone pay same amount)
Grand chevauchée (1355) huge raid in France during the Hundred Years’ War 500 settlements

Question 25

Battle of Agincourt date

Answer 25

1415

Question 26

Weapons of battle of Agincourt.

Answer 26

Swords (thinner lighter metallurgy), staff weapons, longbows (more common), crossbows, plate armour, cannons 1320