Classification of organisms

Question 1

what is the common cellular ancestor?

Answer 1

Progenote

Question 2

What are the three domains?

Answer 2

Archaea, Eubacteria, and Eukarya

Question 3

What are the six kingdoms?

Answer 3

Archeobacteria, Eubacteria, animalia, plantae, protista, fungi

Question 4

are there microorganisms that can reproduce sexually?

Answer 4

yes, fungi

Question 5

definition of species for microbiologists

Answer 5

a set of microbial strains that share several characteristics that differ significantly from all other strains of microbes

Question 6

Definition of a strain

Answer 6

population of microbes resulting from a unique individual or a pure culture: different strains represent genetic variations of the same species

Question 7

define a biotype

Answer 7

Strains with biochemical or physiological differences

Question 8

serotype defintion

Answer 8

strains with different antigenic properties

Question 9

Define pathotypes

Answer 9

refers to how different strains of a microbe will carry a disease, while other will not carry a disease

Question 10

Nomenclature of genus + species name

Answer 10

Genus capital, species lower
Can be abbreviated
the genus name can be used alone
name of species is never abbreviated
name of species never used alone

Question 11

Define serological testing

Answer 11

use of antiserum containing antibodies that attack certain antigens only found on certain groups of a microorganism

Question 12

What are three advantages of serological testing/

Answer 12

1. Very specific
2. Does not require pure cultures
3. allows for the identification of microorganisms that cannot be grown in the lab

Question 13

Quickly summarize nucleic acid hybridization

Answer 13

basically you put different nucleic acid strands from to different organisms, heat em up, cool em down, and then see how how man complementary annealing strands there are. the more annealed strands, the more the two animals are related. ON MIDTERM, GET THIS

Question 14

what is the formula for G+C content?

Answer 14

(G +C)/ (G+C+A+T) x 100%

Question 15

what three classes of organisms are on the domain archaea?

Answer 15

Hyperthermophiles, methanogens, and extreme thermophiles

Question 16

In what domain are gram positive bacteria found?

Answer 16

Eubacteria

Question 17

What four groups are found in eucarya?

Answer 17

Fungi, plantae, animalia, and protista

Question 18

In the domain eubacteria, what three classifications are used to classify eubacteria?

Answer 18

shape, oxygen requirements, and diseases they cause

Question 19

what are the two forms of energy production used by eubacteria

Answer 19

Chemo-synthesis or photosynthesis

Question 20

what is the largest and most diverse group of bacteria?

Answer 20

proteobacteria

Question 21

Are proteobacteria gram negative or gram positive?

Answer 21

gram negative

Question 22

how do proteobacteria obtain energy

Answer 22

chemiosmosis

Question 23

what group has the most pathogens?

Answer 23

Proteobacteria