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TOb > Microscopy > Flashcards

Microscopy Flashcards

0
Q

Define tissue

A

A collection of cells specialised to perform a particular function e.g. Epithelia

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1
Q

State the hierarchy of measurement units

A

M,mm,um,no

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2
Q

Explain the value of histology in diagnosis

A

Can give certainty, biopsy is proof

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3
Q

Define biopsy

A

removal of small piece of tissue

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4
Q

What is curettage used for?

A

Endometrial lining of uterus

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5
Q

What is smear used for?

A

Cervix,Buccal

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6
Q

What is needle used to sample?

A

Brain, breast, liver

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7
Q

What is direct incision used to sample?

A

Skin, mouth, larynx

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8
Q

What is endoscopic used for?

A

Lung, intestine, bladder

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9
Q

What is transvascular used to sample?

A

Heart and liver

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10
Q

Why is tissue fixed?

A

Macromolecules cross linked
Preserve cellular structure
No auto lysis or putrefaction

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11
Q

List common fixatives

A

Gluteraldehyde
Formaldehyde
Dehydrated with ethanol, cleared with toluene, wax

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12
Q

How do shrinkage artefacts occur?

A

During slide preparation dehydration and rehydration leads to abnormalities

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13
Q

How does h and e stain work?

A

Haemotoxin stains acidic components purple e.g. DNA RNA

Eosin stains basic components pink e.g. Proteins, fibres

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14
Q

How does periodic acid shift stain?

A

Stains glycoproteins magenta

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15
Q

What is phase contrast and its advantages?

A

Used inteferance effects from two combining light waves

Can enhance image of Unstained cells

16
Q

What is dark field and its advantages?

A

Excludes The U scattered beam from the image

Can use on Unstained, detects syphyllis and malaria

17
Q

What is flourescent and its advantages?

A

Targets molecules of interest with flourescent ab

Can use multiple stains on one sample

18
Q

What is confocal and its advantages?

A

Tissue labelled with one or more fluorescent particles

Eliminates flare, 3d from 2d, living specimens

TOb (16 decks)

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