Middle Age Flashcards
When does middle age begin and end?
40 to 64
What is advanced maternal age (AMA)?
35
What is the Erickson’s psychological conflict of midlife?
generativity vs stagnation
generativity definition
guiding the next generation
midlife crisis definition
period of transition in life where someone struggles with their identity and self-confidence
When does a midlife crisis occur?
anywhere from 40 years old to 60 years old
What are the two social considerations that need to be taken when treating a middle aged individual?
the person’s role and their functional needs
What is presbyopia?
loss of accommodative ability of the lens
T/F: in middle age, there is a decreased sensitivity to glare
false; INCREASED sensitivity to glare
presbycusis definition
age related hearing loss
presbycusis begins with a decline in detection of ______________ and then spreads to other tones
high frequencies
When does muscle strength decline?
age 30
Each decade after age 30, ________% of muscle mass is lost
5%
LE muscular strength reduced by ________% between ages 30-80
40%
osteoporosis definition
severe age related bone loss
_____% of US adults age 50 and older have osteoporosis. Most of them are _______ (men/women)
10%; women
Where do fractures related to osteoporosis typically occur?
spine, hips, and/or wrist
From middle to late adulthood, osteoporosis increases ________fold in women and ____________ in men
fivefold in women; triples
What are 4 things that doctors recommend to treat osteoporosis?
a diet enriched with calcium and vitamin D, weight bearing exercise, resistance training, and bone strengthening medications
When does coordination decline? Does this vary?
declines in 30s; this does vary depending on physical activity levels
When do age related changes begin in the vestibular system?
40s
What does “Sandwich” generation mean?
done raising you, but still connected to you and their parents are also needing to be taken care of (are parents and have parents that are alive)
Common issues for over _____ years old: dizziness and vertigo
50
__________ (increased/decreased) thresholds of excitation of vestibular nuclei in aging
increased
_____% reduction in hair cells and _____% reduction in peripheral nerve fibers in adults over 70
40% and 36%
What are the three stages of menopause?
perimenopause, menopause, and postmenopause
During menopause the ovaries begin to _________ (atrophy/hypertrophy) which causes a __________ (increase / decline) in the production of the hormones that stimulate the menstrual cycle
atrophy; decrease
When does the perimenopause or pre-menopause stage occur?
about three to five years before menopause
When do most females begin to experience symptoms of menopause?
mid to late forties
T/F: it is not possible to get pregnant during the pre-menopause/perimenopause stage
false; it is still possible to get pregnant during pre-menopause
Menopause definition
the absence of menses for 12 straight months without other causes such as illness, medication, or pregnancy
T/F: Once the female reaches menopause, she can no longer achieve pregnancy
true
What is the average age of menopause?
51; but age can vary
Females in the post-menopause stage are at an increased risk of __________ and _________ due to the decrease in estrogen
heart disease and osteoporosis
T/F: Menopause symptoms cannot be managed by a healthy diet, regular exercise, and lifestyle modifications
false; menopause symptoms CAN be managed by a healthy diet, regular exercise, and lifestyle modifications
What is andropause?
the symptoms men experience as their testosterone production levels decrease with age
After the age of ______, testosterone levels start to decline and the symptoms associated with andropause begin to manifest
40
what are 3 signs of andropause?
hair loss, increased body fat, erectile dysfunction
heart disease is the __________ most cause of death in people between 45 to 64 years
second
About ______% of middle age americans who die, die from cardiovascular disease
25%
atherosclerosis definition
build of plaque in the arteries
T/F: High BP, high cholesterol, and atherosclerosis often have no symptoms
TRUE
What is the leading cause of death among people ages 45 to 64?
cancer
What is the most type of cancer in females? Males?
Females: breast cancer
Males: prostate cancer
What is the second and third most common cancers in both genders?
second most common: lung
thirst most common: colon
Do more men or women get heart disease?
men
