Middle Ages/Falkirk Flashcards
The feudal system
King
Nobility
Gentry
Common people
Meaning of Yeomen
Rent land
During the 13th century, most people were illiterate or literate
Most people were illiterate, literacy rate was 6%
During the 13th century, who was the most powerful ruling body in England
Monarch (king)
The population of England between 1250 and 1500 decreased or increased significantly
Decreased significantly from 4 million and 2million
Common jobs were…
Blacksmiths and farming
Most people lived in…
Wooden houses. The wealthy lived in stone houses
The medieval society was known as…
Feudalism. Did not allow people to move freely between social status
Battle of Falkirk was against…
The English army and Scottish army
Sizes of both armies
English 15000
Scottish 10000
Strengths of both armies
English:Outnumbered Scots, more long range weapons
Scottish:higher ground, schiltron
Weaknesses of both armies
English:cavalry were weak against schitron, organisation
Scottish:no armour
Which side had more weapons
English
Which side had good leadership
Scottish
Which side had better tactics and military strategy
Scottish
Which side had bigger size of army
British
Which side had better training and skill of army
Scottish
Which side had home advantage
Scottish
What percentage of the population were knights
4%
How much land did you need to own to be a knight
£40 a year
What were knights of the royal household and how many were there
Kings private army, paid by the king. 50 knights
What enabled the king to expand the size of the royal household quickly
Each knight had their own following of knights and arches (retinue)
How many feudal summons were issued between 1259 and 1307 versus the end of the period
9
How many indentures were issued at the start versus the end of the Middle Ages
Recruitments switches from feudal summons to indentures
What’s chivalry
The medieval culture of a brave and gentlemanly war
Standing army
Permanent army
Combatants
Fighter
Feudal summons
Fight for the king exchange for land
Retinue
A knights following
Part of the royal household used to help sheriffs with recruitment of infantry
Commissions of array
