Democracy And Nazism (1918-1945)

Question 1

First Reich = Holy Roman Empire (962-1806)

Answer 1

Loose confederation of mainly German states ruled over by Holy Roman Emperor. (Also ruler of Austria)

Question 2

German confederation 1815-66

Answer 2

Loose political association of 39 different states replacing collapsed Holy Roman Empire.

Question 3

Second Reich

Answer 3

Authoritarian monarchial regime. Three Kaisers during Second Reich: Wilhelm I, Frederick and Wilhelm II.

Question 4

Weimar Republic

Answer 4

Democratic republic

Question 5

Third Reich

Answer 5

Nazis dictatorship under hitler

Question 6

Occupation and division of Germany 1945-90

Answer 6

Military occupation by Allies leading to
division of Germany into 2 separate states; East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
and West Germany (German Federal Republic)

Question 7

Reunification of Germany

Answer 7

Fall of Berlin Wall 1989 leads to unification of west and East Germany.

Question 8

Reich

Answer 8

Empire

Question 9

Prussian army was at war with which countries to achieve unification ?

Answer 9

France (1870-1), Austria(1866) and Denmark (1864)

Question 10

General Erich Ludendorff

Answer 10

key figure in German victories against Russian army. In 1916 joined Hindenburg in engineering overthrow of Chancellor(Theobald von Bethmann-Holweg) and became member of military committee which ruled Germany until end of war.

Question 11

Von Hindenburg

Answer 11

aristocratic landowner and professional soldier. Became hero after defeating large Russian army at battle of Tannenberg 1915. Became chief of general staff 1916. After Germany’s defeat, Hindenberg shifted blame for humiliation onto politicians who took power after abdication of Kaiser

Question 12

Kaiser

Answer 12

Emperor of Germany

Question 13

Otto Von Bismark

Answer 13

Chancellor of imperial Germany and politically dominated Germany until he’s forced to resign by Kaiser Wilhelm II

Question 14

Reichstag

Answer 14

Name of Germany gov

Question 15

Junkers

Answer 15

Prussian aristocratic landowners who supported the Kaiser.

Question 16

SPD

Answer 16

Social Democratic Party campaigning for democracy in Germany

Question 17

What happened in 1871?

Answer 17

Largest German state , Prussia, brought most of the German states together into new German Reich dominated by Prussia.

Question 18

Before 1871…

Answer 18

Germany consisted of a number of different states (varying in sizes).

Question 19

What did many German nationalists want?

Answer 19

To form a strong united German state but wanted this in a liberal way (though elections and popular consent )

Question 20

How did unification happen?

Answer 20

Through military victories of the Prussian army in wars against Denmark, Austria and France

Question 21

When was Germany created?

Answer 21

1871

Question 22

Reforms

Answer 22

major constitutional transformation in Germany BUT didn’t come about as result of pop.pressure, nor b/c of pressure from main democratic parties in Reichstag