Mid 2: Antivirals Flashcards
antivirals safety metrics
cytotoxic index for cells
therepeutic index for host
Main mech of antivirals
interfere with synth of viral nucleic acids
Ribavirin and viruses it treats
synthetic guanosine analog
RSV, HCV
Acyclovir and viruses it treats
nucleoside analog
HSV and VZV
AZT and viruses it treats
thymidine analogue
HIV
nucleoside and nucleotide analog mech
activated by viral kinases to produce triphosphate deriv
chain termination of dna synth
provides specificity to infected cells
Valacyclovir
Prodrug that is changed to acyclovir
Nucleotide analogue for treating HSV and VZV
Nucleoside analogue resistance
loss of viral protein kinase results in resistance
Foscarnet
non nucleoside/nucleotide analogue
Inhibits herpesvirus dna polymerase
herpesvirus drug
Mutation rate in rna vs dna viruses
rna viruses lack proofreading activity that dna viruses have so mutation rate is much higher
Strategy to avoid drug resistance w/ antivirals
combine two drugs that use different pathways so that to survive the virus needs two complementary mutations
Saquinavir
viral protease inhibitor
darunavir
viral protease inhib
viral protease inhibitors
inhibitory peptide mimics
raltegravir
viral integrase inhib
dolutegravir
viral integrase inhib
Maroviroc
viral entry inhib
enfuvirtide
viral entry inhib
amantadine
influenza drug that targets influenza A m2 protein. Currently innefective due to resistant strains
zanamivir
viral neuraminidase inhib for influenza
oseltamivir
viral neuraminidase inhib for influenza
Biologics
drugs produced form living orgs or that contain componenets from living orgs
Biologics for viral infection
interferons, antibodies
Normal Interferons
glycoprotein cytokines that fight infection
