Microscopy and the Discovery of the Cell

Question 1

In 1597, discovered that the combination of two lenses in a particular arrangement was the secret of the better visualization and magnification of objects.

they invented what would become the prototype for the compound microscope.

Answer 1

Hans Janssen and his son, Zacharias Jansen

Question 2

The microscope was later modified in the 17th century by ____________, an English scientist and mechanical genius who pioneered the microscopic research. He was also widely recognized as the ENGLISH FATHER OF MICROSCOPY. He was also coined for the discovery of the CELL in which he described it as looked like SMALL MONASTERY ROOMS.

Answer 2

Robert Hooke

Question 3

a Dutch maker of microscopes was the first person to see LIVE CELLS in 1665 using a microscope that he himself made. Through his microscope, he made pioneering discoveries on PROTOZOA, RED BLOOD CELLS, CAPILLARY SYSTEMS and LIFE CYCLE OF INSECTS. His invention paved the way for the development of the world’s FIRST PRACTICAL MICROSCOPE.

Answer 3

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Question 4

The discovery of TWO INFECTIOUS BACTERIA, tubercle and cholera bacilli by ________________, a German physician and microbiologist, was among the monumental discoveries in microbiology.

Answer 4

Robert Koch

Question 5

Modern electron microscopes which now have greater magnifying power and greater resolution, can magnify objects up to _______________ times their actual size.

Answer 5

500,000

Question 6

This is also known as the BODY, it carries the OPTICAL PARTS in the UPPER PART of the microscope.

Answer 6

Head

Question 7

It acts as microscopes SUPPORT. It also carriers the microscopic illuminators.

Answer 7

Base

Question 8

This is the part CONNECTING THE BASE and TO THE HEAD and the eyepiece tube THE EYEPIECE TUBE TO THE BASE of the microscope. It gives support to the head of the microscope and it also USED WHEN CARRYING the microscope.

Answer 8

Arms

Question 9

It is also known as the OCULAR. This is the part used to LOOK THROUGH the microscope. It is FOUND AT THE TOP of the microscope. Its standard magnification is 10x with an optional eyepiece having magnifications from 5X – 30X.

Answer 9

Eyepiece

Question 10

It’s the EYEPIECE HOLDER. It carries the eyepiece just above the objective lens.

Answer 10

Eyepiece tube

Question 11

These are the MAJOR LENSES used for specimen visualization. They have a magnification power of 40x-100X.

Answer 11

Objective lenses

Question 12

It is also known as the REVOLVING TURRET. It holds the objective lenses. It is movable hence it can REVOLVE the objective lenses depending on the magnification power of the lens.

Answer 12

Nose piece

Question 13

These are KNOBS that are used to focus the microscope.

Answer 13

The Adjustment knobs

Question 14

two types of adjustment knobs

Answer 14

Fine adjustment knobs and the coarse adjustment knobs.

Question 15

This is the section on which THE SPECIMEN IS PLACED for viewing. They have stage clips hold the specimen slides in place.

Answer 15

Stage

Question 16

The MOST COMMON stage is a __________, which allows the control of the slides by moving the slides using the mechanical knobs on the stage instead of moving it manually.

Answer 16

mechanical stage

Question 17

This is a HOLE on the microscope stage, through which the TRANSMITTED LIGHT from the source reaches the stage.

Answer 17

Aperture

Question 18

This is the microscopes LIGHT SOURCE, located at the base. It is used instead of a mirror. it captures light from an external source of a low voltage of about 100v.

Answer 18

Microscopic illuminator

Question 19

These are lenses that are used to collect and focus light from the illuminator into the specimen. They are found under the stage next to the diaphragm of the microscope. They play a major role in ensuring clear sharp images are produced with a high magnification of 400X and above. The higher the magnification of the condenser, the more the image clarity. More sophisticated microscopes come with an Abbe condenser that has a high magnification of about 1000X.

Answer 19

Condenser

Question 20

It is also known as the IRIS. It is found under the stage of the microscope and its primary role is to control the amount of light that reaches the specimen. It is an ADJUSTABLE APPARATUS, hence controlling the light intensity and the size of the beam of light that gets to the specimen.

Answer 20

Diaphragm

Question 21

his is a knob that MOVES THE CONDENSER up or down thus controlling the focus of light on the specimen.

Answer 21

Condenser focus knob

Question 22

This is a condenser specially designed on HIGH QUALITY MICROSCOPES, which makes the condenser to be movable and allows very high magnification of above 400X. The high-quality microscopes normally have a high numerical aperture than that of the objective lenses.

Answer 22

Abbe Condenser

Question 23

It controls HOW FAR THE STAGES should go preventing the objective lens from getting too close to the specimen slide which may damage the specimen. It is responsible for preventing the specimen slide from coming too far up and hit the object.

Answer 23

The rack stop