Microscopy Flashcards
what are positively charged stains (basic) going to interact with
negative stuff like the plasma membrane
what will acid stains (negatively charged) interact with?
positive stuff (like glass)
Define simple stain
single staining agent, used to determine shape or grouping of cells
in coccus cells, one axis of division results in what?
one straight line of cells
in cocci, division along one axis results in what kind of grouping,
diplococcus (2) or streptococcus (4-20)
diplococcus is typical of what genus
neissero
streptococcus is typical of what genus?
streptococcus!
what kind of grouping happens in coccus on two axis of division`
a tetrad is formed
division in coccus on two axis is typical of what genus?
micrococcus
what results in coccus on three planes of division? What is this grouping called?
irregular grouping, and it is called staphylcoccus
In rods, what is a grouping of two called?
diplobacillia
In rods, what is a grouping of more than two called?
streptobacillia
what group has curved rods as their morphology?
vibrio
What group has morphology of spirals
spirochetes
Gram negative staining will affect mostly what group?
rods
what are the three groups of cocci that are gram negative?
neisseria, moraxella, and acinobacter
if it has no cell wall, it will always be what color with regards to gram staining?
red
what rod groups are gram positives
Sporulating: genera bacillus and clostridium
Non-sporulating: lactobacillus and listeria
what color will mycobacteria stain, and why?
stain cannot reach plasma membrane due to mycolic acid outer membrane
what are johns three rules
If genus ends with coccus, the shape is coccus, is gram positive
If the genus is bacillus or clostridium, is gram positive rod
If I cant apply rule one or two, and is not an exception, it is a gram negative rod
what is the cell wall like for gram positive
- peptidoglycan wall is thick with many layers
- no lipopolysaccharide membrane is outside of the cell wall
what is the cell wall like for gram negative?
- peptidoglycan wall is thin with few layers
- there is a lipopolysaccharide layer
