Bugs In The System Flashcards

0
Q

What causes infection?

A

Viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, insects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is infection?

A

Invasion of a host organism by disease causing agents, their multiplication and reaction of host cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why do some people get certain infections?

A
From friends or famoly
Poor hygeine
Poor diet
Airborne
Weakened immune system
Genetic lredisposition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What influences the outcome of infection?

A
Diet
Health of individual
Available treatments
Hygeine
Timely diagnosis and treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the shapes of bacteria?

A

Staphylococci- ball of beads
Streptococci - caterpillar
Backlli - rods
Diplococci - two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe bacteria structure

A

Peptidogylgan cell wall, circular dna/rna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe virus structure

A

Can be enveloped, have capsid, no organelles, dna/rna, no reverse transcriptase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does bram staining work?

A

+(blue) or -(red) depending on cell wall
+vely charged crystal violet binds to -ve cell components
Iodine forms a karbe molecular complex witn crystal violet
Acetone or methanol extract the complexes through the gram negative cell eall
A red dye used to stain the now unstained gram -ve wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does acid fast work?

A

Allow us to detect bacterial causes of tb and leprosy that cant be detected by gram staining
As mycoplasmas dont have a cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define pathogen

A

Disease causing organism (bacterium, virus,other)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define non pathogen

A

Doesnt cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain the significance of genome composition for classification and detection of viruses

A

Rna viruses more likely to mutate as rna less stable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Explain the significance of envolope for classification and detection of viruses

A

Viruses with envolope cant survive if holes in envolope - easy to sterilise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Explain the significance of replication strategy for classification and detection of viruses

A

Rna viruses can use reverse transcriptase (hiv)
Dna viruses use cell machinery (hpv)
Some viruses carry their own replication enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe some dna enveloped viruses

A

Hepatitis b - inflamed liver
Herpes - oral genital wall
Smallpox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give an example of a dna non-enveloped virus

A

Hpv - warts, cervical cancer

16
Q

Give examples of rna enveloped viruses

A

Hiv - aids
Rubella - rash
Rotavirus - diarrohea
Coronavirus - sars

17
Q

Give examples of rna non-envoloped virus

A

Polio

Hepatitis a

18
Q

Gibe examples of gram + bacteria

A
Staphylococcus aureas - food poisoning
Streptococcuspyogenes - flesh eating
Group b streptococci - meningitis
Streptococcus pneumonia - pneumonia
Clostridium difficile - diarrohea
19
Q

Give examples of gram -ve bacteria

A

Neisseria meningitis
E. Coli
Heliobacter pylori - peptic ulcers

20
Q

Name antibiotics that target bacterial cell walls

A

Penicillin, amoxicillin

B lactoms

21
Q

Antibiotics that target protein synthesis

A

Gentamicin
Erythromicin
Tetracycline

22
Q

Give example of antifolate drugs

A

Metronizadole, trimethoprim

23
Q

Define resevoir

A

Any person,soil,substance in which infectious agent lives

24
Q

Define commensal

A

Symbiotic relationship where one species derives benefit and the host is unaffected