Cell Ultrastructure

Question 0

Why do electron microscopes have finer resolution?

Answer 0

Limit of resolution is proportional to wavelength

Question 1

Define limit of resolution

Answer 1

Minimum distance at which two objects can be distinguished

Question 2

Describe cell membrane

Answer 2

Phospholipid bilayer, freely mobile proteins, some glycosolated
Allows intercellular adhesion and recognition, signal transduction, compartmentalaisation, selective premeability, transport

Question 3

Describe nucleus

Answer 3

Contains dna, rna, nucleoproteins

Question 4

Describe glycocalyx

Answer 4

Used for cell recognition, communication snd adhesion

Question 5

Describe plasmolemma

Answer 5

Protective layer
Signal transduction
Intercellular recognition

Question 6

Describe Nucleolus

Answer 6

Electron dense structure within the nucleus, site of rna synthesis

Question 7

Describe nuclear envolope

Answer 7

Double layer membrane with nuclear pores

Question 8

Describe SER

Answer 8

Site of Lipid biosynthesis and intracellular transport

Question 9

describe RER

Answer 9

Studded with ribosomes for protein synthesis

Question 10

Describe ribosomes

Answer 10

Free - protein supynthesis for cytosol

On rer - synthesise proteins for cell exterior

Question 11

Function of golgi?

Answer 11

Sort, concentrate, package and modify proteins synthesised by rer

Question 12

Describe lysosomes

Answer 12

Comtain acid hydrolases so have glycosylated membrane for protection
Highly diverse shape
Generated by golgi

Question 13

What are residual bodies

Answer 13

Lysosomes that contain some indigestible remenants

Question 14

Describe peroxisomes

Answer 14

Roughly spherical, contain granular matrix bound by single membrane
Major sites of oxygen utilaisation and h202 production
Catalase uses h202 to oxidise phenols, formic acid and alcohol

Question 15

Describe mitochondria

Answer 15

Generate atp rich molecules
Use glucose and fatty acids
Lots in liver and muscle
Inner matrix contains enzymes for krebs cycle and fatty acid chcles, dna,rna ribosomes and calcium granules